Big Clifty Formation

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Big Clifty Formation
Stratigraphic range: Mississippian
Type Formation
Unit of Stephensport Group [1]
Underlies Haney Limestone
Overlies Beech Creek Limestone
Location
Region Indiana
Country United States

The Big Clifty Formation is a geologic formation in Indiana. [2] It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period. [3]

In Illinois and Kentucky, the Big Clifty is referred to as the Big Clifty Sandstone and has been assigned to the Golconda Formation. [4]

See also

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Big Clifty Sandstone

The Big Clifty Sandstone is a geologic formation in Illinois and Kentucky. It is a subunit of the Golconda Formation in Kentucky and is correlative with the Fraileys Shale to which it grades to in southern Illinois. The Big Clifty and Golconda are part of the Chesterian Series of late Mississippian age. The Big Clifty Sandstone was deposited in deltaic to marginal marine environment by the paleo Michigan River which in modern directions flowed south from the Canadian shield, the sediment source, and then westward depositing sediment across Illinois, Kentucky, and Indiana, as the Big Clifty Formation of the Stephensport Group. At Mammoth Cave National Park the Big Clifty overlies the Girkin Formation, the uppermost of three cave forming carbonate formations which the Mammoth-Flint Ridge cave system spans. Below the Girkin Formation are the Ste. Genevieve Limestone, and the St. Louis Limestone respectively. The chemically resistant sediments comprising the Big Clifty, and similar siliciclastics, act as a caprock over the dissolving carbonates. The presence of the Big Clifty is one of several contributory factors that create favorable conditions for the formation, and subsequent preservation, of connected cavernous porosity in the Mammoth-Flint Ridge cave system.

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Whitewater Formation

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The Saluda Formation is a geologic formation in Ohio and Indiana. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.

Liberty Formation

The Liberty Formation is a geologic formation in Ohio and Indiana. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.

The Golconda Formation is a geologic formation in Kentucky. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period. In Indiana, the Golconda, it is called the Golconda Limestone and is part of the Stephensport Group.

Salem Limestone

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Davis Formation

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Eau Claire Formation

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The Brazil Formation is a geologic formation in Indiana consisting of shale, sandstone, clay, and coal. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period

Carbondale Formation

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The Linton Formation is a geologic formation in Indiana. It is the lower formation in the Carbondale Group, and includes six named members, "which, in ascending order, are the Seelyville Coal, Coxville Sandstone, Colchester Coal, Mecca Quarry Shale, Velpen Limestone, and Survant Coal Members, and unnamed units of sandstone, shale, and clay".

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References

  1. Henry Gray (1974), Haney Limestone (Stephensport Group, Chesterian, Mississippian) in Indiana, Indiana Geological and Water Survey, Wikidata   Q66309588
  2. "Big Clifty Formation". Igs.indiana.edu. Retrieved 30 June 2018.
  3. Various Contributors to the Paleobiology Database. "Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database" . Retrieved 17 December 2021.
  4. "Geolex — Golconda publications". Ngmdb.usgs.gov. Retrieved 30 June 2018.