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Custer National Forest is located primarily in the south central part of the U.S. state of Montana but also has separate sections in northwestern South Dakota. With a total area of 1,188,130 acres (4,808 km2), the forest comprises over 10 separate sections. While in the westernmost sections, Custer National Forest is a part of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, the easternmost sections are a combination of forest "islands" and grasslands. A portion of the forest is also part of the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness and constitutes over a third of the wilderness land. South of Red Lodge, Montana, the Beartooth Highway passes through the forest en route to Yellowstone National Park.
The Bridger National Forest was first established by the U.S. Forest Service on July 1, 1911 in Wyoming with 577,580 acres (2,337.4 km2) from part of Bonneville National Forest. On May 14, 1923 Bridger was transferred Wyoming National Forest, and the name was discontinued. On March 10, 1943 Wyoming was renamed Bridger. In 1973 Bridger National Forest was administratively combined with Teton National Forest, creating Bridger-Teton National Forest. In descending order of land area, Bridger National Forest lands are located in Sublette, Lincoln, Fremont, and Teton counties. There are local ranger district offices in Afton, Big Piney, Kemmerer, and Pinedale. Its administrative headquarters reside in Jackson, Wyoming as part of the combined Bridger-Teton National Forest. Its current area of 1,736,075 acres (7,025.65 km²) represents 51.02% of the combined Bridger-Teton's area of 3,402,644 acres (13,770.01 km²). The forest includes all of the National Wilderness Preservation System's officially designated Bridger Wilderness.
Yellowstone National Forest was first established by the General Land Office on March 30, 1891 as the Yellowstone Park Timber Land Reserve of 1,239,040 acres (5,014.2 km2). On May 22, 1902 it became the Yellowstone Forest Reserve with lands of 6,580,920 acres (26,632.0 km2).
Crazy Mountain National Forest was established as the Crazy Mountain Forest Reserve in Montana by the U.S. Forest Service on August 10, 1906 with 234,760 acres (950.0 km2). It became a National Forest on March 4, 1907. On July 1, 1908 it was combined with part Yellowstone National Forest to re-establish Absaroka National Forest and its name was discontinued.
Bonneville National Forest was established by the U.S. Forest Service in Wyoming on July 1, 1908 with 1,627,840 acres (6,587.6 km2) from part of Yellowstone National Forest. On July 1, 1917 the entire forest was transferred to Washakie National Forest and the name was discontinued.
Washakie National Forest was established by the U.S. Forest Service in Wyoming on July 1, 1911 with 393,950 acres (1,594.3 km2) from part of Bonneville National Forest. On July 1, 1916 the remainder of Bonneville was added. On July 1, 1945 the entire forest was transferred to Shoshone National Forest and the name was discontinued.
Black Mesa National Forest was established as the Black Mesa Forest Reserve by the General Land Office in Arizona on February 22, 1897 with 4,147,200 acres (16,783 km2). After the transfer of federal forests to the U.S. Forest Service in 1905, it became a National Forest on March 4, 1907. On July 1, 1908 the forest was divided among Sitgreaves, Tonto, Apache and Coconino National Forests and the name was discontinued.
Sundance National Forest was established in the Bear Lodge Mountains of Wyoming by the U.S. Forest Service on July 1, 1908. It covered 183,224 acres (741.48 km2) from part of Black Hills National Forest and all of Bear Lodge National Forest. On July 1, 1915 the entire forest was transferred to Black Hills National Forest and the name was discontinued.
Bear River National Forest was established as the Bear River Forest Reserve by the U.S. Forest Service in Utah on May 28, 1906 with 267,920 acres (1,084.2 km2) by combining the Logan Forest Reserve with other lands. On March 4, 1907 it became a National Forest. On July 1, 1908 part of the forest was combined with Pocatello National Forest and the remainder was used to establish Cache National Forest. The name was discontinued. The lands are presently included in Uinta-Wasatch-Cache National Forest.
