CSTF2

CSTF2
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1P1T, 2J8P
Identifiers
Aliases	CSTF2 , CstF-64, cleavage stimulation factor subunit 2
External IDs	OMIM: 300907 MGI: 1343054 HomoloGene: 80171 GeneCards: CSTF2
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	X chromosome (human)
End	100,841,520 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	X chromosome (mouse)
End	132,987,568 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	thymus; ; esophagus; ; palpebral conjunctiva; ; cavity of mouth; ; ovary; ; testicle;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	nucleic acid binding ; GO:0001948 protein binding ; mRNA binding ; RNA binding ;
Cellular component	mRNA cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor complex ; cleavage body ; nucleoplasm ; nucleus ; nuclear body ;
Biological process	mRNA splicing, via spliceosome ; termination of RNA polymerase II transcription ; mRNA processing ; mRNA 3'-end processing ; pre-mRNA cleavage required for polyadenylation ; tRNA splicing, via endonucleolytic cleavage and ligation ; mRNA polyadenylation ;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	1478
	108062
	ENSG00000101811
	ENSMUSG00000031256
	P33240
	Q8BIQ5
	NM_001306206 ; NM_001306209 ; NM_001325
	NM_001290398 ; NM_001290399 ; NM_133196 ; NM_001359053 ; NM_001359054 Contents Interactions ; References ; External links ; Further reading ;
	NP_001293135 ; NP_001293138 ; NP_001316 ; NP_001293135.1
	NP_001277327 ; NP_001277328 ; NP_573459 ; NP_001345982 ; NP_001345983
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Last updated March 28, 2022

Cleavage stimulation factor 64 kDa subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CSTF2 gene.^[5]^[6]

This gene encodes a nuclear protein with an RRM (RNA recognition motif) domain. The protein is a member of the cleavage stimulation factor (CSTF) complex that is involved in the 3' end cleavage and polyadenylation of pre-mRNAs. Specifically, this protein binds GU-rich elements within the 3'-untranslated region of mRNAs.^[6]

Interactions

CSTF2 has been shown to interact with CSTF3,^[7] SUB1,^[8] SYMPK,^[7] BARD1 ^[9]^[10] and BRCA1.^[9]^[10]

Related Research Articles

Polyadenylation is the addition of a poly(A) tail to an RNA transcript, typically a messenger RNA (mRNA). The poly(A) tail consists of multiple adenosine monophosphates; in other words, it is a stretch of RNA that has only adenine bases. In eukaryotes, polyadenylation is part of the process that produces mature mRNA for translation. In many bacteria, the poly(A) tail promotes degradation of the mRNA. It, therefore, forms part of the larger process of gene expression.

Cleavage stimulatory factor or cleavage stimulation factor is a heterotrimeric protein, made up of the proteins CSTF1 (55kDa), CSTF2 (64kDa) and CSTF3 (77kDa), totalling about 200 kDa. It is involved in the cleavage of the 3' signaling region from a newly synthesized pre-messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. CstF is recruited by cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) and assembles into a protein complex on the 3' end to promote the synthesis of a functional polyadenine tail, which results in a mature mRNA molecule ready to be exported from the cell nucleus to the cytosol for translation.

Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) is involved in the cleavage of the 3' signaling region from a newly synthesized pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) molecule in the process of gene transcription. It is the first protein to bind to the signaling region near the cleavage site of the pre-mRNA, to which the poly(A) tail will be added by polynucleotide adenylyltransferase. The upstream signaling region has the canonical nucleotide sequence AAUAAA, which is highly conserved across the vast majority of pre-mRNAs. A second downstream signaling region, located on the portion of the pre-mRNA that is cleaved before polyadenylation, consists of a GU-rich region required for efficient processing.

BRCA1-associated RING domain protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BARD1 gene. The human BARD1 protein is 777 amino acids long and contains a RING finger domain, four ankyrin repeats, and two tandem BRCT domains.

60S ribosomal protein L5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RPL5 gene.

Splicing factor U2AF 35 kDa subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the U2AF1 gene.

Activated RNA polymerase II transcriptional coactivator p15 also known as positive cofactor 4 (PC4) or SUB1 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SUB1 gene. The human SUB1 gene is named after an orthologous gene in yeast.

Cyclin-C is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCNC gene.

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 D1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the UBE2D1 gene.

Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 5 (CPSF5) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NUDT21 gene. It belongs to the Nudix family of hydrolases.

Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CPSF2 gene.

Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CPSF1 gene.

Poly(A) polymerase alpha is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PAPOLA gene.

Symplekin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SYMPK gene.

Cleavage stimulation factor 50 kDa subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CSTF1 gene.

Cleavage stimulation factor 77 kDa subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CSTF3 gene.

Cleavage stimulation factor 64 kDa subunit, tau variant is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CSTF2T gene.

Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CPSF3 gene.

Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CPSF4 gene.

General transcription factor IIF subunit 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GTF2F1 gene.

References

1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000101811 - Ensembl, May 2017
1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000031256 - Ensembl, May 2017
↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ Takagaki Y, MacDonald CC, Shenk T, Manley JL (March 1992). "The human 64-kDa polyadenylylation factor contains a ribonucleoprotein-type RNA binding domain and unusual auxiliary motifs". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 89 (4): 1403–7. Bibcode:1992PNAS...89.1403T. doi: 10.1073/pnas.89.4.1403 . PMC 48459 . PMID 1741396.
1 2 "Entrez Gene: CSTF2 cleavage stimulation factor, 3' pre-RNA, subunit 2, 64kDa".
1 2 Takagaki, Y; Manley J L (March 2000). "Complex protein interactions within the human polyadenylation machinery identify a novel component". Mol. Cell. Biol. 20 (5): 1515–25. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.5.1515-1525.2000. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 85326 . PMID 10669729.
↑ Calvo, O; Manley J L (May 2001). "Evolutionarily conserved interaction between CstF-64 and PC4 links transcription, polyadenylation, and termination". Mol. Cell. 7 (5): 1013–23. doi: 10.1016/S1097-2765(01)00236-2 . ISSN 1097-2765. PMID 11389848.
1 2 Kleiman, F E; Manley J L (March 2001). "The BARD1-CstF-50 interaction links mRNA 3' end formation to DNA damage and tumor suppression". Cell. 104 (5): 743–53. doi: 10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00270-7 . ISSN 0092-8674. PMID 11257228.
1 2 Kleiman, F E; Manley J L (September 1999). "Functional interaction of BRCA1-associated BARD1 with polyadenylation factor CstF-50". Science . 285 (5433): 1576–9. doi:10.1126/science.285.5433.1576. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 10477523.

External links

Human CSTF2 genome location and CSTF2 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser .

