TD Garden

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TD Garden
"The Garden"
TD Garden Logo-Primary.svg
TD Garden (crop).JPG
TD Garden in November 2009
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TD Garden
Location in Boston
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TD Garden
Location in Massachusetts
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TD Garden
Location in the United States
Former names
  • Shawmut Center (during construction)
  • FleetCenter (1995–2005)
  • TD Banknorth Garden (2005–2009)
Address100 Legends Way
Location Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Coordinates 42°21′58.69″N71°3′44.02″W / 42.3663028°N 71.0622278°W / 42.3663028; -71.0622278
Public transit BSicon LOGO Amtrak2.svg Amtrak :

Downeaster

MBTA.svg MBTA :
BSicon TRAM1.svg  GreenLine 
MBTA.svg  OrangeLine 
MBTA.svg   Fitchburg Line  
MBTA.svg   Haverhill Line  
MBTA.svg   Lowell Line  
MBTA.svg   Newburyport/Rockport Line  
at North Station
Owner Delaware North Companies
OperatorDelaware North
Capacity
SurfaceVarious
Construction
Broke groundApril 29, 1993 (1993-04-29)
OpenedSeptember 30, 1995 (1995-09-30)
Renovated2006, 2009, 2014, 2019
Construction cost
  • US$160 million
  • ($320 million in 2023 dollars [2] )
Architect Ellerbe Becket, Inc. [3]
Project managerUpton & Partners [4]
Structural engineer LeMessurier Consultants [5]
Services engineer Flack + Kurtz [3]
General contractor Morse Diesel International [6]
Tenants
Website
tdgarden.com

TD Garden (named the FleetCenter from opening until 2005 and TD Banknorth Garden until 2009) is a multi-purpose arena in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. It is located directly above the MBTA's North Station, and replaced the original Boston Garden upon opening in 1995. [7] It is the most visited sports and entertainment arena in New England, as nearly 3.5 million people visit the arena each year. [8]

Contents

TD Garden is the home arena for the Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League (NHL) and the Boston Celtics of the National Basketball Association (NBA). It is owned by food service and hospitality conglomerate Delaware North, whose CEO, Jeremy Jacobs, also owns the Bruins. It is the site of the annual Beanpot college hockey tournament, and hosts the annual Hockey East Championships. The arena has also hosted many major national sporting events including various rounds of the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament, NCAA Division I women's basketball tournament, NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament, the 2014 United States Figure Skating Championships and the 2016 World Figure Skating Championships. In addition, TD Garden has hosted the 2021 Laver Cup, an international men's tennis tournament.

Besides sporting events, the TD Garden has also served as a concert venue for numerous nationally touring acts in music and comedy.

The naming rights deal for the arena is scheduled to continue through June 2045, with TD Bank and Delaware North extending the agreement in January 2023. [9]

History

Planning

As early as the late 1970s, the Bruins were looking for a new arena. The Boston Garden was approaching 50 years old at the time. The Jacobs family, who had bought the Bruins in 1975, was looking to build a 17,000-seat arena in suburban Boston after negotiations fell through with the city of Boston. The team nearly moved to Salem, New Hampshire around where the Mall at Rockingham Park is today. That fell through and the Bruins continued to play at Boston Garden. [10] The Celtics, also looking for a new arena, considered moving to Revere. [11]

In 1985, Boston Garden owner Delaware North was awarded the rights to construct a new arena by the Boston Redevelopment Authority and Mayor Raymond Flynn. However, poor economic conditions delayed the project. [12] [13]

On May 8, 1992, Delaware North announced that it had secured funding for a new arena in the form of $120 million worth of loans evenly split between Bank of Boston, Fleet Bank of Massachusetts and Shawmut National Corporation. [14] That December, a bill approving construction of the new arena was killed in the Massachusetts Senate by Senate President William M. Bulger. Legislative leaders and Delaware North attempted to reach an agreement on plans for the new arena, but in February 1993 Bruins owner Jeremy Jacobs announced that he was backing out of the project as a result of the legislature's demand that his company pay $3.5 million in "linkage payments". [15] Massachusetts governor Bill Weld lent strong support to a "Chapter 15" piece of legislation that included a "Section 7" that explicitly required Delaware North to "administer, produce, promote and sponsor no less than three charitable events per year at the New Boston Garden" and pay the proceeds from such events to the Metropolitan District Commission (MDC), today known as the state's Department of Conservation and Recreation. [16] Two weeks later, after a new series of negotiations, the two sides finally came to an agreement, and on February 26 the legislature passed a bill that allowed for construction of a new sports arena. [17]

