List of Armenian ethnic enclaves

Last updated

New Julfa in Isfahan, Iran: it is still one of the oldest and largest Armenian quarters in the world. Vank Cathedral courtyard.jpg
New Julfa in Isfahan, Iran: it is still one of the oldest and largest Armenian quarters in the world.

This is a list of Armenian ethnic enclaves , containing cities, districts, and neighborhoods with predominantly Armenian population, or are associated with Armenian culture, either currently or historically. [a] Most numbers are estimates by various organizations and media, because many countries simply do not collect data on ethnicity.

Contents

Extant enclaves

Europe

San Lazzaro degli Armeni, located in the Venetian Lagoon, is home to an Armenian Catholic monastery. San Lazzaro degli Armeni, Venice aerial photo 2013.jpg
San Lazzaro degli Armeni, located in the Venetian Lagoon, is home to an Armenian Catholic monastery.
NameTypeLocationTotalArmenians%Ref
Alfortville [3] commune Flag of France.svg Paris, France45,0007,000–9,00015–20% [4]
Issy-les-Moulineaux [5] [6] commune Flag of France.svg Paris, France63,0006,000–6,50010% [7]
San Lazzaro degli Armeni [8] island Flag of Italy.svg Venice, Italy17~100% [9]
Valence commune Flag of France.svg Drôme, France64,4837,50010% [10]
Marseille prefecture Flag of France.svg Bouches-du-Rhône, France873,07680,0009% [11]

Middle East

Syria

There are several Armenian-populated villages in Syria: including Aramo, [12] [13] Al-Ghanimeh (Ghnemieh), [13] [14] Kessab [b] (2,000–2,200) [16] [17] in Latakia; and Yakubiyah in Idlib. [12] Aleppo has the Armenian neighborhoods of Al-Jdayde and Nor Kyough (Midan). [18] [19]

Jordan

Armenians also resettled in al-Ashrafiya, Jordan from 1914, where they constructed an Armenian Apostolic Church and a school in 1962. [20]

other countries
NameTypeLocationTotalArmenians %Ref
Anjar [21] town Flag of Lebanon.svg Zahlé, Lebanon2,400–6000~100% [22] [23]
Antelias city Flag of Lebanon.svg Metn, Lebanon16,0003,200–4,000~20% [3]
Armenian Quarter quarter Flag of Israel.svg Old City, Jerusalem [c] 2,424500–1,00021–41% [24] [25] [26]
Beirut city Flag of Lebanon.svg Beirut, Lebanon430,00051,600~12% [27]
Bourj Hammoud [28] [29] city Flag of Lebanon.svg Metn, Lebanon150,000110,00073% [30] [31]
Bzoummar village Flag of Lebanon.svg Keserwan District,Lebanon70030042% [32]
Mezher villiage Flag of Lebanon.svg Beirut, Lebanon1,000~100% [33]
New Julfa [34] quarter Flag of Iran.svg Isfahan, Iran10,000–12,000— [35]
Zarneh (Boloran)village Flag of Iran.svg Isfahan Province, Iran61 [36] 61100% [37] [38]
Vakıflı village Flag of Turkey.svg Hatay, Turkey135~100% [39]


Post-Soviet states

Georgia

Javakheti (Javakhk) shown in red on the map of Georgia with Samtskhe-Javakheti provincial borders outlined. Akhalkalaki and Ninotsminda districts.png
Javakheti (Javakhk) shown in red on the map of Georgia with Samtskhe-Javakheti provincial borders outlined.
NameTypeLocationTotalArmenians %Ref
Avlabari (Havlabar) [40] [41] neighborhoodFlag of Tbilisi.svg Tbilisi
Javakheti (Javakhk)province Samtskhe-Javakheti 95,28090,37394.8% [42]
Abkhazia [d]

