C11orf91

C11orf91
Identifiers
Aliases	C11orf91 , chromosome 11 open reading frame 91
External IDs	MGI: 1915493; HomoloGene: 41690; GeneCards: C11orf91; OMA:C11orf91 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 11 (human) [1] Band 11p13 Start 33,698,261 bp [1] End 33,700,826 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 2 (mouse) [2] Band 2|2 E2 Start 103,953,114 bp [2] End 103,955,094 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in testicle left testis right testis upper lobe of left lung olfactory zone of nasal mucosa right lung gastric mucosa minor salivary glands gastrocnemius muscle body of stomach Top expressed in spermatid seminiferous tubule zygote spermatocyte blastocyst embryo embryo primary oocyte secondary oocyte neural layer of retina More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 100131378 68243 Ensembl ENSG00000205177 ENSMUSG00000032671 UniProt Q3C1V1 Q9D1Z2 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001166692 NM_026634 RefSeq (protein) NP_001160164 NP_080910 Location (UCSC) Chr 11: 33.7 – 33.7 Mb Chr 2: 103.95 – 103.96 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Chromosome 11 open reading frame 91, or C11orf91 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the C11orf91 gene.

Gene

Conceptual translation of human C11orf91 gene/protein.

The C11orf91 gene consists of 5159 nucleotides with an mRNA of approximately 836 base pairs. ^{[5] [6]} There is one exon found in the C11orf91 gene.

mRNA

The cytogenetic band location of C11orf91 is 11p13 and is located on the minus strand of the DNA . ^[7]

Conceptual translation

Annotated depiction of the C11orf91 mRNA and amino acid protein sequences.

Protein

Tertiary Structure of human C11orf91 protein. Created with AlphaFold Protein Structure Database.

The C11orf91 gene encodes a protein that is 193 amino acids in length. ^{[9] [10]} The C11orf91 protein contains a domain of unknown function, DUF5529, that spans nearly the entire protein. RBMX protein binding sites were found to be highly conserved in several structures of human C11orf91 3'UTR and 5' UTR. ^{[11] [12]} C11orf91 is rich in serine and proline and poor in valine and asparagine. ^[13] There is a proline rich region found in the middle of the C11orf91. ^[14] The human C11orf91 protein is approximately 20 kDal and has an isoelectric point around 9. ^[15]

Localization

Human C11orf91 protein is predicted to be localized in vesicles. ^{[16] [17]}

Structure

C11orf91 has two helices located near the C-terminus and no beta sheets. ^{[18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [ excessive citations ]}

Post-translational modifications

C11orf91 has a predicted Protein kinase C (PKC) phosphorylation site, Casein kinase 2 (CK2) phosphorylation site, amidation site, and two predicted serine phosphorylation sites, see Conceptual Translation for post-translational modification site locations. ^{[25] [26] [27] [28]}

Evolution

Corrected Sequence Divergence vs. Median Date of Divergence graph for human C11orf91, Fibrinogen Alpha, and Cytochrome C.

There are no paralogs of the human C11orf91 protein. ^{[29] [30]} The human C11orf91 protein has several orthologs found across eight categories of jawed vertebrates including: aves, testudines, alligators, reptiles, mammals, amphibians, lungfishes, and cartilaginous fishes. ^[31]