Construction

Construction began on April 29, 1993. Though the new arena was intended to be situated slightly north of the old facility, there were only nine inches (23 cm) of space between the two buildings when construction was completed. [18] The site for the new arena occupied 3.2 acres (13,000 m2) and eventually cost $160 million. Construction was completed in 27 months, including seven weeks of delay caused by heavy snowfall. [18]

Opening

On the evening of September 29, 1995, a farewell event was held in the old Boston Garden hosted by WBZ-TV news personality Liz Walker and CBS national news anchor Dan Rather. Attendees included Bruins legends such as Bobby Orr and Phil Esposito as well as Celtics greats Larry Bird and Red Auerbach. The ceremony concluded with the release of thousands of balloons into the rafters to the music of the Boston Pops. The Boston Globe stated that "all New England has lost a friend." [19]

The following night, opening ceremonies were held at the FleetCenter, including performances by the Boston Pops, Walt Disney's World on Ice, Olympic figure skaters Nancy Kerrigan and Paul Wylie, and musical acts James Taylor, Patti LaBelle and US3. [20]

The Boston Bruins played their first game in the new arena on October 7, a 4–4 tie with the New York Islanders. [21] The Boston Celtics lost their first game at the FleetCenter by a score of 101–100 to the Milwaukee Bucks on November 3. [22]

Naming

TD Garden is named after its sponsor, TD Bank, a subsidiary of the Canada's Toronto-Dominion Bank. During the construction phase, the naming rights to the "New Garden" were sold to Boston-based Shawmut Bank, and the arena was originally slated to open as the Shawmut Center. However, just as the arena was being completed, Shawmut merged with Fleet Financial Group, forcing every seat in the arena, which had all been stamped with the Shawmut logo, to be replaced. The interior color scheme also had to be adjusted from Shawmut's darker blue to Fleet's marginally lighter blue. [23]

November 2004 Celtics game vs the Charlotte Bobcats at the then-FleetCenter Fleet Center.jpg
November 2004 Celtics game vs the Charlotte Bobcats at the then-FleetCenter

The name of the arena was expected to change as a result of the April 1, 2004 merger of FleetBoston Financial with Bank of America. On January 5, 2005, Delaware North announced an agreement under which the bank made a payment to be released from the remaining six years on the naming rights agreement. The agreement left Delaware North free to sell the naming rights to another sponsor. On March 3, 2005, Maine-based TD Banknorth, a U.S. subsidiary of Toronto-Dominion Bank, announced its purchase of the naming rights for $6 million per year. [24] The first major event to be held after the announcement was the 2005 Hockey East Men's Ice Hockey Tournament. On July 1, 2005, the facility was officially renamed the TD Banknorth Garden. Bill Ryan, the chairman and CEO of TD Banknorth and a passionate booster of Boston sports, had specifically pursued the naming rights for TD Banknorth to restore the "Garden" monicker to the North Station edifice. [9]

In early 2005, while still searching for a long-term corporate sponsor, the FleetCenter conducted auctions on eBay to sell one-day naming rights. [25] From February 10 to March 13, the FleetCenter sold the naming rights 30 different times. The net proceeds of $150,633.22 generated during the auction were donated to charities in the greater Boston area. The FleetCenter also made private arrangements with a few companies for one-day naming rights, and offered one-day rights in an employee raffle.

