Bessel (crater)

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Bessel
Bessel crater AS17-M-2096.jpg
Apollo 17 Mapping Camera image
Coordinates 21°48′N17°54′E / 21.8°N 17.9°E / 21.8; 17.9
Diameter 16 km
Depth 1.7 km
Colongitude 342° at sunrise
Eponym Friedrich W. Bessel
The crater area in selenochromatic format (Si). More infos here : https://www.gawh.it/main/selenocromatica Posidonius-Agrippa Si - Aldo Ferruggia.jpg
The crater area in selenochromatic format (Si). More infos here : https://www.gawh.it/main/selenocromatica
Satellite craters of Bessel Bessel sattelite craters map.jpg
Satellite craters of Bessel
Oblique Apollo 15 Panoramic Camera image (from figure 145, Apollo Over the Moon, NASA SP-362) Bessel crater Apollo 15.jpg
Oblique Apollo 15 Panoramic Camera image (from figure 145, Apollo Over the Moon, NASA SP-362)
Another view facing north at a higher sun angle from Apollo 15 Bessel crater AS15-P-9902.jpg
Another view facing north at a higher sun angle from Apollo 15

Bessel is a small lunar impact crater that is located in the southern half of the Mare Serenitatis. The crater was named after the German astronomer Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel in 1935. [1] Despite its small size, this is the largest crater to lie entirely within the mare. It lies to the north-northeast of the crater Menelaus.

Contents

This crater is circular and bowl-shaped with a rim that has a higher albedo than the floor or the surrounding mare. The outer rim is not significantly worn, and there are no features of note on the interior, apart from some slumping of material from the inner walls to the floor. Bessel is not of sufficient size to have developed the terrace structures of larger craters.

A large ray crosses the mare from north to south, passing Bessel's western side. This ray is enigmatic due to its unclear origin. It appears to originate at the rim of Menelaus crater, yet it aligns with the trajectory of a Tycho ray, suggesting Tycho as a possible source. However, the Tycho ray terminates in the central highlands, hundreds of kilometers south of the Bessel region. Additionally, there are no evident clusters of Tycho secondary craters along the ray between its end in the highlands and the start of the bright ray at Menelaus' rim. [2]

Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Bessel.

BesselLatitudeLongitudeDiameter
D27.3° N19.9° E5 km
F21.2° N13.8° E1 km
G21.1° N14.7° E1 km
H25.7° N20.0° E4 km

The following craters have been renamed by the IAU:

See also

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References

  1. Bessel, Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature, International Astronomical Union (IAU) Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN)
  2. Campbell, B.A.; Bell, J.F.; Hawke, B.R.; Zisk, S.H. (1989). "The Bessel Ray Region: Preliminary Analysis of Remote Sensing Data". LPSC89. 20: 139. Bibcode:1989LPI....20..139C.

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