Bag-ong Kusog

Last updated

Bag-ong Kusog (New Strength)
Founder(s) Vicente Rama
Founded1921
Language Cebuano
Ceased publication1941
Headquarters Cebu City, Philippines
Sister newspapersNueva Fuerza
Free online archives https://archive.cebuanostudiescenter.com/pdf/

Bag-ong Kusog (New Force) was a periodical in the Cebuano language that was in circulation before World War II. Established in 1915 in Cebu, Philippines, with its bilingual predecessor, Nueva Fuerza, it was published every Friday until it ceased operations at the outbreak of the war in 1941.

Contents

History

After three centuries of Spanish colonial rule and in the Commonwealth period under the Americans, mass media in the country prospered. The period between 1916 and 1935 likewise marked the steady decline of Spanish as a lingua franca in Cebu and the rise of Cebuano publications. [1]

Bag-ong Kusog started out as a Spanish–Cebuano bi-weekly publication named Nueva Fuerza. Founded on May 2, 1915, [2] by writer, editor, and politician Vicente Rama, [3] Nueva Fuerza later became tri-weekly starting on February 7, 1919. Its printing press company, which was previously the Imprenta Rosario and then Imprenta "The Cebu Chronicle", was sold to Vicente Rama. The company was then renamed "The Cebu Press" in 1917. [2] Rama was assisted by circulation manager Felipe Tabasa, and editors Julio Pongan and Eustaquio B. Gonzales. [4]

By 1922, Nueva Fuerza was absorbed by the sister weekly, Bag-ong Kusog, whose first issue was printed in 1921. [2] The transition to Cebuano was driven by nationalistic sentiment prevalent in those times. [5]

In its heyday, Bag-ong Kusog was the leading periodical with a circulation of 7,000, [2] considered high at that time. It was the most successful regional periodical excluding the Manila-printed issues by Liwayway Publications. [6] It enjoyed popularity [5] and wide readership in Cebuano-speaking provinces in Visayas and Mindanao, [7] as well as immigrants in Hawaii. [6] Its last issue was released in 1941 at the outbreak of the World War II. [3]

Contents

Bag-ong Kusog and other local periodicals were considered popular form of reading material in the pre-war era. They were inexpensive and contained information that appealed to the masses newly accustomed to a free press. [5] It contained coverage of current events, editorials, reports, columns, and literary works. [3] Like the periodicals of its time, its role was assumed to be a vehicle for social change. [6] One of the chief concerns of the writers of Bag-ong Kusog and the press was the changing attitude towards Spanish-era social customs and traditions [8] particularly among young people that was attributed to the secularism brought by the Americans. [5]

Similar to the periodicals at that time, its contents may contain information that forward political interest. According to scholars, during a congressional race that pitted Vicente Rama and Maximino Noel, Rama published a story where the hero's name was an anagram of Rama and villain's name that of Noel. [9]

Impact on Cebuano literary arts

The press in general contributed greatly to the development of Cebuano literary arts in the decades leading up to the war. [10] [11] Writers published their works on newspapers and magazines due to the underdevelopment of book publishing industry in Cebu, [5] and Bag-ong Kusog printed literary outputs, [5] publishing literary works such as novels, short stories, folklore and poetry. [6]

Cebuano poets produced an estimated 13,000 poems before the war in various media. [10] In addition, Bag-ong Kusog published Dr. Gardeopatra Gador Quijano's Lourdes, the first ever feminist novel written in the Cebuano language, with its advocacy for women to exercise their right of suffrage, through serialized printing in its August to September 1939 issues. [12] Additionally, it was also one of the crucial instruments in developing the art of Cebuano essay and journalism, as well as publishing the works of writers of short story which became popular in the early part of the 20th century. [13]

Historical commemoration

See also

Related Research Articles

Erlinda Kintanar Alburo is a prolific contemporary Cebuano language scholar and promoter of the language. She is the former Director of the Cebuano Studies Center of the University of San Carlos, Philippines. She is an active member of Women in Literary Arts (WILA), and writes poetry both in English and cebuano. She teaches on the anthropology of linguistics. She has written 54 works in 4 languages.