As of 2004, there were "around 50-60 Armenian villages" in Abkhazia. [43] According to the 2011 Abkhazian census, Armenians formed the majority of the population of the Sukhumi District (6,467 Armenians, 56.1% of the total 11,531), and plurality in Gulripshi District (8,430 Armenians or 46.8% of 18,032) and Gagra District (15,422 Armenians or 38.3% of 40,217). [44]

Russia

The proportion of Armenians in the municipality of Sochi, Russia by settlements Rasselenie armian v gorodskom okruge Sochi po gorodskim i sel'skim poseleniiam, v %25.png
The proportion of Armenians in the municipality of Sochi, Russia by settlements
NameTypeLocationTotalArmenians %Ref
Adlersky City District raionFlag of Krasnodar Krai.svg Sochi, Krasnodar Krai 138,57244,000–80,00032%–58% [45] [46] [47]
Edissiya [48] villageFlag of Stavropol Krai.svg Stavropol Krai 5,6575,37792.7% [49]
Gaikodzor villageFlag of Krasnodar Krai.svg Anapsky District, Krasnodar Krai
Karabagly villageFlag of Dagestan.svg Dagestan 723~40056% [50] [51]
Myasnikovsky District raion Flag of Rostov Oblast.svg Rostov Oblast 39,63122,10856% [52]
Proletarsky raion (former Nakhichevan-on-Don) [53] [54] city raionFlag of Rostov Oblast.svg Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast 122,17410,0088% [55]
Tuapsinsky District raionFlag of Krasnodar Krai.svg Krasnodar Krai62,40013,70022% [56]

Ukraine

NameTypeLocationTotalArmenians %Ref
Aykavan [57] villageFlag of Crimea.svg Crimea [e] 160~100% [58]

United States

NameTypeLocationTotalArmenians %Ref
Glendale [59] city Flag of California.svg Los Angeles County, California 220,000100,00045% [60]
Little Armenia [61] neighborhood Flag of California.svg Los Angeles, California21,600— [62]
Watertown [63] [64] city Flag of Massachusetts.svg Boston, Massachusetts 33,0002,700–8,0008%–25% [65] [66]

Extinct enclaves

Armenian Church in Armanitola, Dhaka aarmeniy'aan girjaar paarshbdRshy.jpg
Armenian Church in Armanitola, Dhaka
Holy Trinity Cathedral in Gherla Szamosujvar, ormeny katolikus szekesegyhaz 2022 03.jpg
Holy Trinity Cathedral in Gherla
NameTypeCurrent locationPeriodArmenian population & %(date)Ref
Armanitola neighborhood Flag of Bangladesh.svg Dhaka, Bangladesh18th century [67]
Armen Seferneighborhood Flag of Ethiopia.svg Addis Ababa, Ethiopiaearly 20th century [68]
Ghala and Lilava
(Armanestān)		neighborhood Flag of Iran.svg Tabriz, Iran19th century6,000 (c. 1900) [69] [70] [71]
Ermenikend quarter Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Nasimi raion, Baku, Azerbaijan19th-20th centuries
Nərimanov raion city district Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Baku, Azerbaijanmid-20th century27.6–47.6% (1939–79) [72] [73] [74] [75]
Gherla (Armenopolis)city Flag of Romania.svg Cluj County, Romania17th century43.48% (1850) [76]
Kınalıada island Flag of Turkey.svg Istanbul, Turkey19th-20th centuries35,000 (seasonal)
65–95%		 [77] [78] [79] [80]
Kizlyar town Flag of Russia.svg Dagestan, Russialate 19th century3,523 (48%) (1897) [81]
Kumkapı [82] [83] quarter Flag of Turkey.svg Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
Nakhichevan-on-Don city Flag of Russia.svg Rostov-on-Don, Russia1778–192830–58.7% (1897) [84] [85]
Old Armenian Town neighborhood Flag of the United States.svg Fresno, California, United Statesc. 1900—1950s [86]
Yettem settlement Flag of the United States.svg Tulare County, California, United Statesc. 1900—1920s500 (100%) (1920) [87] [88]

