Sir John Bernard Partridge (11 October 1861– 9 August 1945) [1] was an English illustrator. Born in London, he was the son of Professor Richard Partridge, F.R.S., president of the Royal College of Surgeons, [2] and nephew of John Partridge, portrait-painter extraordinary to Queen Victoria. [2] For some years he was well known as an actor under the name of Bernard Gould. [3] [4]
Partridge was educated at Stonyhurst College where one of his fellow pupils was Arthur Conan Doyle. [5]
Partridge then worked for six months in the offices of architect H. Handsom, before joining the firm of Lavers, Barraud and Westlake, ecclesiastical designers, where he spent two years producing altar-pieces, stained-glass etc. [5] He then studied decorative painting under Philip Westlake, 1880–1884. He began illustrating for the press and practised watercolour painting, but his chief success was derived from book illustration.
Partridge was very interested in the theatre and acted under the stage name Bernard Gould. [3] He appeared in the first production of George Bernard Shaw's Arms and the Man. Many of his early drawings were of stage subjects or personalities, and some of his finest caricatures in later life were drawn from the world of the stage. [6]
In 1891 Partridge joined the staff of Punch [7] and, in 1909, became its chief cartoonist, replacing Edward Linley Sambourne. [8] During his time at Punch, Partridge published several cartoons supporting the Suffragist movement. He was elected a member of the Royal Institute of Painters in Water Colours and of The Pastel Society.
A diploma designed by Partridge was presented to medal winners of the 1908 Summer Olympic Games in London. [9]
Partridge was a frequent exhibitor, [note 1] exhibiting nearly 200 works in total.
In 1897 Partridge married Lydia Faith Harvey (1873-1961) of Finsbury Park. Lady Partridge maintained relationships with others in the art world before and after her husband's death. These included Sir Hugh Lane [11] and Margaret E. Wilson. [12] She died childless. [13]
Partridge was still producing work for Punch until three months before his death, so readers of Punch had been viewing his cartoons for over fifty years.
1915 Partridge designed posters to encourage recruitment to the British Army. Take up the Sword of Justice was one of the most popular, printed by David Allen & Sons, for the British Parliamentary Recruiting Committee (PRC). [14] It features the sinking RMS Lusitania, drowning passengers, and a vengeful Lady Justice wielding the Sword of Justice. [15] State Library of Victoria, Melbourne, Australia, is just one of the many libraries and museums around the world which hold copies of this poster. [16]
Another work from this time that was well known to the populace was Unconquerable. It features Wilhelm II, German Emperor, and Albert I, the King of the Belgians. The cartoon was published by Punch in October 1914. This original was presented to the Queen of the Belgians by the Gardeners' Company, the purchase money going to the Belgian Relief Fund. [17] In 1917 copies of the poster, styled "the Greatest War Picture ...... in magnificent colour reproduction", which Partridge based on his original cartoon were sent by Punch to new subscribers as part of a promotion. [18] [19] In 1919 Punch sent complimentary copies of this poster to public libraries and Schools of Arts across Australia and New Zealand, many of which were framed and placed in their reading rooms. [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25]
Persons who served overseas with Expeditionary Forces in an active war zone, and were disabled, received a King's Certificate of Discharge stating that they "Served with honour". The certificate was designed by Partridge in 1916, at the request of the War Office. [26] [27]
At this time he also designed postcards for Blue Cross Quarantine Kennels, for soldiers bringing home their pet dogs. [4]
Partridge was the twentieth of twenty illustrators selected by Percy V. Bradshaw for inclusion in his series The Art of the Illustrator (1917-1918) which presented a separate portfolio for each illustrator. [28] [note 2]
One of his most famous cartoons of this war was Salute to Malta. In it St. George, wearing the Maltese Cross, defends the stronghold of Malta against the dragon. [31]
Partridge was appointed a Knight Bachelor in the 1925 Birthday Honours on the advice of Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin and gave his support to the government during the General Strike.
Sir John Tenniel was an English illustrator, graphic humourist and political cartoonist prominent in the second half of the 19th century. An alumnus of the Royal Academy of Arts in London, he was knighted for artistic achievements in 1893, the first such honour ever bestowed on an illustrator or cartoonist.
