| Battle of Menorca | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Spanish Civil War | |||||||
 Balearic islands. Menorca in blue | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 Spanish Republic |  Nationalist Spain Fifth Column | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Adm. Luis González de Ubieta Marcelino Rodríguez † | Cpt. Fernando Sartorius y Díaz de Mendoza Col. Alfonso Useleti Maj. Pedro Pons Lt. Juan Thomas (WIA) [1] | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 1 brigade | 3 battalions [2] | ||||||
The Battle of Menorca took place in the island Menorca between 7 and 9 February 1939 during the Spanish Civil War.
After the fall of Catalonia, the island of Menorca, the only Balearic island held by the Republic, was isolated from other Republican-held territory by the Nationalist naval blockade. Francisco Franco informed the British government that Mussolini's Italian troops would abandon the Balearic Islands after the war and the British government agreed to arrange the surrender of the Republican garrison. [3]
On 8 January 1939 Admiral Luis González de Ubieta was transferred to Menorca to take the command of the Spanish Republican naval base at Puerto Mahon. He also was given the authority to command all the Republican military forces on the island. [4]
On 7 February, the Royal Navy cruiser HMS Devonshire arrived in Mahón harbour with a Nationalist emissary, Fernando Sartorius, on board. Sartorius said to the Republican commander, Luis González Ubieta, that the Nationalist forces would occupy the island on 8 February, but the Republican officers and supporters would abandon the island. The same day, three battalions of the Republican garrison, led by a member of the Fifth column, the officer Juan Thomas, occupied Ciutadella, after killing the Republican commander Marcelino Rodríguez. One brigade of Republican troops arrived from Mahon, and defeated the rebel troops after a brief engagement and surrounded Ciutadella. Nevertheless, the Republican officers, convinced that any resistance under that circumstances was pointless, asked for safe passage to the mainland. The British eventually arranged the surrender of Minorca to the Nationalists on board of Devonshire. On 8 February, Italian and Spanish Nationalist bombers attacked Mahón. The same day the Devonshire sailed to Marseille with 452 Republican refugees on board. [5] On 9 February, the 105th division of the Nationalist Army disembarked at Ciutadella and the remaining Republican troops surrendered. [6]
After the surrender of Menorca, many Republican officers in the central zone believed that they would negotiate a deal with the Nationalists, and then started to plan a coup against the Negrín government. [7]
Menorca or Minorca is one of the Balearic Islands located in the Mediterranean Sea belonging to Spain. Its name derives from its size, contrasting it with nearby Mallorca. Its capital is Mahón, situated on the island's eastern end, although Menorca is not a province and forms a political union with the other islands in the archipelago. Ciutadella and Mahon are the main ports and largest towns. The port of Mahon is the second biggest natural port in the world.
Mahón, officially Maó, and also written as Mahon or Port Mahon in English, is the capital and second largest city of Menorca. The city is located on the eastern coast of the island, which is part of the archipelago and autonomous community of the Balearic Islands.
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