Select Orthologs of C11orf91

Genus and Species	Common Name	Taxonomic Group	Median Date of Divergence (MYA)	Accession Number	Sequence Length (aa)	Sequence Identity to Human Protein (%)	Sequence Similarity to Human Protein (%)
Homo sapiens	Human	Primates	0	XP_016872542.1 [ dead link ]	193	100	100
Mus musculus	Mouse	Rodentia	87	NP_080910.1 [ dead link ]	194	81.7	84.3
Equus caballus	Horse	Odd-toed ungulates	94	XP_023509601.1 [ dead link ]	191	87	89.1
Choloepus didactylus	Southern two-toed sloth	Pilosa	99	XP_037697448.1 [ dead link ]	191	86.2	87.2
Phascolarctos cinereus	Koala	Diprotodontia	160	XP_020819588.1 [ dead link ]	212	67.1	70.8
Gopherus evgoodei	Goode's thornscrub tortoise	Testudines	319	XP_030417986.1 [ dead link ]	163	46.5	55.5
Pogona vitticeps	Central bearded dragon	Squamata	319	XP_020663275.1 [ dead link ]	168	44.3	54.7
Sphaerodactylus townsendi	Townsend's least gecko	Squamata	319	XP_048340539.1 [ dead link ]	168	43	51.7
Alligator mississippiensis	American alligator	Crocodilia	319	XP_059577366.1 [ dead link ]	157	41.4	51.2
Tyto alba	Barn owl	Strigiformes	319	XP_042641164.1 [ dead link ]	143	34.5	41.5
Calypte anna	Hummingbird	Apodiformes	319	XP_030307391.1 [ dead link ]	146	32.3	44.6
Gymnogyps californianus	California condor	Accipitriformes	319	XP_050754406.1 [ dead link ]	142	32.2	38.8
Dryobates pubescens	Downy woodpecker	Piciformes	319	XP_054027854.1 [ dead link ]	143	32.1	43.5
Dromaius novaehollandiae	Emu	Struthioniformes	319	XP_025967391.1 [ dead link ]	209	29.6	35.8
Rhinatrema bivittatum	Two-lined caecilians	Caecilidae	352	XP_029438087.1 [ dead link ]	144	45.1	57
Pleurodeles waltl	Iberian ribbed newt	Caudata	352	KAJ1177600.1	140	40.1	52.3
Hyla sarda	Sardinian tree frog	Anura	352	XP_056384394.1 [ dead link ]	153	27.4	37
Protopterus annectens	West African lungfish	Lepidosireniformes	408	XP_043915714.1 [ dead link ]	173	28.5	37.4
Pygocentrus nattereri	Red-bellied piranha	Characiformes	429	XP_017546298.1 [ dead link ]	147	25.9	37.1
Amblyraja radiata	Thorny skate	Rajiformes	462	XP_032894439.1 [ dead link ]	136	37.7	46.2

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000205177 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000032671 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Human chromosome 11 open reading frame 91 (C11orf91), mRNA. NCBI Nucleotide. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
6. Uncharacterized protein C11orf91 [Homo sapiens]. NCBI Protein. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
7. C11orf91 Gene. Gene Cards. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
8. AlphaFold Protein Structure Database. AlphaFold Protein Structure Database. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
9. Homo sapiens chromosome 11 open reading frame 91 (C11orf91), mRNA. NCBI Nucleotide. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
10. Uncharacterized protein C11orf91 [Homo sapiens]. NCBI Protein. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
11. RNA Folding Form Tool. The UNAFold Web Server. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
12. Predict Binding Sites from PWMs Tool. RBPDB.Retrieved 5 December 2023.
13. Statistical Analysis of Protein Sequences Tool. European Bioinformatics Institute. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
14. Homo sapiens chromosome 11 open reading frame 91 (C11orf91), mRNA. NCBI Nucleotide. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
15. PhosphoSitePlus Tool. PhosphoSitPlus. Retrieved 15 December 2023.
16. C11orf91 Polyclonal Antibody. ThermoFisher Scientific. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
17. The Human Protein Atlas entry on C11orf91. Human Protein Atlas. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
18. Chou & Fasman Secondary Structure Prediction Server. Biogem. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
19. JPred 4: A Protein Secondary Structure Prediction Server. JPred 4. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
20. Predict Protein Tool. Predictprotein. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
21. Ali2D Tool. MPI Bioinformatics Toolkit. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
22. I-TASSER Tool. The Yang Zhang Lab. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
23. AlphaFold Protein Structure Database. AlphaFold Protein Structure Database. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
24. NCBI Structure iCN3D. iCn3D: Web-based 3D Structure Viewer. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
25. MyHits Motif Scan Tool. SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
26. DTU Health Tech NetPhos 3.1 Tool. DTU Health Tech Department of Health Technology. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
27. GPS 6.0. Group Based Prediction System. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
28. PhosphoSitePlus Tool. Phosphosite. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
29. (National Center for Biotechnology Information) Basic Local Alignment Search Tool. NCBI BLAST. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
30. UCSC Genome Browser entry on Human GRCh38/hg38. UCSC Genome Browser. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
31. NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) entry on C11orf91 - chromosome 11 open reading frame 91 NCBI Orthologs . NCBI Protein. Retrieved 19 October 2023.