TD Banknorth Garden signage at night (2007) TDBanknorthGardenSignAtNight.jpg
TD Banknorth Garden signage at night (2007)
The Boston Bruins' hockey rink prior to a game vs the Montreal Canadiens in 2008 then TD Banknorth Garden TDBanknorthGardenBeforeGame.jpg
The Boston Bruins' hockey rink prior to a game vs the Montreal Canadiens in 2008 then TD Banknorth Garden

During the name auction, only twice were names reported to have been rejected. Kerry Konrad, a New York City lawyer and Yankees fan, won naming rights for March 1 with a bid of $2,300. He proposed the name "Derek Jeter Center" after the New York Yankees shortstop, a stab at fellow Harvard College alumnus and Boston Red Sox fan Jerry Rappaport Jr., with whom he had a 25-year-old rivalry. With the arena located in the home city of the Red Sox, the name did not sit well with the executives and was rejected. An agreement was reached in which Rappaport added $6,300 for a total bid of $8,600, representing the 86 years of the Curse of the Bambino, and named the arena "New Boston Garden, Home of the Jimmy Fund Champions". Fark.com founder Drew Curtis held a contest on his website to name the arena after he bought single-day rights. A user vote resulted in the name of "Fark.com UFIA Center", but the name was rejected because of its inappropriate meaning. The name eventually selected by Curtis and company was "Boston Garden".

In April 2008, TD Banknorth became TD Bank, after a merger with Commerce Bancorp, a New Jersey–based bank. Owner Delaware North Companies announced on April 15, 2009, that the building would be renamed TD Garden in July 2009. [26] [27]

Delaware North and TD Bank announced the extension of the naming rights deal on January 12, 2023, with the rights now extending until June 30, 2045, which would keep the arena's name stable for forty years. The same agreement also saw TD Bank extend their helmet advertising rights for the Bruins acquired at the start of the 2020–21 NHL season, until the end of the 2044–45 NHL season. [9]

Renovations

Then-TD Banknorth Garden taken from new Rose Kennedy Greenway, June 2007 TD Banknorth Garden.jpg
Then-TD Banknorth Garden taken from new Rose Kennedy Greenway, June 2007

Before the 2006–07 season, the TD Garden underwent a major overhaul, installing a new HD entertainment board, with video panels replacing the sideboard scrolling panels when the arena hosted the 2006 Women's Final Four, and see-through shot clocks on the basket stancions, joining the FedExForum, Wells Fargo Center, State Farm Arena, Talking Stick Resort Arena, United Center, Rocket Mortgage FieldHouse, and the Spectrum (this was done before the NBA mandate was installed in 2011). In addition, a vintage siren, just as the original Boston Garden had used, was added to replace the end-of-period horn for hockey only, a feature of the Montreal Canadiens, the Bruins' arch-rivals, at the Montreal Forum (now the Pepsi Forum shopping centre) and the Centre Bell. In 2009, an LED energy efficient lighting system was added to the exterior of the building. The Boston Globe announced a $70 million project upgrade to TD Garden's concourses and Legends Club restaurant, along with technology upgrades and the relocation of a retail shop. Construction occurred in two phases, summer 2014 and then summer 2015. [28]

On January 25, 2013, during a Celtics vs. Knicks game at the Garden, television announcer Marv Albert accused the TD Garden production crew for being one of those arenas that "constantly" use false sound effects and artificial crowd noise to intensify the crowd reactions on nationally televised games (which is very similar to "sweetening" on television); however, the official Twitter account of the Boston Celtics stated that the Celtics have never partaken in the practice. [29] Following their 2011 Stanley Cup Finals win, the Bruins changed their previous Stanley Cup banners to reflect the changes in the team's main jersey logo through time during their past five Cup wins, as the logo adorns the 2011 Cup win's banner. [30]

Just before the 2018–19 series of pre-season NHL games began for the Bruins at TD Garden, the arena's interior overhead lighting was switched to a new LED system which also includes color elements at appropriate times. [31]

Before the 2021–22 NHL season, TD Garden underwent more renovations, adding a new center scoreboard/video screen, along with a new audio system. The new "Hub Vision" system is above 4K UHD resolution, and the main replay screen sizes are almost double of the old ones, at 18 feet by 32.5 feet wide. The unit also features auxiliary screens beneath to allow court/rinkside viewers to look at the board, which measure at 6.5 feet tall by 23 feet wide to cater to those sitting in the first few rows. Above the main boards, are 2 new ring displays. Each ring is 3.5 feet tall, and has a circumference of 179 feet. Hub Vision only has 2 rings above the main screens, unlike the old jumbotron with 2 at the top, and one at the bottom. TD Garden partnered with Clair Global Integration to add Cohesion Series CO10 loudspeakers to help improve the sound system.

