Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America | |
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Primate | Metropolitan Saba |
Parishes | 277 |
Language | English, Arabic, Greek, French |
Headquarters |
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Territory | United States and Canada |
Founder | Raphael of Brooklyn |
Origin |
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Recognition | Recognized by Patriarchate of Antioch as official presence in North America |
Members | 74,600 (United States) [1] : 44 |
Official website | antiochian |
Metropolitan of New York and All North America | |
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Archbishopric | |
Eastern Orthodox | |
Incumbent: Metropolitan Saba since February 23, 2023 | |
Location | |
Country | United States of America |
Residence | Englewood, New Jersey |
Information | |
Cathedral | St. Nicholas Antiochian Orthodox Cathedral (Brooklyn) |
This article forms part of the series | ||||||
Eastern Orthodox Christianity in North America | ||||||
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History | ||||||
People | ||||||
Jurisdictions (list) | ||||||
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Monasteries | ||||||
List of monasteries in the United States | ||||||
Seminaries | ||||||
Organizations | ||||||
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The Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America (AOCANA), often referred to in North America as simply the Antiochian Archdiocese, is the jurisdiction of the Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch in the United States and Canada. Originally under the care of the Russian Orthodox Church, the Syro-Levantine Eastern Orthodox Christian immigrants to the United States and Canada were granted their own jurisdiction under the Church of Antioch in the wake of the Bolshevik Revolution. Internal conflicts divided the Antiochian Orthodox faithful into two parallel archdioceses — those of New York and Toledo — until 1975, when Metropolitan Philip (Saliba) became the sole archbishop of the reunited Antiochian Archdiocese. By 2014, the archdiocese had grown to over 275 parish churches. [2] [3]
It is one of three Orthodox Christian jurisdictions in North America to currently practice the liturgical Western Rite as well as the Byzantine Rite, along with the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia and the Orthodox Church in America.
The Antiochian Orthodox followers were originally cared for by the Russian Orthodox Church in America and the first bishop consecrated in North America, Raphael of Brooklyn, was consecrated by the Russian Orthodox Church in America in 1904 to care for the Syro-Levantine Greek Orthodox Christian Ottoman immigrants to the United States and Canada, who had come chiefly from the vilayets of Adana, Aleppo, Damascus, and Beirut (the birthplace of the community's founder, Raphael of Brooklyn).[ citation needed ]
After the Bolshevik Revolution threw the Russian Orthodox Church and its faithful abroad into chaos, the Syro-Levantine Greek Orthodox Christian faithful in North America, simultaneously shaken by the death of their beloved bishop, Raphael, chose to come under the direct care of the Damascus-based Patriarchate of Antioch. Due to internal conflicts, however, the Antiochian Orthodox faithful in North America became divided between two archdioceses, those of New York City and Toledo.[ citation needed ]
In 1975, the two Antiochian Orthodox archdioceses were united as one Archdiocese of North America (now with its headquarters in Englewood, New Jersey). Since then, it has experienced significant growth through ongoing evangelization of North Americans and the immigration of Orthodox Christian Arabs from the Middle East. Its leader from 1966 until 2014 was Metropolitan Philip Saliba. Six other diocesan bishops assisted the metropolitan in caring for the archdiocese, which is the third largest Orthodox Christian jurisdiction in North America, with 74,600 adherents in the United States, 27,300 of whom are regular church attendees. As of 2011, it also has 249 parishes in the United States with two monastic communities. [1]
Metropolitan Philip died in 2014 and was succeeded by Metropolitan Joseph Al-Zehlaoui. [4] Metropolitan Joseph retired in 2022 following allegations of sexual misconduct. [5]
The archdiocese is a participating member of the Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of the United States of America. Metropolitan Joseph served as the body's first vice chairman. [6]
The archdiocese is divided in eight territorial dioceses and one vicariate. Some of the territorial dioceses extend into Canada.
Alongside the eight Byzantine Rite territorial dioceses exists the Western Rite Vicariate, a non-territorial vicariate created from remnants of the Society of Saint Basil in 1961, three years after the Western Rite was approved for use by the archdiocese in 1958. It oversees all Antiochian parishes serving the Roman or Anglican uses of the Western Rite, as opposed to the Byzantine Rite used by the majority of the archdiocese.