Central Asia

NameTypeCurrent locationPeriodArmenian population & %(date)Ref
Ashgabat town Flag of Turkmenistan.svg Turkmenistan late 19th to early 20th century13.53% (1926) [89]
Türkmenbashy town Flag of Turkmenistan.svg Turkmenistan late 19th to early 20th century12.99% (1897) [89]
Merv town Flag of Turkmenistan.svg Turkmenistan late 19th to early 20th century8.00% (1897) [89]
Gyzylarbat town Flag of Turkmenistan.svg Turkmenistan late 19th to early 20th century10.00% (1897) [89]

Ukraine and Moldova (formerly Poland and Crimea)

Surb Sarkis church in Feodosia Tserkva Sv. Sergiia 3.jpg
Surb Sarkis church in Feodosia
Surp Khach Monastery in Staryi Krym S-krim-5127.jpg
Surp Khach Monastery in Staryi Krym
Bell tower of Armenian Saint Nicholas church in Kamianets-Podilskyi Kam'ianets'-Podil's'kii Bashta dzvinitsia virmens'kogo kostelu 1.jpg
Bell tower of Armenian Saint Nicholas church in Kamianets-Podilskyi
NameTypeCurrent locationPeriodArmenian population & %(date)Ref
Feodosia (Kaffa)cityFlag of Crimea.svg Crimea [e] 15th century46,000 (65%) (1470s) [90]
Staryi Krym townFlag of Crimea.svg Crimea [e] 471 (43.4%) (1863) [91]
Lwów [f] city Flag of Ukraine.svg Lviv Oblast, Ukraine14th–18th centuries2,500 (minority) (1633) [92] [93]
Kamieniec Podolski [f] city Flag of Ukraine.svg Khmelnytskyi Oblast, Ukraine14th–18th centuriesMinority [92]
Jazłowiec [f] town Flag of Ukraine.svg Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine16th–18th centuriesMinority [94]
Śniatyn [f] town Flag of Ukraine.svg Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine17th–18th centuriesMinority [94]
Brody [f] town Flag of Ukraine.svg Lviv Oblast, Ukraine17th–18th centuriesMinority [94]
Stanisławów [f] town Flag of Ukraine.svg Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine17th–18th centuriesMinority [94]
Żwaniec [f] town Flag of Ukraine.svg Khmelnytskyi Oblast, Ukraine17th–18th centuriesMinority [94]
Łysiec [f] town Flag of Ukraine.svg Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine17th–18th centuriesMinority [94]
Horodenka [f] town Flag of Ukraine.svg Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine17th–18th centuriesMinority [94]
Brzeżany [f] town Flag of Ukraine.svg Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine17th–18th centuriesMinority [94]
Tyśmienica [f] town Flag of Ukraine.svg Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine17th–18th centuriesMinority [94]
Obertyn [f] town Flag of Ukraine.svg Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine18th centuryMinority [94]
Mohylów Podolski [f] town Flag of Ukraine.svg Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine18th centuryMinority [94]
Józefgród [f] town Flag of Ukraine.svg Odesa Oblast, Ukraine18th centuryMinority [94]
Raszków [f] town Flag of Moldova.svg Transnistria, Moldova18th centuryMinority [94]