Uldarico Aguilar Alviola Sr. was a Filipino Visayan civil servant, novelist, and editor from Cebu, Philippines. While he wrote in English and Spanish, his published works in the Cebuano language earned him the title "Dean of Cebuano Writers."

Cebuano literature includes both the oral and written literary forms Cebuano of colonial, pre-colonial and post-colonial Philippines.

Hilda Suico Montayre was a Filipino writer who often used the pseudonym Rosa Montes. She considered fellow Cebuana writer Maria Kabigon to be a major influence.

<i>The Freeman</i> (newspaper) Daily newspaper published in Cebu, Philippines

The Freeman is a daily English-language newspaper published in Cebu, Philippines. It is the longest-running newspaper in Cebu, first published on May 10, 1919. Since 2004, the newspaper has been published by the Philstar Media Group, publisher of the Manila-based newspaper, The Philippine STAR, with former owner Jose "Dodong" Gullas retaining editorial control over the newspaper. The motto of the newspaper is "Fair and fearless".

Vicente Hermosa Garces, also known as Vicente Garces and Nyor Inting, was a Filipino Visayan politician, writer, and poet. His famous written works in Cebuano were published in Visayan newspaper, Bag-ong Kusog. He also served as mayor in the then municipality of Talisay, Cebu, Philippines from 1925 to 1937.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vicente Rama</span> Filipino legislator, publisher, and writer from Cebu, Philippines

Vicente Rama was a Filipino Visayan legislator, publisher, and writer from Cebu, Philippines. Recognized as the Father of Cebu City, he authored the bill for its cityhood which was approved into law by October 20, 1936. He also founded the leading pre-war Cebuano periodical, Bag-ong Kusog.

Nicolas Rafols y Mercado was a Filipino Visayan legislator, journalist, businessman, lawyer, and agriculturalist from Cebu, Philippines. He was a member of the House of Representatives for Cebu's 6th District for multiple terms.

Fernando Buyser, also known with his pseudonym Florpinas, was a Filipino Visayan poet, writer, and bishop of the Philippine Independent Church. He was a prolific writer and best known as the inventor of the Cebuano sonnet form called sonanoy and as the pioneer in the study Visayan folklore.

Vicente Ranudo was a Filipino Visayan writer, poet laureate, and Cebu provincial civil servant. He wrote for various pre-war periodicals, including the first Cebuano newspaper Ang Suga, and was considered the father of Cebuano poetry.

Gardeopatra Gador Quijano was a Filipino Visayan dentist, teacher, writer, and fiction author known for her novel, Lourdes, which is regarded as the first feminist novel written in the Cebuano language. She is considered the first Cebuana feminist fiction writer and was awarded the Gawad CCP para sa Sining in 1993.

Amando Navarette Osório (1890–1946) was a Filipino Visayan poet, playwright, novelist, and Cebu deputy governor. His novel Daylinda, Ang Walay Palad was the first historical fiction in Cebuano literature and the third novel written in Cebuano language.

Florentino Suico was a Filipino Visayan public school teacher and prolific writer, fictionist, poet, and journalist from Cebu, Philippines. He was known for his historical fiction written in Cebuano language.

Sulpicio Selerio Osório was a Filipino editor, poet, and writer of fiction and essay in Cebuano language.

Marcelino M. Navarra was a Filipino Visayan editor, poet, and writer from Cebu, Philippines. He was regarded as the father of modern Cebuano short story for his use of realism and depictions of fictionalized version of his hometown, barrio Tuyom in Carcar, Cebu.

