Armenians in the Baltic states

Last updated
Armenians in the Baltic states
Total population
5,293 (2011)
Regions with significant populations
Riga, Tallinn, Vilnius, other larger cities
Languages
Armenian, Russian, Baltic languages
Religion
Armenian Apostolic Church
Related ethnic groups
Armenians in Belarus

Armenians in the Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania settled there mostly during the Soviet occupation of the Baltic States, although some of the first settlers arrived during the Russian Empire's rule in the Baltics.

Contents

Country1959197019791989Post-Soviet (Year)
Estonia6486048451,669
1,666 (2021)
Latvia1,0601,5111,9133,069
2,549 (2023)
Lithuania4715089551,655
1,233 (2011)
Baltic states2,1792,6233,7136,3935,663 (2000–2008)

Estonia

According to the year 2000 census, there were 1,444 Armenians living in Estonia. [1] According to the 2011 census, the number of Armenians had decreased slightly to 1,042. [2] In 1989 (according to Soviet 1989 census) the number was 1,669. [3] The majority of Armenians live in Tallinn: 58% in the year 2000. [1]

With the affirmation of Estonia's independence from the Soviet Union in 1991, Soviet-era immigrants and their Estonian-born children were not granted citizenship automatically.

A football club based in Tallinn, FC Ararat Tallinn, is named after the mountain Ararat and has a partnership with the Armenian club FC Ararat Yerevan.

Latvia

Armenians in Latvia number around 5,000 according to armeniandiaspora.com [4] and from 2,014 to 2,549 per official government sources (a decrease from 2,742 reported in 2008). [5] [6] [7] The Armenian Latvian population mainly lives in Riga.

In 1887 a Latvian Armenian Society was established. One Armenian was reported in the Jäger Report as murdered by Einsatzgruppe A in Daugavpils in 1941. [8] In 1990, in the center of Riga a khachkar was set up in gratitude for assistance in the aftermath of the 1988 Armenian earthquake. In 1991, the first issue of the Armenian newspaper "Ararat" was published, with a second revival in 2002. In 2001, the Armenian Community of Riga was officially re-established after being dissolved after the Soviet occupation of Latvia in 1940.

Lithuania

According to the last Lithuanian census of 2011 there were 1,233 [9] Armenians in Lithuania. Armenian organizations put the number around 2,500. [4] According to Soviet 1989 census there are 1,655 Armenians in Lithuania. [10] The Armenians live mainly in Vilnius. The settlement of Armenians in Lithuania, in the distant past of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was of an episodic nature and was due mainly to the needs of trade, although from the historical sources it is known, that Armenian school was established in 16th century Vilnius, Armenian guild in the 16th to 18th centuries Vilnius. [11] One of the most prominent painter of the 19th century in Lithuania was Jan Rustem (Armenian: Յան Ռուստամ). The history of most of the Armenian community now living in Lithuania mainly occurs in the 20th century.

Famous Baltic Armenians

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Kyrgyzstan</span>

The Demographics of Kyrgyzstan is about the demographic features of the population of Kyrgyzstan, including population growth, population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population. The name Kyrgyz, both for the people and the country, means "forty tribes", a reference to the epic hero Manas who unified forty tribes against the Oirats, as symbolized by the 40-ray sun on the flag of Kyrgyzstan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Latvia</span>

Demographic features of the population of the historical territory of Latvia include population density, ethnic background, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Russians in the Baltic states</span> Ethnic group

Russians in the Baltic states is a broadly defined subgroup of the Russian diaspora who self-identify as ethnic Russians, or are citizens of Russia, and live in one of the three independent countries – Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. As of 2021, there were nearly 900,000 ethnic Russians in the three countries, having declined from ca 1.7 million in 1989, the year of the last census during the 1944–1991 Soviet occupation of the three Baltic countries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Karakalpak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</span> 1932–1991 autonomous republic of the Uzbek SSR, Soviet Union

The Karakalpak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, also known as Soviet Karakalpakstan or simply Karakalpakstan, was an autonomous republic within the Soviet Union. Until 20 July 1932, it was called the Karakalpak Autonomous Oblast. On 5 December 1936, it was moved from the Russian SFSR to the Uzbek SSR. It was the only ASSR in Soviet Central Asia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Armenians in Lithuania</span>

Armenians in Lithuania refers to ethnic Armenians living in Lithuania.

Turks in Ukraine are people of Turkish ethnicity living in Ukraine. The first Turkish settlement started during the Ottoman rule of Ukraine. In addition, there has been modern migration to the country largely formed of Meskhetian Turks, followed by immigrants from Turkey and Turkish communities from other post-Ottoman territories, such as Turkish Cypriots from Northern Cyprus.

The Chechen diaspora is a term used to collectively describe the communities of Chechen people who live outside of Chechnya; this includes Chechens who live in other parts of Russia. There are also significant Chechen populations in other subdivisions of Russia.

Turks in Russia, also referred to as Turkish Russians or Russian Turks, refers to people of full or partial ethnic Turkish origin who have either immigrated to Russia or who were born in the Russian state. The community is largely made up of several migration waves, including: descendants of Ottoman-Turkish captives during the Russo-Turkish wars; the Turkish Meskhetian community; and the more recent Turkish immigrants from the Republic of Turkey.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Turks in Kazakhstan</span> Ethnic Turks live in Kazakhstan

Turks in Kazakhstan are ethnic Turks who live in Kazakhstan, mostly from Meskheti after the Deportation of the Meskhetian Turks.