This renovation was an extension of TD Garden's Legendary Transformation, which was a $100 million investment from the Jeremy Jacobs family. [32]

Use

Among the non-sporting events hosted by the Garden are concerts, shows, graduations, seminars, Disney on Ice, the circus, and commencement exercises for Northeastern University.

Sports

Celtics in a game vs the Minnesota Timberwolves at the then-TD Banknorth Garden (2009) Celtics game versus the Timberwolves, February, 1 2009.jpg
Celtics in a game vs the Minnesota Timberwolves at the then-TD Banknorth Garden (2009)

The arena is primarily the home venue for the NBA's Boston Celtics and the NHL's Boston Bruins. It has hosted the following events:

While dominant in their previous arena, Boston Garden, the Celtics and Bruins were initially much less successful in their new home as both teams missed the playoffs numerous times and failed to make their league's finals until 2008. Since then, the Celtics made four NBA Finals appearances and won two championships, while the Bruins made three Stanley Cup Finals appearances and won one championship.

Eddie Palladino is the public address announcer for Celtics games, while Steve Forni is the public address announcer for Bruins games. Jim Martin is the former PA announcer for the Bruins as he formerly served for them between 1992 and 2020. Ron Poster is the arena organist.

As the former Boston Garden had from 1954 through 1995 - and the still-standing Matthews Arena had for its start in 1952 - the TD Garden is the home of the annual Beanpot college hockey tournament between the Boston University Terriers, Boston College Eagles, Harvard University Crimson and Northeastern University Huskies. The facility has hosted the 2001 U.S. Figure Skating Championships, the 1996 and 2000 US Gymnastics Trials, and the 1998, 2004, 2015 and 2022 NCAA Men's Frozen Four.

High school championships and tournaments for the Massachusetts Interscholastic Athletic Association are annually hosted at the TD Garden. Events include ice hockey and basketball championships. The Super 8 is one of the popular events that fans and students attend.

The TD Garden, along with the Bell Centre in Montreal, will be a host venue for the NHL 4 Nations Face-Off, an international ice hockey tournament featuring national teams representing the United States, Canada, Sweden and Finland, which will be held from February 12 to 20, 2025. [33]

The Celtics added Red Auerbach's signature on the parquet floor in 2007, and in 2022, they memorialized Bill Russell by adding the No. 6 on the free throw lanes. Both have since moved below the Celtics logo at center court. Boston Field Office Royal Protective Detail (52552769942).jpg
The Celtics added Red Auerbach's signature on the parquet floor in 2007, and in 2022, they memorialized Bill Russell by adding the No. 6 on the free throw lanes. Both have since moved below the Celtics logo at center court.

TD Garden is one of two NBA arenas (along with Kia Center, home of the Orlando Magic) with parquet floors. The Celtics are best known for the tradition of the parquet floor from their Boston Garden years, originally built after World War II because of cost and the scarcity of lumber in that time. The original floor, first used in Boston Arena and later the Boston Garden, was brought over to the then-FleetCenter and remained there for four seasons. A newly refurbished parquet floor, featuring a combination of old and new sections, was then unveiled during the 1999–2000 season, before it was replaced with a new floor prior to the 2015–16 season. [34] Since the 2007–08 season, a signature of long-time Celtics coach Red Auerbach was added to the floor, and prior to the 2022–23 season, Bill Russell's jersey #6 was also added. [35] The Celtics are also the only NBA team to use an oak floor, whereas the other 29 teams use maple floors. [34] In 2023, the Celtics used an alternate court design specific for the NBA in-season tournament, which is a traditional maple floor painted mostly dark green except for the middle strip which is painted light brown. The free-throw lanes and center circle incorporated the NBA Cup trophy for the tournament. [36] For the 2024 NBA Cup, the court used was based on the team's "Statement" alternate uniform, this time incorporating a green gradient painted surface inspired by the iconic parquet floor. [37]

A traditional floor was used in the 2006 NCAA Women's Final Four, the 2009 NCAA Men's East Regional and the 2018 NCAA Men's East Regional (NCAA rules require a special NCAA-specification floor be used for all tournament games). While not yet confirmed, it is likely that the 2024 NCAA Men's East Regional will also use a traditional floor. When the 2012 NCAA Men's East Regional was held at TD Garden, a maple parquet floor was used with the same NCAA-specific design.

