Buergeria otai

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Buergeria otai
Buergeria otai male and female in amplexus.jpg
Male and female in amplexus
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Rhacophoridae
Genus: Buergeria
Species:
B. otai
Binomial name
Buergeria otai
Wang et al., 2020 [2] [3] [4]

Buergeria otai is a species of frogs in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to Taiwan [1] [5] [6] and found in the eastern and southern parts of the island. [1] [5] Buergeria choui , [a] with whom Buergeria otai was confused before being described as a distinct species in 2017, occurs in northwestern Taiwan. [2] The two species have only a narrow contact zone and can be distinguished based on genetic markers, calls, and morphology. [2]

Contents

Etymology

The specific name otai honours professor Hidetoshi Ota, in recognition of his "great contribution to herpetology and biogeography in East Asia". A common name Ota's stream tree frog has been suggested for this species. [2]

Description

Adult males measure 23–29 mm (0.91–1.14 in) and adult females 30–38 mm (1.2–1.5 in) in snout–vent length. The body is elongated and moderately slender. The tympanum is barely discernible, whereas the supratympanic fold is prominent. Males have comparatively large subgular vocal sac. The fingers are slender, without webbing, and bear medium-sized discs. The toes are long, partially webbed, and also bear medium-sized discs. Dorsal coloration is variable, depending on light conditions and the background. During the daytime, resting frogs are usually grayish. Calling males at night shows a range of colors, from gray, yellow, gold, light brown, to dark orange. There is a dark dorsal marking resembling the letter X or H that may almost fade away. Females usually turn brownish during amplexus. The chin and the belly are gray-white. The chin has small irregular mottling and there are tiny white spots on the ventral side of the thighs. [2]

Buergeria otai can emit two types of calls, "short calls" consisting of regular, long and lasting consecutive pulses (usually about 16–17), and "long calls" that have a major peak at the beginning, a serial of vary rapid pulses, and usually an ending with another short peak. The former call is similar to the call of Buergeria japonica, whereas the latter is unique. [2]

Calling male Buergeria otai male.jpg
Calling male
Dorsal view Buergeria otai dorsal view.jpg
Dorsal view

Habitat and conservation

Buergeria otai is associated with streams at elevations below 1,500 m (4,900 ft). They are primarily found in small ditches or shallow waters near the streams, rather than in the major river course. Reproduction can take place year round, but peak breeding occurs in April to July. The tadpoles are benthic herbivores or detritivores and live in shallow waters. Similarly to Buergeria choui, this species has a tolerance to high temperatures found in hot springs. The tadpoles may even seek high temperatures. Whether this species also shares the salt tolerance of Buergeria choui is unknown. [2]

Wang and colleagues suggest that Buergeria otai might be the most abundant rhacophorid in Taiwan; there are huge populations especially in the eastern part of Taiwan. [2] It is considered a fairly adaptable species that is not facing major threats. [1]

Notes

  1. At the time of the species description, these populations were still known as Buergeria japonica .

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group. (2021). "Buergeria otai". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2021: e.T146057852A146057860. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T146057852A146057860.en . Retrieved 14 January 2024.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Wang, Ying-Han; Hsiao, Yu-Wei; Lee, Ko-Huan; Tseng, Hui-Yun; Lin, Yen-Po; Komaki, Shohei & Lin, Si-Min (2017). "Acoustic differentiation and behavioral response reveals cryptic species within Buergeria treefrogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae) from Taiwan". PLOS ONE. 12 (9): e0184005. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1284005W. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184005 . PMC   5587266 . PMID   28877201.
  3. Wang, Ying-Han; Hsiao, Yu-Wei; Lee, Ko-Huan; Tseng, Hui-Yun; Lin, Yen-Po; Komaki, Shohei & Lin, Si-Min (2018). "Correction: Acoustic differentiation and behavioral response reveals cryptic species within Buergeria treefrogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae) from Taiwan". PLOS ONE. 13 (2): e0193040. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193040 . PMC   5811038 . PMID   29438390.
  4. Wang, Ying-Han; Hsiao, Yu-Wei; Lee, Ko-Huan; Tseng, Hui-Yun; Lin, Yen-Po; Komaki, Shohei & Lin, Si-Min (2020). 太田樹蛙的重新命名-修正電子期刊所衍生不適用的分類作為 [Renaming a new Buergeria species from Taiwan - correction of a nomenclatural act not available to ICZN]. Nature Conservation Quaternary (in Chinese (Taiwan)). 111: 4-13.
  5. 1 2 Frost, Darrel R. (2024). "Buergeria otai Wang, Hsiao, Lee, Tseng, Lin, Komaki, and Lin, 2017". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.2. American Museum of Natural History. doi:10.5531/db.vz.0001 . Retrieved 14 January 2024.
  6. Yang, Yi-Ju. "Buergeria otai Wang et al., 2020". Catalogue of life in Taiwan. Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taiwan. Retrieved 14 January 2024.