Punch, or The London Charivari was a British weekly magazine of humour and satire established in 1841 by Henry Mayhew and wood-engraver Ebenezer Landells. Historically, it was most influential in the 1840s and 1850s, when it helped to coin the term "cartoon" in its modern sense as a humorous illustration. From 1850, John Tenniel was the chief cartoon artist at the magazine for over 50 years.
James Montgomery Flagg was an American artist, comics artist, and illustrator. He worked in media ranging from fine art painting to cartooning, but is best remembered for his political posters, particularly his 1917 poster of Uncle Sam created for United States Army recruitment during World War I.
An illustration is a decoration, interpretation, or visual explanation of a text, concept, or process, designed for integration in print and digitally published media, such as posters, flyers, magazines, books, teaching materials, animations, video games and films. An illustration is typically created by an illustrator. Digital illustrations are often used to make websites and apps more user-friendly, such as the use of emojis to accompany digital type. Illustration also means providing an example; either in writing or in picture form.
Charles Edmund Brock was a widely published English painter, line artist and book illustrator, who signed most of his work C. E. Brock. He was the eldest of four artist brothers, including Henry Matthew Brock, also an illustrator.
Philip William May was an English caricaturist who, with his vigorous economy of line, played an important role in moving away from Victorian styles of illustration towards the creation of the modern humorous cartoon.
Edward George Dyson was an Australian journalist, poet, playwright and short story writer. He was the elder brother of illustrators Will Dyson (1880–1938) and Ambrose Dyson (1876–1913), with three sisters also of artistic and literary praise.
Ruby Lindsay was an Australian illustrator and painter, sister of Norman Lindsay and Percy Lindsay.
Leonard Raven-Hill was an English artist, illustrator and cartoonist.
Henry Mayo Bateman was a British humorous artist and cartoonist.
Harry Rountree was a prolific illustrator working in England around the turn of the 20th century. Born in Auckland, New Zealand, he moved to London in 1901, when he was 23 years old.
Frederick Henry Townsend was a British illustrator, cartoonist and art editor of Punch.
Henry Matthew Brock was a British illustrator and landscape painter of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. He was one of four artist brothers, all of them illustrators, who worked together in their family studio in Cambridge.
Alfred Pearse, also known as A Patriot, was an English artist, author, campaigner and inventor. Pearse, born at St Pancras, London, was a fourth generation artist and son of celebrated decorative artist Joseph Salter Pearse (1822–1896) and Loveday Colbron (1825–1895). He studied at West London School of Art and gained numerous prizes for drawing.
Claude Arthur Marquet (1869–1920) was an Australian political cartoonist, noted for his unique illustrative style and radical political views.
Luther Daniels Bradley was an American illustrator and political cartoonist associated with the Chicago Daily News. Born in New Haven, Connecticut, he graduated from Yale University in 1875. After some years at his father's business, he traveled abroad, and spent over a decade in Melbourne, Australia, drawing for such publications as Melbourne Punch. He returned to Chicago in 1893, working for the Daily Journal and Inter Ocean, before joining the Daily News in 1899, where he spent the remainder of his life and career. He was known for strong anti-war sentiments, opposing U.S. involvement in World War I.
Percy Venner Bradshaw, who often signed PVB, was a British illustrator who also created the Press Art School, a correspondence course for drawing.
Isobel Dorothy Joyce Dennys was an English cartoonist, illustrator and painter. She worked for the Voluntary Aid Detachment during the First World War and designed and created recruitment posters for both it and the Women's Royal Naval Service. Dennys spent 1919 and 1921 working in Australia before returning to England in 1921. She contributed humorous illustrations in the form of sketches and strip cartoons to journals and illustrated a series of books. Dennys also published plays catered primarily for amateurs and provided the cover illustrations to many of them. She took up oil painting at age 70 and she authored her autobiography in 1983. Examples of her oil paintings are held by three museums and a blue plaque has been installed at her Budleigh Salterton home since April 2015 to commemorate her life.
George Henry Dancey was an Australian artist, known for cartoons and caricatures, particularly for the Melbourne Punch, second only to Tom Carrington in his time with that paper.
Ethel Gertrude Hart was an Australian children's novelist, short story writer and poet. With Bernard Cronin, she founded the Old Derelicts' Club in 1920 which later became the Society of Australian Authors.
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