From March 28 to April 3, 2016, TD Garden hosted the 2016 World Figure Skating Championships. [38]

In 2021, TD Garden hosted the 2021 Laver Cup in September. The Laver Cup is a men's tennis tournament between teams from Europe and the rest of the world. It was held from 24 until 26 September with Team Europe winning the tournament for the fourth consecutive year. [39]

In June 2024, the Celtics won their NBA-record 18th championship at TD Garden, beating the Dallas Mavericks and celebrating on the home floor. [40]

TD Garden hosted its first WNBA game on August 20, 2024, when the Connecticut Sun played the Los Angeles Sparks. [41]

Boxing

Ricky Hatton began his "American dream" here on May 13, 2006, stepping up to welterweight to fight WBA world champion Luis Collazo. [42]

Gymnastics

On November 13, 2016, the arena hosted the Kellogg's Tour of Gymnastics Champions. [43]

Mixed martial arts

In August 2010, the TD Garden hosted UFC 118: Edgar vs. Penn 2 , which was the first time that the UFC held an event in Boston. [44] UFC president Dana White confirmed that the UFC would return to The Garden on August 17, 2013. [45] [46] The TD Garden hosted UFC Fight Night: Shogun vs. Sonnen , the launch of the new Fox Sports 1 cable channel, on August 17, 2013. This was the second UFC event to take place at the TD Garden. The UFC returned on January 18, 2015, for UFC Fight Night: McGregor vs. Siver , [47] and again on January 17, 2016, for UFC Fight Night: Dillashaw vs. Cruz . [48] On January 20, 2018, the TD Garden hosted UFC 220: Miocic vs. Ngannou . [49] On October 18, 2019, the arena hosted UFC on ESPN: Reyes vs. Weidman . [50] On August 19, 2023, the TD Garden hosted UFC 292: Sterling vs. O'Malley . [51]

Concerts

In film

The TD Garden has been seen/mentioned in movies such as The Town (2010), Knight and Day (2010), Zookeeper (2011), What's Your Number? [52] (2011) and Ted (2012). Parts of the concert footage from the documentary film Celine: Through the Eyes of the World [53] were filmed at TD Garden during Canadian singer Celine Dion’s 2008 shows of her Taking Chances World Tour.

Other events

The FleetCenter (at the time of the photo) hosting the 2004 Democratic National Convention FleetCenterAndZakimBridge20040729.jpg
The FleetCenter (at the time of the photo) hosting the 2004 Democratic National Convention

Comedians such as Bill Burr, Denis Leary, Chris Rock and Louis C.K., among many others, have all performed at the TD Garden during their nationwide tours. Dane Cook did two sellout shows.

WWE professional wrestling events are held in the Garden, which frequently hosts its Raw and SmackDown shows. In addition, the arena has hosted several pay-per-views including WrestleMania XIV, Royal Rumble in 2003 and 2011, SummerSlam in 2006, Survivor Series in 2008, 2013 and 2022's Survivor Series: WarGames (Which introduced the WarGames match to WWE's main roster), Money in the Bank in 2014, TLC in 2015, Hell in a Cell in 2016, and Clash of Champions in 2017. In addition, rival promotion All Elite Wrestling (AEW) held their Blood & Guts and Royal Rampage special episodes of Dynamite and Rampage respectively at the Garden in 2023, as well as Big Business, another special episode of Dynamite, in 2024.

From July 26 to 29, 2004, the TD Garden (then the FleetCenter) was the host of the 2004 Democratic National Convention, in which Massachusetts Senator John Kerry was nominated as the Democratic candidate for the 2004 presidential election. The convention was also famous for then Senator and future President Barack Obama's keynote speech which began the speculation of his running for president in the 2008 presidential election.

