Ben Cowling | |
---|---|
Born | Benjamin John Cowling [1] 11 June 1979 [2] |
Nationality | British |
Education | University of Warwick (BSc, PhD) [3] |
Known for | COVID-19 research |
Children | 2 sons [4] |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Epidemiology Medical statistics |
Institutions | University of Hong Kong Imperial College London [5] |
Thesis | Survival models for censored point processes (2003) |
Doctoral advisors | Jane Hutton Ewart Shaw |
Benjamin John Cowling MBE (born 11 June 1979) is a British epidemiologist and medical statistician. He is the current Chair Professor of Epidemiology and Head of the Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at the School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong (HKU).
Cowling was raised in Sonning, England. [6] He attended Sonning Church of England Primary School and, from 1990 to 1997, Reading School. [6] [7]
He obtained his BSc in mathematics, operational research, statistics, and economics (MORSE) in 2000 from the University of Warwick, and then a PhD from the same university in 2003. [3] [8]
After his PhD, Cowling joined Imperial College London as a postdoctoral research statistician. [5] [8] [9] [10]
He moved to Hong Kong in 2004, first as a senior research assistant at the School of Public Health of the University of Hong Kong (HKU), climbing the ranks gradually and becoming an assistant professor in 2008. [8] He was promoted to associate professor in 2013, [8] when he started to head the Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics. [5] [11] He became Chair Professor of Epidemiology in July 2022. [12] [13] He now heads the World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control at HKU. [14]
Cowling's research is mostly about infectious disease epidemiology, including field studies of respiratory virus transmission, [15] the effectiveness of influenza vaccines [16] and infection immunity. [1] [17] During the COVID-19 pandemic, he and his team shifted the focus to the COVID-19 disease. [18] [19] [20] [21]
He also gave interviews to multiple local and global media throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. [22] [23] [24] [25] [26]
Currently outside HKU, Cowling is the editor-in-chief of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses , [27] a member of the MIDAS network (a group of global infectious disease experts that study them with computational methods), [28] a member of the Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University. [11] He also sits on the Council of the International Society for Influenza and other Respiratory Virus Diseases. [29]
Incubation period is the time elapsed between exposure to a pathogenic organism, a chemical, or radiation, and when symptoms and signs are first apparent. In a typical infectious disease, the incubation period signifies the period taken by the multiplying organism to reach a threshold necessary to produce symptoms in the host.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a viral respiratory disease of zoonotic origin caused by the virus SARS-CoV-1, the first identified strain of the SARS-related coronavirus. The first known cases occurred in November 2002, and the syndrome caused the 2002–2004 SARS outbreak. In the 2010s, Chinese scientists traced the virus through the intermediary of Asian palm civets to cave-dwelling horseshoe bats in Xiyang Yi Ethnic Township, Yunnan.
The 1918–1920 flu pandemic, also known as the Great Influenza epidemic or by the common misnomer Spanish flu, was an exceptionally deadly global influenza pandemic caused by the H1N1 influenza A virus. The earliest documented case was March 1918 in the state of Kansas in the United States, with further cases recorded in France, Germany and the United Kingdom in April. Two years later, nearly a third of the global population, or an estimated 500 million people, had been infected in four successive waves. Estimates of deaths range from 17 million to 50 million, and possibly as high as 100 million, making it one of the deadliest pandemics in history.
The Hong Kong flu, also known as the 1968 flu pandemic, was a flu pandemic that occurred in 1968 and 1969 and which killed between one and four million people globally. It is among the deadliest pandemics in history, and was caused by an H3N2 strain of the influenza A virus. The virus was descended from H2N2 through antigenic shift, a genetic process in which genes from multiple subtypes are reassorted to form a new virus.
Flu season is an annually recurring time period characterized by the prevalence of an outbreak of influenza (flu). The season occurs during the cold half of the year in each hemisphere. It takes approximately two days to show symptoms. Influenza activity can sometimes be predicted and even tracked geographically. While the beginning of major flu activity in each season varies by location, in any specific location these minor epidemics usually take about three weeks to reach its pinnacle, and another three weeks to significantly diminish.
An influenza pandemic is an epidemic of an influenza virus that spreads across a large region and infects a large proportion of the population. There have been six major influenza epidemics in the last 140 years, with the 1918 flu pandemic being the most severe; this is estimated to have been responsible for the deaths of 50–100 million people. The 2009 swine flu pandemic resulted in under 300,000 deaths and is considered relatively mild. These pandemics occur irregularly.
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The 2009 swine flu pandemic, caused by the H1N1/swine flu/influenza virus and declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) from June 2009 to August 2010, was the third recent flu pandemic involving the H1N1 virus. The first identified human case was in La Gloria, Mexico, a rural town in Veracruz. The virus appeared to be a new strain of H1N1 that resulted from a previous triple reassortment of bird, swine, and human flu viruses which further combined with a Eurasian pig flu virus, leading to the term "swine flu".
Keiji Fukuda is a Japanese-American physician and epidemiologist, specializing in influenza epidemiology. He was an Assistant Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO) from 2009 to 2016, and the Director of the School of Public Health at the University of Hong Kong (HKU) between 2017 and 2021.
Airborne transmission or aerosol transmission is transmission of an infectious disease through small particles suspended in the air. Infectious diseases capable of airborne transmission include many of considerable importance both in human and veterinary medicine. The relevant infectious agent may be viruses, bacteria, or fungi, and they may be spread through breathing, talking, coughing, sneezing, raising of dust, spraying of liquids, flushing toilets, or any activities which generate aerosol particles or droplets.
Gabriel Matthew Leung is a Hong Kong physician and epidemiologist, currently serving as the executive director of the Hong Kong Jockey Club. From 2013 to 2022, he was the longest-serving Dean of Medicine at the University of Hong Kong, where he was also the inaugural Helen and Francis Zimmern Professor in Population Health. Formerly, he was Hong Kong's first Under Secretary for Food and Health and fifth Director of the Office of the Chief Executive at the Government of Hong Kong.
Guan Yi is a Chinese virologist. In 2014, he was ranked as 11th in the world by Thomson Reuters among global researchers in the field of microbiology. He obtained his PhD in microbiology at the University of Hong Kong and is now a professor of microbiology at his alma mater. His research on the viral respiratory disease SARS helped the Chinese government avert the 2004 outbreak of this disease. He is the current director of the State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases University of Hong Kong. In early 2017, Guan warned that the H7N9 influenza virus "poses the greatest threat to humanity than any other in the past 100 years".
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... "My wife and two children are here with me in Hong Kong" ...