Pocatello National Forest was established as the Pocatello Forest Reserve by the General Land Office in Idaho and Utah on September 5, 1903, with 49,920 acres (202.0 km2). After the transfer of federal forests to the U.S. Forest Service in 1905, it became a National Forest on March 4, 1907. On July 1, 1908, Port Neuf National Forest and part of Bear River National Forest were added. On July 1, 1915, the entire forest was transferred to Cache National Forest and the name was discontinued. The lands are presently included in Caribou National Forest and Uinta-Wasatch-Cache National Forest.
Cave Hills National Forest was established as the Cave Hills Forest Reserve in South Dakota by the General Land Office March 5, 1904 with 23,360 acres (94.5 km2). After the transfer of federal forests to the U.S. Forest Service in 1905, it became a National Forest on March 4, 1907. On July 1, 1908 it was absorbed by Sioux National Forest and the name was discontinued.
Crow Creek National Forest was established as the Crow Creek Forest Reserve in Wyoming by the General Land Office on October 10, 1900 with 56,320 acres (227.9 km2). After the transfer of federal forests to the U.S. Forest Service in 1905, it became a National Forest on March 4, 1907. On July 1, 1908 it was combined with part of Medicine Bow National Forest to create Cheyenne National Forest. The name was discontinued, and the Cheyenne was renamed Medicine Bow in 1910.
Harney National Forest was established by the U.S. Forest Service in South Dakota and Wyoming on July 1, 1911, with 642,550 acres (2,600.3 km2) from part of Black Hills National Forest and other lands. On July 1, 1954, the entire forest was added to Black Hills and the name was discontinued.
Hayden National Forest was established by the U.S. Forest Service in Colorado and Wyoming on July 1, 1908, with 454,911 acres (1,840.96 km2), mostly in Wyoming from Sierra Madre National Forest and part of Park Range National Forest. On August 2, 1929, the entire forest was divided between Medicine Bow National Forest and Routt National Forest and the name was discontinued.
Sierra Madre National Forest was established as the Sierra Madre Forest Reserve by the U.S. Forest Service in Wyoming on November 5, 1906 with 370,911 acres (1,501.02 km2). It became a National Forest on March 4, 1907. On July 1, 1908 the entire forest was combined with Park Range National Forest to create Hayden National Forest and the name was discontinued.
Idaho National Forest in Idaho was established by the U.S. Forest Service on July 1, 1908, with 1,293,280 acres (5,233.7 km2) from the part of Payette National Forest. On April 1, 1944, the entire forest was combined with Weiser National Forest to establish the new Payette National Forest, and the name was discontinued.
San Luis Obispo National Forest was established as the San Luis Obispo Forest Reserve by the U.S. Forest Service in California on June 25, 1906 with 363,350 acres (1,470.4 km2). It became a National Forest on March 4, 1907. On July 1, 1908 part of the forest was combined with Santa Barbara National Forest, the remainder was used to establish San Luis National Forest, and the name was discontinued.
Palisade National Forest was established by the U.S. Forest Service in Wyoming and Idaho on July 1, 1910, with 583,650 acres (2,361.9 km2), evenly divided between Wyoming and Idaho, from the southern portion of Targhee National Forest. On July 1, 1917 the entire forest was named "Targhee" and the "Palisade" name was discontinued.
Salmon River National Forest was established as the Salmon River Forest Reserve by the U.S. Forest Service in Idaho on November 5, 1906 with 1,879,680 acres (7,606.8 km2). It became a National Forest on March 4, 1907. On July 1, 1908 part of the forest was combined with Challis National Forest and part with Salmon National Forest and the name was discontinued.
The Bear Lodge Mountains are a small mountain range in Crook County, Wyoming. These mountains are protected in the Black Hills National Forest as part of its Bearlodge District. Devils Tower National Monument was the first U.S. National Monument and draws about 400,000 visitors per year to the area. The Bear Lodge Mountains are one of three mountain ranges which compose the Black Hills region and national forest, including the Black Hills itself and South Dakota's Elk Mountains.
References
- ↑ Davis, Richard C. (September 29, 2005), National Forests of the United States (PDF), The Forest History Society, archived from the original (pdf) on 2012-10-28