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Aviation in Austria involves the transport of aircraft in Austria, which has had to navigate some difficult historical and legal junctures, but largely has prospered since 1955.
At the end of 1783 Alois von Beck Widmanstätten experimented with hot air balloons, with the first outdoor experiments in 1784. [ citation needed ]
The first fatal ballooning incident occurred on 26 December 1911, with Lieutenant Wilhelm Werner near Gmunden.[ citation needed ]
Around 1912 physicist Victor Francis Hess made a series of balloon flights, to measure background radiation. The flights went up to five miles high. Up to around half a mile, radiation decreased, but at three miles high, radiation doubled. In 1936 he jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of cosmic rays.[ citation needed ]
Josef Emmer (14 April 1912 - 1985) would make many high-altitude flights, taking the world record in September 1937 at 9,374 metres, which would last until 19 July 1961.[ citation needed ]
In 1911 during Austrian Flight Week, the first air passengers were carried in an airship.[ citation needed ]
Igo Etrich developed gliding in Austria. On 6 October 1906 the first manned glider flight took place in Austria. The glider was developed from the Alsomitra macrocarpa species of plant.
On 2 June 1909 the first airfield, with hangars, was built. After a few short attempts at powered flight lasting tens of metres, the first true flight took place on 29 November 1909. The next aircraft, the Etrich Taube, took off on 6 April 1910. The first long cross-country flight occurred on 17 May 1910 by Karl Illner, taking 32 minutes.[ citation needed ]
The Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919), in September 1919, prohibited the construction of powered aircraft in Austria. This was lifted in 1928.[ citation needed ]
Otto Eberhardt Patronenfabrik produced aircraft from the mid-1930s. From 1938, some Austrian aircraft works were making the Messerschmitt Bf 109.[ citation needed ]
The Austrian State Treaty, on 15 May 1955, now restored aviation to Austria. The first Austrian aircraft built after the Second World War was designed by Otto Kauba, the OFW OK-15, which flew on 16 July 1956.[ citation needed ]
One of the first powered Austrian aircraft after the war was the Oberlerchner JOB 15, flown on 20 October 1958, made in Carinthia.[ citation needed ]
The first Austrian military aircraft was an Etrich Taube, on 2 April 1911. There was largely no training available for military pilots in Austria, so military pilots trained in Germany.[ citation needed ]
The Treaty of Trianon was signed in June 1920, and prohibited Austria from having an air force.[ citation needed ]
Five Fiat CR.20 aircraft were acquired in 1933. By March 1938 there were two units, with 36 Fiat CR.32 aircraft.[ citation needed ]
An Austrian Air Force was planned for 1939, but the country was annexed by Germany.[ citation needed ]
After World War II, much aviation was largely banned in Austria. In the late 1940s, model aircraft flying was allowed, and gliders only.[ citation needed ]
From 1954 pilots for powered aircraft were now allowed to be trained, with parachutists.[ citation needed ]
In May 1955, aviation prohibition was lifted, but on 26 October 1955, Austria issued its Declaration of Neutrality. This is similar to the Republic of Ireland, which largely has no armed forces.[ citation needed ]
The reconstituted Austrian Air Force formed its first jet aircraft squadron on 7 July 1961 at Schwechat. [1]
In 1980 Erich Wolf won the world military aerobatics competition; he would later be the head of the air force from 2002, until 2020.[ citation needed ]
Felix Baumgartner has parachuted from 38,969.3 metres on 14 October 2012, reaching Mach 1.25 in the descent.[ citation needed ]
Austrian Airlines was formed on 30 September 1957. Four Vickers Viscount turboprop aircraft were acquired, with the first flight, to London, on 31 March 1958.[ citation needed ]
The 1995 enlargement of the European Union included Austria, with greater involvement in European aviation projects, such as safety.[ citation needed ]
Air traffic control is provided by Austro Control GmbH, under the Federal Office for Transport. Austria has six commercial airports.[ citation needed ]
Austria has had a rescue helicopter service called Christophorus Flugrettungsverein (CFV) since 1983, founded by the ÖAMTC. The helicopter service has been funded by the Ministry of the Interior (Austria) since 1985, and flies the Eurocopter EC135.[ citation needed ]
Austria has a limited air force, with about 3,500 personnel, with three-quarters being conscripts. [2]
An aileron is a hinged flight control surface usually forming part of the trailing edge of each wing of a fixed-wing aircraft. Ailerons are used in pairs to control the aircraft in roll, which normally results in a change in flight path due to the tilting of the lift vector. Movement around this axis is called 'rolling' or 'banking'.