Georgia and the adjacent Governorates of the Russian Empire

NameTypeRegionPeriodArmenian population & %(date)Ref
Sighnaghi town Flag of Georgia.svg Kakheti 19th century96% (c. 1836) [95]
Telavi town Flag of Georgia.svg Kakheti 19th century81% (c. 1836) [95]
Gori town Flag of Georgia.svg Shida Kartli 19th century58.25% (c. 1873) [96]
Sololaki neighborhood Flag of Georgia.svg Tbilisi 19th centuryMinority [97]
Batumi town Flag of Georgia.svg Adjara Late 19th century24% (c. 1897) [98]
Oni town Flag of Georgia.svg Racha Late 19th century13.78% (c. 1897) [99]
Artvin town Flag of Turkey.svg Artvin province Late 19th century65.52% (c. 1897) [100]
Dusheti town Flag of Georgia.svg Mtskheta-Mtianeti 19th centuryMajority [101]
Zaqatala town Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Zaqatala Late 19th century46.5% (c. 1897) [102]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ This article only lists ethnic enclaves in the Armenian diaspora. Many sources describe Nagorno-Karabakh as an Armenian ethnic enclave, [1] [2] which it was during most of its existence as the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast (1923–91), when it did not border Soviet Armenia. Since the end of the 1988–94 war, the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (NKR) has been largely integrated with Armenia and the two today de facto function as a single entity. However, the NKR remains internationally unrecognized and is regarded by all UN members as de jure part of Azerbaijan.
  2. ↑ The Armenian population of Kessab was forced out in March 2014, during the Syrian Civil War. [15]
  3. ↑ The status of Jerusalem is disputed between Israel and the State of Palestine, but the Old City is de facto administered by Israel.
  4. ↑ Abkhazia is de jure recognized as part of Georgia by most countries, however, it is de facto independent.
  5. 1 2 3 The Crimean Peninsula is disputed between Russia and Ukraine and is de facto part of Russia, but remains (for the most part) internationally recognized as de jure part of Ukraine. For more, see Political status of Crimea.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 The city was home to one of Armenian communes in the Kingdom of Poland. For more information see: Armenians in Poland

