Araucarites

Araucarites Temporal range: Permian to Eocene ~290–49  Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Lithograph of the holotype specimen of Araucarites ooliticum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Gymnospermae
Division:	Pinophyta
Class:	Pinopsida
Order:	Araucariales
Family:	Araucariaceae
Genus:	† Araucarites Presl 1838
Synonyms
Kaidacarpum Carruthers, 1868

Araucarites is an extinct genus of conifer, used to refer to female conifer cones and cone scales that resemble those of the family Araucariaceae. ^[1] Species assigned to the genus (which may not all belong to Araucariaceae) lived in the Permian to Eocene and have been found worldwide. ^{[2] [3]}

Species

A number of species have been described in Araucarites.

A. aquiensis ^[2]

A. cutchensis ^[4]

A. goepperti ^[2]

A. ooliticum (Carruthers 1868) ^[5] Great Oolite Group, Middle Jurassic, England (originally assumed to be a screw pine (Pandanus), and described as Kaidacarpum ooliticum Carruthers 1868 ^[6] renamed Pandanocarpum ooliticum Zigno (1873) comb nov., assigned to Araucarites by Seward in 1917 ^[7] ) ^{[8] [7] [9]}

A. pachacuteci ^[10]

A. selseyensis ^[11]

References

1. Zijlstra, Gea; Cittert, Han (May 2000). "(1446) Proposal to conserve the name Araucarites C. Presl (Fossil Gymnospermae, Coniferales, Araucariaceae ) against Araucarites Endl. (Fossil Gymnospermae, Coniferales )" . Taxon. 49 (2): 279–280. Bibcode:2000Taxon..49..279Z. doi:10.2307/1223841. ISSN   0040-0262. JSTOR   1223841.
2. "Araucarites Presl 1833 (conifer)". Fossilworks. Macquarie University. 2007. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
3. Upchurch, G. R.; Crane, P. R.; Drinnan, A. N. (1994). "The Megaflora from the Quantico Locality (Upper Albian), Lower Cretaceous Potomac Group of Virginia". Virginia Museum of Natural History. 4: 1–57. Retrieved 23 September 2021.
4. Chinnappa, Ch.; Kavali, Pauline Sabina; Rajanikanth, A.; di Pasquo, Mercedes; Bernardes-de-Oliveira, M. E. C. (2021). "Early Cretaceous Flora from the East Coast Sedimentary Basins of India: Their Chronostratigraphic and Palaeobiogeographic Significance". Mesozoic Stratigraphy of India. Society of Earth Scientists Series. pp. 469–528. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-71370-6_17. ISBN   978-3-030-71369-0. S2CID   240719552.
5. Andrews, H. N. (1970). "Index of Generic Names of Fossil Plants, 1820-1965". Geological Survey Bulletin. 1300: 1. Bibcode:1970usgs.rept....1A. doi: 10.3133/b1300 .
6. Carruthers, W. 1868. "British fossil Pandanaceae." - Geol. Mag. 5: 153-156.  
7. Seward, A.C., 1919. Fossil Plants. IV. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 256-259
8. "Araucarites ooliticum". Paleobiology Database. Retrieved 2025-09-28.
9. Shaolin, Zheng; Lidong, Zhang; Wu, Zhang; Yajun, Yang (April 2008). "A New Female Cone, Araucaria beipoiaoensis sp. nov. from the Middle Jurassic Tiaojishan Formation, Beipiao, Western Liaoning, China and Its Evolutionary Significance". Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition. 82 (2): 266–282. Bibcode:2008AcGlS..82..266Z. doi:10.1111/j.1755-6724.2008.tb00577.x. ISSN   1000-9515. In Europe, some araucarian female cones were found early from the Jurassic of England; Carruthers (1866, 1867) described the cones under the names Aruacarites sphaerocarpus and Kaidacarpum ooliticum. Further cones were reported by Seward (1917) and he amended the earlier taxa to Araucarites ooliticum but these fossils were only compressed forms
10. Martínez, L.C.A.; Pacheco Huacallo, E.; Pujana, R.R.; Padula, H. (June 2020). "A new megaflora (leaves and reproductive structures) from the Huancané Formation (Lower Cretaceous), Peru". Cretaceous Research. 110 104426. Bibcode:2020CrRes.11004426M. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104426. S2CID   213340202.
11. Chandler, M. E. J. (1961). "Post-Ypresian plant remains from the Isle of Wight and the Selsey Peninsula, Sussex". Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Geology. 5 (2): 1–41. doi: 10.5962/p.313863 .