Takagaki Y, Manley JL (1992). "A human polyadenylation factor is a G protein beta-subunit homologue". J. Biol. Chem. 267 (33): 23471–4. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)35861-7 . PMID 1358884.
Murthy KG, Manley JL (1995). "The 160-kD subunit of human cleavage-polyadenylation specificity factor coordinates pre-mRNA 3'-end formation". Genes Dev. 9 (21): 2672–83. doi: 10.1101/gad.9.21.2672 . PMID 7590244.
Takagaki Y, Manley JL (1994). "A polyadenylation factor subunit is the human homologue of the Drosophila suppressor of forked protein". Nature. 372 (6505): 471–4. Bibcode:1994Natur.372..471T. doi:10.1038/372471a0. PMID 7984242. S2CID 4329672.
Rüegsegger U, Beyer K, Keller W (1996). "Purification and characterization of human cleavage factor Im involved in the 3' end processing of messenger RNA precursors". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (11): 6107–13. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.11.6107 . PMID 8626397.
Schul W, Groenhout B, Koberna K, et al. (1996). "The RNA 3' cleavage factors CstF 64 kDa and CPSF 100 kDa are concentrated in nuclear domains closely associated with coiled bodies and newly synthesized RNA". EMBO J. 15 (11): 2883–92. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb00649.x. PMC 450226 . PMID 8654386.
Takagaki Y, Seipelt RL, Peterson ML, Manley JL (1997). "The polyadenylation factor CstF-64 regulates alternative processing of IgM heavy chain pre-mRNA during B cell differentiation". Cell. 87 (5): 941–52. doi: 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)82000-0 . PMID 8945520.
Takagaki Y, Manley JL (1997). "RNA recognition by the human polyadenylation factor CstF". Mol. Cell. Biol. 17 (7): 3907–14. doi:10.1128/MCB.17.7.3907. PMC 232243 . PMID 9199325.
Martincic K, Campbell R, Edwalds-Gilbert G, et al. (1998). "Increase in the 64-kDa subunit of the polyadenylation/cleavage stimulatory factor during the G0 to S phase transition". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95 (19): 11095–100. Bibcode:1998PNAS...9511095M. doi: 10.1073/pnas.95.19.11095 . PMC 21601 . PMID 9736695.
Takagaki Y, Manley JL (1999). "Levels of polyadenylation factor CstF-64 control IgM heavy chain mRNA accumulation and other events associated with B cell differentiation". Mol. Cell. 2 (6): 761–71. doi: 10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80291-9 . PMID 9885564.
Kleiman FE, Manley JL (1999). "Functional interaction of BRCA1-associated BARD1 with polyadenylation factor CstF-50". Science. 285 (5433): 1576–9. doi:10.1126/science.285.5433.1576. PMID 10477523.
Takagaki Y, Manley JL (2000). "Complex protein interactions within the human polyadenylation machinery identify a novel component". Mol. Cell. Biol. 20 (5): 1515–25. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.5.1515-1525.2000. PMC 85326 . PMID 10669729.
Dass B, McMahon KW, Jenkins NA, et al. (2001). "The gene for a variant form of the polyadenylation protein CstF-64 is on chromosome 19 and is expressed in pachytene spermatocytes in mice". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (11): 8044–50. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M009091200 . PMID 11113135.
Kleiman FE, Manley JL (2001). "The BARD1-CstF-50 interaction links mRNA 3' end formation to DNA damage and tumor suppression". Cell. 104 (5): 743–53. doi: 10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00270-7 . PMID 11257228.
Calvo O, Manley JL (2001). "Evolutionarily conserved interaction between CstF-64 and PC4 links transcription, polyadenylation, and termination". Mol. Cell. 7 (5): 1013–23. doi: 10.1016/S1097-2765(01)00236-2 . PMID 11389848.
Bléoo S, Sun X, Hendzel MJ, et al. (2002). "Association of human DEAD box protein DDX1 with a cleavage stimulation factor involved in 3'-end processing of pre-MRNA". Mol. Biol. Cell. 12 (10): 3046–59. doi:10.1091/mbc.12.10.3046. PMC 60154 . PMID 11598190.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi: 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . PMC 139241 . PMID 12477932.
Pérez Cañadillas JM, Varani G (2003). "Recognition of GU-rich polyadenylation regulatory elements by human CstF-64 protein". EMBO J. 22 (11): 2821–30. doi:10.1093/emboj/cdg259. PMC 156756 . PMID 12773396.
Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi: 10.1038/ng1285 . PMID 14702039.
Xing H, Mayhew CN, Cullen KE, et al. (2004). "HSF1 modulation of Hsp70 mRNA polyadenylation via interaction with symplekin". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (11): 10551–5. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M311719200 . PMID 14707147.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000101811 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000031256 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid1741396-5] Takagaki Y, MacDonald CC, Shenk T, Manley JL (March 1992). "The human 64-kDa polyadenylylation factor contains a ribonucleoprotein-type RNA binding domain and unusual auxiliary motifs". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 89 (4): 1403–7. Bibcode:1992PNAS...89.1403T. doi: 10.1073/pnas.89.4.1403 . PMC 48459 . PMID 1741396.

[entrez-6] 1 2 "Entrez Gene: CSTF2 cleavage stimulation factor, 3' pre-RNA, subunit 2, 64kDa".

[pmid10669729-7] 1 2 Takagaki, Y; Manley J L (March 2000). "Complex protein interactions within the human polyadenylation machinery identify a novel component". Mol. Cell. Biol. 20 (5): 1515–25. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.5.1515-1525.2000. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 85326 . PMID 10669729.

[pmid11389848-8] Calvo, O; Manley J L (May 2001). "Evolutionarily conserved interaction between CstF-64 and PC4 links transcription, polyadenylation, and termination". Mol. Cell. 7 (5): 1013–23. doi: 10.1016/S1097-2765(01)00236-2 . ISSN 1097-2765. PMID 11389848.

[pmid11257228-9] 1 2 Kleiman, F E; Manley J L (March 2001). "The BARD1-CstF-50 interaction links mRNA 3' end formation to DNA damage and tumor suppression". Cell. 104 (5): 743–53. doi: 10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00270-7 . ISSN 0092-8674. PMID 11257228.

[pmid10477523-10] 1 2 Kleiman, F E; Manley J L (September 1999). "Functional interaction of BRCA1-associated BARD1 with polyadenylation factor CstF-50". Science . 285 (5433): 1576–9. doi:10.1126/science.285.5433.1576. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 10477523.

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CSTF2

Contents

Interactions

Related Research Articles

References

External links

Further reading