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References

  1. ↑ Noel, Sid, ed. (2005). From Power Sharing to Democracy: Post-conflict Institutions in Ethnically Divided Societies. Montréal: McGill-Queen's University Press. p. 279. ISBN   9780773529489. ...an Armenian ethnic enclave (Nagorno-Karabakh)...
  2. ↑ Barry, Ellen (24 June 2011). "Azerbaijan and Armenia Fail to End Enclave Dispute". New York Times . ...Nagorno-Karabakh, an Armenian enclave...
  3. 1 2 This New York Times article calls Alfortville "an Armenian neighborhood": "15 are hurt in Paris by 3 explosions in an Armenian neighborhood". New York Times . 4 May 1984.
  4. ↑ "Les Arméniens en France". La Croix (in French). 15 February 2015. Archived from the original on 21 January 2021. La ville d'Alfortville (Val-de-Marne), surnommée la « petite Arménie », est l'une des plus représentatives, avec 7 000 à 9 000 membres parmi plus de 45 000 habitants.
  5. ↑ Dubouis, Kevin (18 April 2013). "Dubouis: Revoking Denial of Pride". The Armenian Weekly . ...the Armenian district of Issy-les-Moulineaux...
  6. ↑ Tenaglia, Adelaïde (27 July 2022). "Issy-les-Moulineaux, la petite Arménie des Hauts-de-Seine". Les Echos (in French). Archived from the original on 29 July 2022.
  7. ↑ Lenhardt, Marjorie (6 February 2019). "Issy-les-Moulineaux, village arménien depuis 1920". Le Parisien (in French). Archived from the original on 24 January 2021.
  8. ↑ Saryan, Levon A. (11 July 2011). "A Visit to San Lazzaro: An Armenian Island in the Heart of Europe". The Armenian Weekly .
  9. ↑ Cole, Teresa Levonian (31 July 2015). "San Lazzaro degli Armeni: A slice of Armenia in Venice". The Independent . Archived from the original on 3 November 2017. Today, just 12 vardapets (learned monks) and five novices remain...
  10. ↑ "Construction of new Armenian school in France launches in Valence". horizonweekly.ca. 2017-11-27. Retrieved 2024-09-22.
  11. ↑ "Citoyenneté et intégration: Marseille, modèle d'intégration?". 2004-09-28. Archived from the original on 2004-09-28. Retrieved 2024-09-22.
  12. 1 2 Zaman, Amberin (8 April 2014). "Turkey losing propaganda war over Syrian Armenians". Al-Monitor . ...Kassab along with a few other Armenian villages — Aramo, Ghnemieh and Yacoubieh...
  13. 1 2 Cholakian, Hagop (18 June 2012). "Latin Rite Roman Catholics of Armenian Descent in Syria". Noravank Foundation. ...the Armenian populated villages Aramo, Ghnemiye and Arpali...
  14. ↑ "Armenian Populated Village in Latakia Liberated". Asbarez . 22 January 2016.
  15. ↑ Manjikian, Lalai (25 March 2014). "Kessab: Deep Roots Under Attack". The Armenian Weekly . The predominantly Armenian enclave of Kessab is now emptied of its Armenian population that has been there for hundreds of years, after rebel forces descended on the region from Turkey.
  16. ↑ Sherlock, Ruth (14 April 2014). "Turkey 'aided Islamist fighters' in attack on Syrian town". The Daily Telegraph . Almost all of the villages approximately 2,000 inhabitants had fled.
  17. ↑ Gilbert, Ben (7 May 2014). "Taking Refuge: Armenian Family Exiled For Third Time In Century". Al Jazeera. ...mostly Armenian Christian village of Kassab (population 2,200)...
  18. ↑ "Aleppo Under Fire: The Ruins of Armenian Neighborhoods". The Armenian Weekly . 5 June 2014. ...the predominantly Armenian neighborhoods of Nor Kyough (Meedan)...
  19. ↑ Arnold, David (24 September 2012). "In Battle for Aleppo, Armenians Seek Neutral Ground". Middle East Voices. Voice of America. ...the Armenian neighborhood of al-Midan...
  20. ↑ "Aleksander Lapshin shares story about "Little Armenia in Jordan"". news.am . Retrieved 14 November 2023.
  21. ↑ Kahana, Ephraim; Suwaed, Muhammad (2009). Historical Dictionary of Middle Eastern Intelligence. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. p.  179. ISBN   9780810863026. ...Anjar, an Armenian village in the Bekaa Valley.
  22. ↑ "Mapping Lebanon: Data and statistics". L'Orient Today. 10 May 2022.
  23. ↑ "Geography & Demographics of Anjar". Anjar Online. Archived from the original on 17 May 2014. Nowadays, approximately 2400 people, 99.99% of them Armenians, live in Anjar.
