List of notable members
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Armenian National Assembly was the governing body of the Armenian millet in the Ottoman Empire, established by the Armenian National Constitution of 1863. [1]
Tax paying members of the Armenian Gregorian church were given suffrage to elect representatives to the National Assembly, which included 140 yerespokhan, or deputies, 20 of whom were from the clergy. [2] Voters were to elect 140 out of a list of 220. [3]
Constantinople was disproportionately represented in the chamber, as 80 of the lay deputies and all the clergy were elected from the capital. Therefore, despite making up 90% of the Armenian population, those in the provinces were represented by 2/7ths of the assembly. Suffrage was granted to tax paying members of the Gregorian church. Electoral law in the capital saw voters choosing candidates prepared by an electoral council in each quarter of the city. Provincial elections had three stages: voters voted for a provincial assembly which then voted for a list of candidates prepared by local councils. [2]
The National Assembly elected the patriarch and supervised his activities. [3] In addition, a religious council of 12 members, administered monasteries, donations, and hospitals. [4] It also elected a civil assembly of 20 members, which in turn appointed two councils: a judicial council, chaired by a patriarchal vicar, and a council for educational affairs. [5] Other committees are appointed in the areas of finance, expenditures and taxes, social litigation, and other financial and legal matters. [3] Armenians were required to participate in the elections of the patriarch and the community councils through their representatives, as well as to pay taxes in order to preserve and defend their rights. [6]
The National Assembly was a platform which Armenian representatives took to highlight government corruption and abuses by Kurdish tribes. In 1871 a commission of 8 members half lay and half clerical, chaired by the Archbishop of Nicomedia Nerses, researched and reported the abuses and exactions suffered by the Christian populations of Armenia, and proposed the necessary measures to put an end to the state affairs. [7] In 1913, a memorandum was dispatched to the Grand Vizier Mahmud Shevket Pasha on the difficult disposition of the Armenians in the Empire. [8]
The national assembly met into the 1910s, with its last meeting being July 4, 1914. [9]
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The Constitution of the Year VIII was a national constitution of France, adopted on 24 December 1799, which established the form of government known as the Consulate. The coup of 18 Brumaire had effectively given all power to Napoleon Bonaparte, and in the eyes of some, ended the French Revolution.
Erzincan, historically Yerznka, is the capital of Erzincan Province in eastern Turkey. Nearby cities include Erzurum, Sivas, Tunceli, Bingöl, Elazığ, Malatya, Gümüşhane, Bayburt, and Giresun. The city is majority Sunni Turkish with an Alevi Kurdish minority.
Ashot I was an Armenian king who oversaw the beginning of Armenia's second golden age. He was the son of Smbat VIII the Confessor and was a member of the Bagratuni dynasty.
The Armenian National Constitution or Regulation of the Armenian Nation was a constitution in the Ottoman Empire for members of the Gregorian Armenian Millet. Promulgated in 1863, it defined the powers of the Armenian Patriarch, a newly formed Armenian National Assembly, and lay members. This code is still active among Armenian Church in diaspora. The Ottoman Turkish version was published in the Düstur. Other constitutions were promulgated for the Catholic Armenian and the Protestant Armenian millets.
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Jean Paul Louis François Édouard Leuge-Dulaurier was a French Orientalist, Armenian studies scholar and Egyptologist.
Jean-Claude Kebabdjian is an Armenian-French publisher, journalist and author. Since the 1970s he raised awareness of Armenian memory and Armenian culture within the French society and within Europe.
Auguste Carrière was a linguist, grammarian and French historian, specializing in comparative grammar and Armenian culture. He was a professor at the Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales in Paris, and was an advocate of Armenian language studies, establishing an Armenian Chair at the school.
Raymond Haroutioun Kévorkian is a French Armenian historian. He is a Foreign Member of Armenian National Academy of Sciences. Kevorkian has a PhD in history (1980), and is a professor.
Lucien Le Foyer was a French lawyer, pacifist and politician. He played a leading role in French and international pacifist organizations both before the after World War I (1914–18), and after World War II (1939–45). He was also an accomplished poet.
Aparank Monastery or Aparanq, or Holy Cross Aparank, is an Armenian monastery located in modern-day Turkey, Van province near the city of Bahçesaray. It was found within the borders of the historical Armenian province of Mokk.
Victor Langlois was a French historian, archaeologist, professor, numismatist, and orientalist who specialized in the study of the Middle Ages. Langlois was particularly known for his work on Armenian history and culture. He authored more than thirty books on Armenian history.
Jean-Pierre Mahé is a French orientalist, philologist and historian of Caucasus, and a specialist of Armenian studies.
Claire Mouradian is a French historian of Armenian origin who specializes in the history and geopolitics of Caucasus and, more specifically, in the history of Armenia and Armenian diaspora. She explores in her works inter-ethnic relations in the Caucasus region, migration and the position of minorities.
Anahide Ter Minassian born Anahide Kévonian was a French historian of Armenian origin who specialised in modern Armenian history, particularly the pre- and post-Soviet period of Armenian history, and the Armenian revolutionary movement.
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The Council of Shirakavan was a union council held between the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Armenian Apostolic Church, and the Syriac Jacobite Church from April to October 862 in the Armenian city of Shirakavan. The purpose of the council was to seek unity among these three Churches and to clarify the Christological positions upheld by the Armenian Apostolic Church and, to a lesser extent, by the Syriac Jacobite Church.
The Armenian National Delegation is a diplomatic mission and an Armenian organization whose objective is to advocate for the claims of the Armenians of Western Armenia between 1912 and 1925. The organization was established by Georges V Soureniants and initially led by the businessman and diplomat Boghos Nubar Pasha until 1921.
The French branch of the Armenian Relief Committee was established in 1925 to foster closer ties between the Armenian diaspora in France and Soviet Armenia, while also providing support to Armenian communists in France. From its inception in 1925 until its dissolution in 1937, the organization played a pivotal role in shaping the Armenian labor movement in France. It aligned itself with the French Communist Party (PCF) and played a role in publishing and supporting numerous periodicals. It also conducted training programs for activists, notably Missak Manouchian, and claimed up to 3,500 members across France.
The Armenian delegation at the Berlin Congress was a diplomatic mission led by Archbishop Mkrtich Khrimian, whose objective was to advocate for the interests of Ottoman Armenians before the Great Powers following the Russian victory over the Ottoman Empire in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878. This congress marked the inception of the Armenian Question.