Many conservative former Anglicans have turned to the archdiocese as a jurisdiction, some joining and leading Western Rite parishes with liturgy more familiar to Western Christians. The current mission of the Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America is to "bring Orthodoxy to America". Its Department of Missions and Evangelism was chaired by Peter Gillquist who led the mass conversion of the Evangelical Orthodox Church to Eastern Orthodoxy. Gillquist died in July 2012 . The current chairman is John Finley. [7]
The archdiocese also includes Ancient Faith Ministries among its departments, with its well-known Ancient Faith Radio division, an Internet-based radio station with content themed around Orthodox Christianity, including both streaming stations and more than 100 podcasts.
As a result of its evangelism and missionary work, the Antiochian Archdiocese saw significant growth between the mid-1960s and 2012. The archdiocese had only 65 parishes across the United States in the mid-1960s and, by 2011, this number had increased to 249 parishes. [1] : 45
The archdiocese had formerly been a member of the National Council of Churches (NCC), but its archdiocesan convention voted unanimously on 28 July 2005, to withdraw fully from that body, citing increased politicization and a generally fruitless relationship, making it the only major Eastern Orthodox jurisdiction in the United States to take such a step. [8] [9]
While American converts play a substantial role in the life of the archdiocese, being well represented among both clergy and laity, all bishops of the Antiochian Archdiocese are of Levantine descent.[ citation needed ]
The Standing Conference of the Canonical Orthodox Bishops in the Americas (SCOBA) was an organization of bishops from Eastern Orthodox Christian jurisdictions in the Americas. It acted as a clearinghouse for educational, charitable, and missionary work in the Americas. In 2010, it was replaced by the Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of North and Central America.
The Syro-Malankara Catholic Church, also known as the Malankara Syrian Catholic Church, is an Eastern Catholic sui iuris particular church in full communion with the worldwide Catholic Church possessing self-governance under the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches. It is one of the major archiepiscopal churches of the Catholic Church. It is headed by Major Archbishop Baselios Cardinal Cleemis Catholicos of the Major Archdiocese of Trivandrum based in Kerala, India. With more than 1096 parishes, its one of India's biggest church evangelical establishments.
The Archdiocese of America, better known as the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America, is a jurisdiction of the Eastern Orthodox Church under the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople. It was formally constituted in 1922 and has had seven Archbishops. The Archdiocese currently covers the United States and one parish in the Bahamas, and is mostly Greek-American in composition and culture.
The Syro-Malabar Catholic Church is an Eastern Catholic Church based in Kerala, India. It is sui iuris (autonomous) particular Church in full communion with the Pope and the worldwide Catholic Church, including the Latin Church and the 22 other Eastern Catholic Churches, with self-governance under the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches (CCEO). The Church is headed by the Major Archbishop of the Syro-Malabar, Raphael Thattil. The Syro-Malabar Synod of Bishops canonically convoked and presided over by the Major Archbishop constitutes the supreme authority of the Church. The Major Archiepiscopal Curia of the Church is based in Kakkanad, Kochi. Syro-Malabar is a prefix reflecting the church's use of the East Syriac Rite liturgy and origins in Malabar. The name has been in usage in official Vatican documents since the nineteenth century.
The Antiochian Orthodox Archdiocese of Australia, New Zealand and the Philippines is an archdiocese of the Antiochian Orthodox Church, with headquarters in Sydney, Australia. Its current primate is Basilios (Kodseie), Metropolitan of Australia, New Zealand and the Philippines. The archdiocese has approximately 37,500 members.
The Antiochian Western Rite Vicariate (AWRV) is a Western rite vicariate of parishes and missions "that worship according to traditional Western Christian liturgical forms" within the Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America of the Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch.
St. George Antiochian Orthodox Church in Lowell, Massachusetts, is an Eastern Orthodox parish under the jurisdiction of the Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America. St. George Church is one of several Eastern Orthodox Churches in the city of Lowell, along with Holy Trinity, Transfiguration, and St. George.