  24. ↑ Beltran, Gray (9 May 2011). "Torn between two worlds and an uncertain future". Columbia University. Archived from the original on 30 May 2014. Today, about 500 Armenians live in the Armenian Quarter.
  25. ↑ "The Armenian Quarter". Jewish Virtual Library . Archived from the original on 13 April 2014. Currently, about one thousand Armenians live in the Armenian Quarter.
  26. ↑ "Old City Population Distribution and Density". Jerusalem Old City: Urban Fabric and Geopolitical Implications (PDF). Jerusalem: International Peace and Cooperation Center. 2009. p. 22. ISBN   978-965-7283-16-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-09-28.
  27. ↑ "التوزيع حسب المذاهب للناخبين/ناخبات في محافظة بيروت في لبنان". إعْرَفْ لبنان. Retrieved 2024-11-15.
  28. ↑ Healy, Chris; Muecke, Stephen (2008). Cultural Studies Review. Melbourne University Publishing. p.  102. ISBN   9780522855081. ...in the Armenian neighborhood of Bourj Hammoud...
  29. ↑ Worth, Robert F. (May 25, 2009). "In Lebanon's Patchwork, a Focus on Armenians' Political Might". The New York Times . The Beirut neighborhood of Bourj Hamoud is a kind of miniature Armenia, with shop signs written in Armenian script and a dense, familial culture of working-class shops, homes and restaurants.
  30. ↑ Anthropological Quarterly. 46–47. Catholic University of America Press: 73. 1973. Of the estimated 180,000 Armenians in Lebanon, 110,000 are concentrated in the Bourj-Hammoud and Dora quarters of Greater Beirut.{{cite journal}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)[ verification needed ]
  31. ↑ "Local authorities taking account of the major urban risks "From a case study to a global approach" The example of the City of Bourj Hammoud, Lebanon" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-05-02. Retrieved 2014-06-08. The city ... has a population of almost 150,000 hab.
  32. ↑ "Mapping Lebanon: Data and statistics". L'Orient Today. 10 May 2022.
  33. ↑ "التوزيع حسب المذاهب للناخبين/ناخبات في بلدة المجذوب و مزهر، قضاء المتن الشمالي محافظة جبل لبنان في لبنان". إعْرَفْ لبنان. Retrieved 2024-11-15.
  34. ↑ Canby, Sheila R. (2009). Shah ʻAbbas: the remaking of Iran. London: British Museum Press. p. 64. ISBN   9780714124520. Called New Julfa, this area remains the Armenian quarter of Isfahan to this day.
  35. ↑ Petrosyan, David (1998). Армянская община в Иране (in Russian). Institute for Central Asian and Caucasian Studies. ...еще 10-12 тысяч - в Исфагане (армяне называют его Новой Джугой)...
  36. ↑ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)" (Excel). Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original on 2011-09-20.
  37. ↑ "Հայոց Ցեղասպանութեան 100-րդ տարելիցին նւիրւած միջոցառումներ՝ Փերիոյ գաւառի Բոլորան գիւղում". Alik (in Armenian). 31 May 2015. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Գիւղում ամբողջութեամբ հայեր են բնակւում...
  38. ↑ Grigorian, H. (1976). "Բոլորան, Զառնե [Boloran, Zarne]". Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia Volume 2 (in Armenian). Yerevan. p.  512.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  39. ↑ Kanbolat, Hasan (2 October 2012). "Syrian Conflict Taking Toll on Turkey's Last Armenian Village". Al-Monitor. Vakifli, a village in Hatay province, is Turkey's sole remaining Armenian village. Home to just 135 people...
  40. ↑ Zenian, David (1 September 1992). "Havlabar: A Little Armenia on the hill". AGBU News Magazine.
  41. ↑ Hakobyan, Julia (28 September 2007). "Havlabar: Armenian community in Tbilisi pays the price of urbanization". ArmeniaNow .
  42. ↑ "Ethnic Groups by Major Administrative-territorial Units" (PDF). National Statistics Office of Georgia.
  43. ↑ Tchilingirian, Hratch. "The Armenian community in Abkhazia Today". Armenian Reporter International. Archived from the original on 30 May 2014. There are now around 50-60 Armenian villages in Abkhazia...
  44. ↑ "Итоги переписи населения Республики Абхазия 2011 года [Results of census of Republic of Abkhazia in 2011]" (in Russian). Sukhumi: Abkhazian Office of State Statistics.
  45. ↑ Schreck, Carl (5 May 2006). "Sochi's Armenian Diaspora Weeps". The Moscow Times . Archived from the original on 30 May 2014. ...Sochi's Adler district, home to about 80,000 ethnic Armenians...