Buenaventura Perez Rodriguez was a playwright, the governor of Cebu, Philippines from 1937 until 1940, and a member of the House of Representatives for two terms. He was the first Cebu governor of the Philippine Commonwealth.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Napoleon Rama</span> Filipino Visayan lawyer, journalist, and writer

Napoleon "Nap" Genson Rama, PLH was a Filipino Visayan lawyer, journalist, and writer in English and Spanish from Cebu, Philippines. He was the Vice President of the 1971 Constitutional Convention and the Floor Leader of the 1986 Constitutional Commission. In 2011, he was awarded the Philippine Legion of Honor, the country's highest recognition, with the rank of Grand Commander on the 25th anniversary of the EDSA 1 Revolution by President Benigno S. Aquino III.

Florentino D. Tecson was a Filipino Visayan lawyer, politician, editor, writer, and labor leader from Cebu, Philippines. He edited pre-war Cebuano periodicals such as Bag-ong Kusog and published his own newspaper, Ang Mamumuo, and a book of fiction, Lingawon Ko Ikaw. A known labor leader, he was the president of Federacion Obrero de Filipinas. He served as councilor of Naga and Cebu City and was appointed as Vice Mayor of Cebu City (1954–1955).

Pio Abelgas Kabahar, also known as Piux A. Kabahar, was a Cebuano composer, playwright, journalist, and director. He was best known as a playwright, he was the director of the first Cebuano moving picture, Bertoldo ug Balodoy.

Vicente Arandia Gullas was a Filipino writer, lawyer, and educator from Cebu, Philippines. Founder of the Visayan Institute, he introduced innovation in educational system through the establishment of working student and study-now-pay-later schemes and of satellite schools to allow students from locations outside Cebu City. In 2019, he was hailed as one of the top 100 Cebuano personalities.

References

  1. ↑ "The Commonwealth Period". commmedia.aijc.com.ph. Media Museum. Archived from the original on December 27, 2018. Retrieved December 27, 2018.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "About: The Nueva Fuerza Online Archive: Cebuano Studies Center Shared Future Project". The Nueva Fuerza Online Archive. Cebuano Studies Center. Retrieved December 23, 2018.
  3. 1 2 3 "Don Vicente Rama, Father of the Cebu City Charter". cebucity.gov.ph. Cebu City Government. March 5, 2012. Retrieved December 23, 2018.
  4. ↑ Oaminal, Clarence Paul (February 19, 2014). "Vicente Rama Street, Cebu City". The Freeman. Retrieved December 27, 2018– via PressReader.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Alburo, Erlinda K. (2007). "History and the Prewar Cebuano Novel" (PDF). Philippine Studies. Ateneo de Manila University. 55 (4): 479–508.
  6. 1 2 3 4 Rama, Vicente (2003). The Vicente Rama reader : an introduction for modern readers. Madrid, Renato E. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press. ISBN   978-9715504416. OCLC   54952562.
  7. ↑ Asuncion, Ruben Jeffrey (June 11, 2016). "Peryodismo sa ilang katha noong 1900s" . Retrieved December 23, 2018.{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  8. ↑ Alburo, Erlinda K. (1985). "History Via The Newspaper: Pre-War Cebuano Social Life". Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society. 13 (3): 240–245. JSTOR   29791859.
  9. ↑ "Bias and the future of journalism". Cebu Journalism & Journalists. September 24, 2015. Archived from the original on May 18, 2019. Retrieved May 19, 2019.
  10. 1 2 Alburo, Erlinda K. "Cebuano Literature in the Philippines". National Commission for Culture and the Arts. Retrieved December 23, 2018.
  11. ↑ Alburo, Erlinda (September 1984). "Cebuano Writing and the Periodical Press". Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society. 12 (3): 183–190. JSTOR   29791828.
  12. ↑ Lola Elyang (March 9, 2014). "Doktor Garding". The Freeman. Retrieved December 23, 2018– via PressReader.
  13. ↑ "Cebuano" comes from the root word "Cebu" (PDF). National Library of the Philippines. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 15, 2019. Retrieved December 23, 2018.
  14. ↑ "Cebuano Studies Center launches Nueva Fuerza online archive". Cebu Daily News. September 14, 2017. Retrieved December 23, 2018– via PressReader.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.