The Hub on Causeway

Hub on Causeway construction underway August 2018 Hub on Causeway Construction (August 2018).jpg
Hub on Causeway construction underway August 2018

In May 2013, Delaware North Companies and Boston Properties proposed plans to construct a multi-purpose 3 tower structure on the former site of the original Boston Garden. The complex would encompass 1.87 million square feet (174,000 m2), of which 300,000 square feet (28,000 m2) will be allotted for retail space and 600,000 square feet (56,000 m2) for commercial offices. It will also include 500 residential units, a 200-room hotel (CitizenM Boston North Station), and an 800-space underground parking garage. Construction began in late 2015. The project is being completed in three stages. The first stage is the podium that includes shopping, entertainment, dining, new access to the MBTA North Station Green Line and Orange Line, and a new entrance to the TD Garden and North Station. It also includes an expansion to the existing North Station Garage that sits underneath North Station and the TD Garden. The second phase includes two buildings built on top of the west side of the podium. One building will be apartments, the other a hotel. The third phase is an office building that will sit on top of the east side of the podium. [54]

Community fundraising controversy

In the spring of 2017, a group of local teenagers from the Hyde Square Task Force group investigated the terms of TD Garden's original development agreement, and concluded that its owners had never satisfied a legal requirement to host three fundraisers a year to benefit the agency that oversees Boston's recreational facilities. [55] By mid-August 2017, the Massachusetts governor at the time of the TD Garden's original construction, Bill Weld, reminded Jeremy Jacobs about the deal he had made with the state's government in 1993 concerning the agreement. [16] As a result, in August 2017, the TD Garden agreed to pay the Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation nearly $2 million. [56]

Features

Statue

In May 2010, a bronze statue of Bruins defenseman Bobby Orr, in a flying pose celebrating "The Goal", was unveiled outside the stadium. [57]

Museum

Located in TD Garden is The Sports Museum (also known as "The Sports Museum of New England"). The museum's exhibits focus on the history of various sports in the Boston area, including the Boston Bruins, the Boston Celtics, the New England Patriots, the Boston Red Sox and many more.

Facilities

2005 Hockey East Tournament; then the Fleet Center FleetCenter 2.jpg
2005 Hockey East Tournament; then the Fleet Center

Just as the Boston Garden was, the TD Garden is built on top of Boston's North Station, a major transportation hub. The Commuter Rail waiting area becomes crowded during events due to this design: the fans shared a relatively small area with commuters and several fast food concessions. (There is a concourse on the second floor which is about the same size as the former main ground floor concourse, but this is utilized only as an entryway for the arena.) Work finished on the expanded North Station concourse in early 2007. A new, larger, railway concourse gives railway passengers a waiting area which does not interfere with patrons entering or leaving the Garden.

Connections to the Orange Line and Green Line are near the eastern entrance to the Garden. On January 6, 2019, the North Station pedestrian tunnel was completed which connects North Station to the MBTA, Green and Orange Line Stations. The entrance is located by the North Station East entrance. The Green Line ran on the Causeway Street Elevated in front of the building until a tunnel under it was opened in June 2004. The then-disused Elevated was used as a platform for security forces during the 2004 Democratic National Convention, then demolished slightly afterwards. [58]

See also

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Boston, Massachusetts, is home to several major professional sports franchises. They include the Red Sox (baseball), the Celtics, and the Bruins. The New England Patriots and the New England Revolution play at Gillette Stadium in nearby Foxborough, Massachusetts. Boston is one of eleven U.S. cities to have teams from the five major American professional team sports.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sports in Massachusetts</span>

Sports in Massachusetts have a long history with both amateur athletics and professional teams. Most of the major professional teams have won multiple championships in their respective leagues. Massachusetts teams have won 6 Stanley Cups, 18 NBA Championships, 6 Super Bowls, and 10 World Series. The New England Revolution won the MLS Supporter's Shield in 2021. Early basketball and volleyball was created in Massachusetts, which homes the Basketball Hall of Fame (Springfield), and the Volleyball Hall of Fame (Holyoke). Massachusetts also houses the Cape Cod Baseball League. It is also home to prestigious sports events such as the Boston Marathon and the Head of the Charles Regatta. The Falmouth Road Race in running and the Fitchburg Longsjo Classic in bicycle racing are also very popular events with long histories.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Auerbach Center</span> Sports venue in Boston, Massachusetts

The Auerbach Center is the practice facility for the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s Boston Celtics, located in Boston, Massachusetts. Designed by Elkus Manfredi Architects, in collaboration with Lucinda Loya Interiors, the 160,000-square-foot building is part of a larger mixed-use development being constructed by New Balance at Boston Landing that includes the headquarters of New Balance and that will also include shops, a hotel and the practice facility of the Boston Bruins directly next door.

References

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