  46. ↑ Rakachev, Vadim. "Этнодемографические изменения а Краснодарском Крае, 1989-1999 годы [Ethnodemographic changes in Krasnodar Krai in 1989-1999]" (in Russian). Archived from the original on 25 May 2014. Обращает на себя внимание резкий рост армянского населения в Сочи и, в частности, в Адлерском районе, где оно увеличилось на 17,5% и составило 31,8% к общему количеству жителей района.
  47. ↑ "Оценка численности населения на 1 января 2014 года по муниципальным образованиям Краснодарского края [Estimated population on January 1, 2014 by the municipalities of Krasnodar Region]" (in Russian). Russian Federal State Statistics Service. 15 April 2014. Archived from the original on 14 June 2014.
  48. ↑ Армяне Ставропольского края отметили 210-летие села Эдиссия (in Russian). Caucasian Knot. 2 September 2007. ...армянского поселения Эдиссия - одного из старейших армянских поселений на Юге России.
  49. ↑ "Том 3 книга 1 "Национальный состав и владение языками, гражданство"; таблица 4 "Национальный состав населения Ставропольского края по городским округам, муниципальным районам, городским населенным пунктам, сельским населенным пунктам с численностью населения 3000 человек и более"". Archived from the original on 2017-08-05. Retrieved 2014-06-08.
  50. ↑ "Численность населения на 1 января 2014 года по сельским поселениям Республики Дагестан". Archived from the original on 2014-04-07. Retrieved 2014-06-08.
  51. ↑ Данные Всероссийской переписи населения 2002 года: таблица 02c. М.: Федеральная служба государственной статистики, 2004.
  52. ↑ Итоги всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года по Ростовской области: Национальный состав и владение языками, гражданство (PDF) (in Russian). Russian Federal State Statistics Service. pp. 260–261. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2014-06-08.
  53. ↑ Hewsen, Robert H. (2001). Armenia: A Historical Atlas. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 280. ISBN   0-226-33228-4. In time, Nor Nakhichevan was engulfed by the growth of Rostov, and it now amounts to a kind of Armenian quarter within the city...
  54. ↑ "Историческая справка Пролетарского района города Ростова-на-Дону". rostov-gorod.ru (in Russian). Official portal City Duma and City Administration Rostov-on-Don. Archived from the original on 1 June 2021. ...в 1929 году на территории Нахичевани был образован один из крупнейших в городе - Пролетарский район.
  55. ↑ "Итоги Всероссийской Переписи Населения 2010 Года по Ростовской Области: Том 4 Национальный Состав и Владение Языками, Гражданство" (PDF). rostov.gks.ru (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service of Russia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 January 2021.
  56. ↑ ""Асимметричные" Точки Опоры Армении На Ее Диаспоральные Ресурсы По Периметру Черного Моря".
  57. ↑ Маленькая Армения в Крыму. podrobnosti.ua (in Russian). 27 June 2008.
  58. ↑ Трудовской сельский совет (in Russian). Website of the Simferopol district of the State Administration of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. Archived from the original on 2014-06-12.
  59. ↑ Bittman, Mark (4 July 2013). "This Armenian Life". New York Times . Among those cities is Glendale ... a center of the Armenian diaspora and home to one of the world's largest Armenian populations outside Armenia.
  60. ↑ Elliott, Raffi (June 19, 2019). "Glendale Mayor Takes Over Armenia's Diaspora Affairs". The Armenian Weekly . Archived from the original on 26 November 2020. Zareh Sinanyan: "In Glendale, I was mayor for 220 thousand people (including 100 thousand Armenians)..."
  61. ↑ "Part of East Hollywood Is Designated 'Little Armenia'". Los Angeles Times . 7 October 2000.
  62. ↑ "Little Armenia neighborhood in Los Angeles, California (CA), 90027, 90029 detailed profile". City-Data. Population: 21,600
  63. ↑ Howe, Jeff (20 April 2013). "Captured in Watertown". The New Yorker . ...Watertown is one of the largest Armenian enclaves in the U.S...
  64. ↑ Kevonian, Tamar. "Finding the Passion". Asbarez . ... Boston ... Watertown, the Armenian enclave of the city...
  65. ↑ Watertown in Armeniapedia.org
  66. ↑ Armenians in Watertown, MA in Hayk the Ubiquitous Armenian
  67. ↑ Lawson, Alastair (10 January 2003). "The mission of Dhaka's last Armenian". BBC News.