The Society of Clerks Secular of Saint Basil (SSB) was an organization of Western Rite Orthodox Christians which was absorbed by the Antiochian Orthodox Archdiocese of North America and was later reestablished outside of the bounds of canonical Orthodoxy.
Eastern Orthodoxy in North America represents adherents, religious communities, institutions and organizations of Eastern Orthodox Christianity in North America, including the United States, Canada, Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. Estimates of the number of Eastern Orthodox adherents in North America vary considerably depending on methodology and generally fall in range from 3 million to 6 million.
Western Rite Orthodoxy, also called Western Orthodoxy or the Orthodox Western Rite, are congregations within the Eastern Orthodox tradition which perform their liturgy in Western forms.
The timeline of Eastern Orthodoxy in North America represents a timeline of the historical development of religious communities, institutions and organizations of Eastern Orthodox Christianity in North America.
The Ligonier Meeting was a meeting of twenty-eight or twenty-nine Orthodox Christian hierarchs in North America, specifically those affiliated with SCOBA, held November 30 to December 2, 1994, at the Antiochian Village in Ligonier, Pennsylvania. The bishops met together, held multiple sessions and presentations, and issued two statements, specifically on evangelism and on the notion of American Orthodox Christians being a "diaspora".
Metropolitan Philip (Saliba) (Arabic: فيليب صليبا) (born Abdullah Saliba; 10 June 1931 Abou Mizan, Lebanon – 19 March 2014 Fort Lauderdale, Florida) was the Archbishop of New York, Metropolitan of All North America, and primate of the Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America. He held the position from 1966 until his death in March 2014. His tenure as an Orthodox bishop was the longest serving in American history.
The Antiochian Orthodox Christian Mission in the Philippines is a jurisdiction of the Antiochian Orthodox Church governed by the Antiochian Orthodox Archdiocese of Australia, New Zealand, Philippines, Marianas Island, and All Oceania. It is one of three Orthodox Christian jurisdictions in the Philippines.
Phyletism or ethnophyletism is the principle of nationalities applied in the ecclesiastical domain: in other words, the conflation between church and nation. The term ethnophyletism designates the idea that a local autocephalous church should be based not on a local (ecclesial) criterion, but on an ethnophyletist, national or linguistic one. It was used at the local council held in Constantinople on 10 September 1872 to qualify "phyletist (religious) nationalism", which was condemned as a modern ecclesial heresy: the church should not be confused with the destiny of a single nation or a single race.
Mark Alan Maymon is an archbishop of the Orthodox Church in America and the current Archbishop of Philadelphia and Eastern Pennsylvania.
Antoun (Khouri) of Miami and the Southeast was a diocesan bishop of the Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America.
The American Orthodox Catholic Church (AOCC), or The Holy Eastern Orthodox Catholic and Apostolic Church in North America (THEOCACNA), and sometimes simply the American Orthodox Patriarchate (AOP), was an independent Eastern Orthodox Christian church with origins from 1924–1927. The church was formally created on February 2, 1927 and chartered in the U.S. state of Massachusetts in 1928 with the assistance of Metropolitan Platon Rozhdestvensky of New York; the American Orthodox Catholic Church was initially led by Archbishop Aftimios Ofiesh before his disputed suspension and deposition in 1933.
The Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of the United States of America is an organization of church hierarchs of Eastern Orthodox Churches in United States.
Archbishop Joseph was the Metropolitan of the Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America from July 3, 2014 to September 17, 2022. He was preceded by Metropolitan Philip Saliba. From September 12, 2004, to his election as Metropolitan in 2014, Joseph Al Zehlaoui was the bishop of the Holy Diocese of Los Angeles and the West for the Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America. Metropolitan Joseph was asked to resign by Patriarch John in connection with allegations of clerical misconduct, prior to a meeting with the Patriarch. It was reported that he did not receive any retirement offers, payments or any restitution for the upkeep of the rectory. His resignation was effective immediately, and on September 23, 2022, Patriarch John X (Yazigi) announced his replacement with a temporary operating committee until a new Metropolitan Archbishop of America was elected. Then On Feb. 23, 2023, John X and the Holy Synod of Antioch elected Metropolitan SABA Isper to lead the Archdiocese during its extraordinary session on Feb. 23, 2023, in Balamand, Lebanon.