Turks in Uzbekistan are ethnic Turks who live in Uzbekistan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kurds in Azerbaijan</span> Ethnic group

The Kurds in Azerbaijan,, form a part of the historically significant Kurdish population in the post-Soviet space. Kurds established a presence in the Caucasus with the establishment of the Kurdish Shaddadid dynasty in the tenth and eleventh centuries. Some Kurdish tribes were recorded in Karabakh by the end of the sixteenth century. However, virtually the entire contemporary Kurdish population in the Republic of Azerbaijan descends from migrants from 19th-century Qajar Iran.

Turks in the former Soviet Union were a relatively small minority within the Soviet Union when excluding Turks of Azerbaijan, Oguz Turks and other Turkish groups. However, their presence is considered important within Turkology due to the deportation of thousands of Turks from their home countries. Under the Ottoman Empire, Samtskhe-Javakheti was heavily Islamised producing a Turkish ethnicity within the southwestern region of Georgia. In November 1944, up to 120,000 of these Turks were deported to Central Asia under the rule of Joseph Stalin.

Ingiloys are an ethnographic subgroup of Georgians who speak the Ingiloy dialect of Georgian. Ingiloys are indigenous to Saingilo, a cultural and historical region located in the northwest of present-day Azerbaijan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Russians in Azerbaijan</span> Ethnic group in Azerbaijan

Russians in Azerbaijan are the second largest ethnic minority in Azerbaijan and is also the largest Russian community in the South Caucasus and one of the largest outside of Russia. Although in decline, the community still numbers 119,300 people as of 2009. Since their arrival at the beginning of the 19th century, the Russians have played an important role in all spheres of life, particularly during the Czarist and Soviet period, especially in the capital city of Baku.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kurds in Georgia</span> Ethnic group in Georgia

The Kurds in Georgia form a major part of the historically significant Kurdish population in the post-Soviet space, and are members of the eponymous ethnic group that are citizens of Georgia. In the 20th century, most Kurds fled religious persecution in the Ottoman Empire to the Russian Empire. The return of their Kurdish surnames needs effort according to a Kurdish activist in Georgia. The Kurds also have their own schools, school books and a printing press in Georgia. Illiteracy among them disappeared in the early 1900s. Kurds in Georgia are politically neutral; however, in 1999 they staged a huge demonstration in Tbilisi, demanding the release of the founder of the Kurdistan Workers' Party, Abdullah Öcalan. Kurds in Georgia today use Cyrillic script. Earlier, in the 1920s, they used the Latin script.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kurds in Russia</span> Ethnic group in Russia

Kurds in Russia form a major part of the historically significant Kurdish population in the post-Soviet space, with close ties to the Kurdish communities in the Caucasus and Central Asia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kurds in Turkmenistan</span> Ethnic group in Turkmenistan

The Kurds in Turkmenistan form a part of the historically significant Kurdish population in the post-Soviet space, and encompass people born in or residing in Turkmenistan who are of Kurdish origin. In the 17th century, Abbas I of Persia and Nader Shah settled Kurdish tribes from Khuzestan alongside the Iranian-Turkmen border. More Kurds arrived to Turkmenistan in the 19th century to find unclaimed land and to escape starvation.

Azerbaijanis in Kazakhstan are part of the Azerbaijani diaspora. They are Kazakh citizens and permanent residents of ethnic Azerbaijani background. According to the 2009 census, there were 85,292 ethnic Azerbaijanis living in Kazakhstan; Azerbaijanis comprised 0.5% of Kazakhstan's population and were the country's tenth-largest ethnic minority.

Tatars in Azerbaijan are Azerbaijani citizens and people of Tatar origin. According to the 2009 census, 25,882 Tatars live in the Republic of Azerbaijan. This is 0.29% of the total population.

Accurate or reliable data for historical populations of Armenians is scarce, but scholars and institutions have proposed estimates for different periods.

References

  1. 1 2 "Population by ethnic nationality, mother tongue and citizenship". Statistics Estonia. Archived from the original on 2007-06-14. Retrieved 2009-10-15.
  2. "Eestis elab 192 rahvuse esindajaid." Õhtuleht 9-17-2012. (in Estonian)
  3. Демоскоп Weekly - Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года.Национальный состав населения по республикам СССР Archived June 4, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  4. 1 2 ArmenianDiaspora website Archived May 17, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  5. "Population by ethnicity at the beginning of year 1935 - 2023". Oficiālās statistikas portāls stat.gov.lv. Retrieved 2023-06-10.
  6. Latvijasiedzīvotājusadalījumspēcnacionālāsastāvaun valstiskās piederības (Inhabitants of Latvia) by ethniccomposition and citizenshipstatus (01.01.2023.) | Office of CitizenshipandMigrationAffairs - PMLP
  7. Population of Latvia by ethnicity and citizenship, 01.07.2008. Archived 2008-12-03 at the Wayback Machine (in Latvian)
  8. The Jager Report
  9. "2011 Census Results". Department of Statistics to the Government of the Republic of Lithuania (Statistics Lithuania), 2012. Archived from the original on 2012-10-05. Retrieved 2012-09-30.
  10. Демоскоп Weekly - Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года.Национальный состав населения по республикам СССР
  11. History of Armenians in Lithuania (in Lithuanian)