  68. ↑ Sevadjian, R. P. (6 May 2015). "Remembering the Armenians of Ethiopia". Armenian Weekly.
  69. ↑ Amurian, A.; Kasheff, M. (1986). "ARMENIANS OF MODERN IRAN". Encyclopaedia Iranica. The Armenian diocese of Azerbaijan has its center in Tabrīz (Arm. Dawrēz), the largest town in the province and the administrative capital of eastern Azerbaijan, which had a thriving Armenian community of about 6,000 souls at the turn of the century. Armenians were concentrated in the two neighborhoods of Ḡala (Arm. Berdaṭʿał) and Lilava, collectively called Armanestān [...]
  70. ↑ Shahvar, Soli. (2009). Forgotten Schools: The Baha'is and Modern Education in Iran, 1899-1934. I.B.Tauris. p. 42 "Tabriz had an elementary school and a kindergarten in each of the two Armenian districts of the city (Gala and Lilava) (...)"
  71. ↑ Berberian, Houri (2001). Armenians and the Iranian Constitutional Revolution of 1905-1911. Westview Press. "[...) in the predominantly and at times exclusively Armenian towns of Ghala and Lilava."
  72. ↑ Город Баку: 1939 (in Russian). 1939.
  73. ↑ Город Баку: 1959 (in Russian). 1939.
  74. ↑ Город Баку: 1970 (in Russian). 1939.
  75. ↑ Город Баку: 1979 (in Russian). 1939.
  76. ↑ Steve Kokker; Cathryn Kemp (2004). Romania & Moldova . Footscray, Victoria: Lonely Planet. p.  159. ISBN   9781741041491. Gherla Once a predominantly Armenian settlement called Armenopolis in the 17th century...
  77. ↑ Schleifer, Yigal (July 19, 2007). "Turkey: Religious Minorities Watch Closely as Election Day Approaches". EurasiaNet. Archived from the original on 20 May 2020. Kinali, one of the smaller islands, is a favorite among Istanbul's Armenians.
  78. ↑ Schleifer, Yigal (July 28, 2005). "Istanbul's isle of diversity". The Christian Science Monitor. Archived from the original on 21 September 2019. Tiny Kinali, once home to a bustling summertime Armenian community.
  79. ↑ Goltz, Thomas (1989). Istanbul. Insight Guide. p. 175. Its population was at least two-thirds Armenian ever since two Armenian worthies bought the island...
  80. ↑ Zenian, David (November 1, 1993). "The Armenian Community: What Makes It Tick". AGBU Magazine. Archived from the original on 29 February 2020. ...on Kinali Island, a resort where almost 95 percent of the seasonal population of 35,000 were Armenians...
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  82. ↑ Schäfers, Marlene (26 July 2008). "Managing the difficult balance between tourism and authenticity: Kumkapı". Hürriyet Daily News . Archived from the original on 2013-06-03. Kumkapı, since then, has been dominated by Armenians and Greeks. Over the centuries, the quarter's population retained this ethnic-linguistic characteristic—in fact, as late as the 1950s, Kumkapı was still known as an Armenian quarter. Starting in the 1960s, however, Kumkapı's Armenian population began to decrease, with people moving abroad to Europe or America or simply to other quarters of the city, like Samatya, Yeniköy or Bakırköy.
  83. ↑ Nahai, Gina B. (2000). Moonlight on the Avenue of Faith. New York: Washington Square Press. p.  219. ISBN   9780671042837. Istanbul's Armenian ghetto, the Kumkapi bordered the wholesale fish market and was populated almost entirely by Armenians.
  84. ↑ (in Russian) Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897 г. Распределение населения по родному языку и уездам 50 губерний Европейской России As of 1897, the total population was 28,427, Armenians composed 29.1% of the population with 8,277 people
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  86. ↑ "Holy Trinity Armenian Apostolic Church (1914)". Historicfresno.org. A Guide to Historic Architecture in Fresno, California. Archived from the original on 6 September 2016.. Adapted from the National Register of Historic Places nomination, originally prepared by Robby Antoyan.
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  88. ↑ Melkonian, Markar (2007). "The Fool's Dream: The Fall of Another New Eden and the Utopian Appeal of Ethnic Solidarity". Utopian Studies . 18 (2): 223–235. doi: 10.5325/utopianstudies.18.2.0223 . JSTOR   20719865. S2CID   149522631.
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