The history of aviation spans over two millennia, from the earliest innovations like kites and daring attempts at tower jumping to supersonic and hypersonic flight in powered, heavier-than-air jet aircraft. Kite flying in China, dating back several hundred years BC, is considered the earliest example of man-made flight. Leonardo da Vinci's 15th-century dream of flight found expression in several rational designs, though hindered by the limitations of contemporary science.
This is a list of aviation-related events from 1911:
This is a list of aviation-related events from 1912:
This is a list of aviation-related events from 1914.
The Etrich Taube, also known by the names of the various later manufacturers who built versions of the type, such as the Rumpler Taube, was a pre-World War I monoplane aircraft. It was the first military aeroplane to be mass-produced in Germany.
Military aviation comprises military aircraft and other flying machines for the purposes of conducting or enabling aerial warfare, including national airlift capacity to provide logistical supply to forces stationed in a war theater or along a front. Airpower includes the national means of conducting such warfare, including the intersection of transport and warcraft. Military aircraft include bombers, fighters, transports, trainer aircraft, and reconnaissance aircraft.
This is a list of aviation-related events during the 19th century :
Early flying machines include all forms of aircraft studied or constructed before the development of the modern aeroplane by 1910. The story of modern flight begins more than a century before the first successful manned aeroplane, and the earliest aircraft thousands of years before.
Ignaz "Igo" Etrich was an Austrian flight pioneer, pilot and fixed-wing aircraft developer.
The Austro-Hungarian Aviation Troops or Imperial and Royal Aviation Troops were the air force of the Austro-Hungarian Empire until the empire's demise in 1918; it saw combat on both the Eastern Front and Italian Front during World War I.
The Italian Corpo Aeronautico Militare was formed as part of the Regio Esercito on 7 January 1915, incorporating the Aviators Flights Battalion (airplanes), the Specialists Battalion (airships) and the Ballonists Battalion. Prior to World War I, Italy had pioneered military aviation in the Italo-Turkish War during 1911–1912. Its army also contained one of the world's foremost theorists about the future of military aviation, Giulio Douhet; Douhet also had a practical side, as he was largely responsible for the development of Italy's Caproni bombers starting in 1913. Italy also had the advantage of a delayed entry into World War I, not starting the fight until 24 May 1915, but took no advantage of it so far as aviation was concerned.
Edmund Elias Rumpler was an Austrian automobile and aircraft designer.
The Cody V was a single-engined biplane built by the British-based American aviation pioneer Samuel Franklin Cody in 1912. It was built from the remains of two of Cody's earlier aircraft, and won the 1912 British Military Aeroplane Competition, with two aircraft being purchased for the Royal Flying Corps. The design was abandoned after the mid-air disintegration of one of the aircraft in April 1913.
The Cody IV monoplane was a single-engined monoplane designed and built by the American-born but British-based aviation pioneer Samuel Franklin Cody in 1912. It was intended for entry into the 1912 British Military Aeroplane Competition, but was wrecked in a crash before the start of the competition.
Giulio Gavotti was an Italian lieutenant and pilot who fought in the Italo-Turkish War.
The Luft-Limousine or Luftlimousine, also known as Etrich VIII Luft-Limousine, was a single engine monoplane built by the Etrich company in Silesia in 1912.
Zee Yee Lee (Chinese: 厲汝燕; pinyin: Lì Rǔyàn; Wade–Giles: Li4 Ju3-yen4; 1891–1944) was a Chinese aviation pioneer. After becoming the first Chinese pilot to earn a Royal Aero Club certificate in October 1911, he brought two Etrich Taube monoplanes to China and flew on over Shanghai in April 1912. He was by some accounts China's first aviator, and was also one of the first Chinese aircraft designers. He served as the chief instructor and head of the Nanyuan Aviation School in Beijing for 15 years, and later taught at the predecessor of the Republic of China Air Force Academy.
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