Caladenia bruniella

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Caladenia bruniella
Caladenia bruniella.jpg
In Port Lincoln Tourist Park
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Tribe: Diurideae
Genus: Caladenia
Species:
C. bruniella
Binomial name
Caladenia bruniella
(R.J.Bates) R.J.Bates [1]
Synonyms [1]
  • Arachnorchis bruniellaR.J.Bates
  • Arachnorchis sp. 'Small brown bayonets'
  • Arachnorchis sp. Brown bayonets (R.Bates 59762) R.J.Bates
  • Pterostylis bruniella(R.J.Bates) J.M.H.Shaw

Caladenia bruniella is a species of flowering plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the south of South Australia. It is a small, clumping orchid with a single hairy leaf, and usually a single cream-coloured, green, maroon and chocolate-coloured flower with red markings on a hairy stalk 12–18 mm (0.47–0.71 in) long.

Contents

Description

Caladenia bruniella is a small, terrestrial, hairy, herb with an underground tuber that sometimes grows in clumps of 2 to 6 plants. It has a single, hairy, linear to oblong leaf, 40–120 mm (1.6–4.7 in) long, 4–9 mm (0.16–0.35 in) wide and green above, red on the lower surface. A single cream-coloured, green, maroon and chocolate-coloured flower is borne on a rigid, hairy flowering spike, 12–18 mm (0.47–0.71 in) tall. The sepals and petals are lance-shaped, 20–30 mm (0.79–1.18 in) long and cream-coloured to pale yellow, with a broad, central maroon stripe. The dorsal sepal is rigidly erect, up to 20 mm (0.79 in) long and the lateral sepals spread in front of the flower, up to 30 mm (1.2 in) long and 3 mm (0.12 in) wide with glands that are longer than on the dorsal sepal. The petals are smaller than the sepals, up to 20 mm (0.79 in) long and 1.0–1.5 mm (0.039–0.059 in) wide. The labellum has 3 lobes and is cream-coloured, green and maroon, 10–12 mm (0.39–0.47 in) long and wide. The throat of the labellum is cream-coloured with a few red marks and lines, the middle lobe is deep maroon with the tip rolled under, the mid-section with 4 or 5 bright green, erect teeth up to 2 mm (0.079 in) long. There are 4 to 6 irregular rows of calli along the centre of the labellum. Flowering occurs from September to October. [2]

Taxonomy and naming

This species of orchid was first formally described in 2016 by Robert John Bates who gave it the name Arachnorchis bruniella in Australian Orchid Research from specimens he collected at Snook Landing, Port Lincoln in 2013. [2] [3] In 2016, Bates transferred the species to Caladenia as C. bruniella in a later edition of Australian Orchid Review. [4] [5] The specific epithet (bruniella) is from a Latin word meaning 'little brown', referring to the glands on the sepals. [2]

Distribution and habitat

This caladenia grows in fertile soils in low mallee and under native Callitris between Venus Bay, the Calpattana Waterhole near Sceale Bay, and the hills near Port Pirie, and usually no more than 20 km (12 mi) from the coast. [2]

Related Research Articles

<i>Caladenia ampla</i> Species of orchid

Caladenia ampla, commonly known as the dainty spider orchid, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Victoria. It is a ground orchid with a single hairy leaf and a single flower which is sometimes yellowish-green flower with red stripes and sometimes entirely red.

<i>Caladenia ancylosa</i> Species of orchid

Caladenia ancylosa, commonly known as the Genoa spider orchid, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Victoria. It is a ground orchid with a single hairy leaf and a single cream-coloured flower with red markings.

Caladenia atrochila is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Tasmania. It is a ground orchid with a single hairy leaf and flowers that are whitish or pinkish on the front, but yellowish-green on the back and a cream-coloured labellum with dark red markings.

Caladenia atroclavia, commonly known as the black-clubbed spider orchid, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Queensland. It is a ground orchid with a single hairy leaf and a pale greenish-cream coloured flower with dark purple clubs and red patches on the petals.

Caladenia campbellii, commonly known as thickstem fairy fingers or thick-stem caladenia, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Tasmania. It is a ground orchid with a single, sparsely hairy leaf and one or two flowers that are pinkish on the outside and cream-coloured on the inside. The flowers are self-pollinating and short-lived.

<i>Caladenia clavescens</i> Species of orchid

Caladenia clavescens is a plant in the orchid family, Orchidaceae and is endemic to central Victoria in Australia. It is a ground orchid with a single hairy leaf and usually a single dark red to maroon flower.

<i>Caladenia cretacea</i> Species of orchid

Caladenia cretacea, commonly known as Stuart Mill spider orchid, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to a small area in Victoria. It is a rare ground orchid with a single leaf and one or two white flowers on a hairy stalk.

<i>Caladenia cruscula</i> Species of orchid

Caladenia cruscula, commonly known as the reclining spider orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to a small area in the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single hairy leaf and a single cream-coloured flower with a long red fringe on the sides of its labellum.

<i>Caladenia curtisepala</i> Species of orchid

Caladenia curtisepala, commonly known as short-hooded fingers, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a ground orchid with a single hairy leaf, and a single white to cream-coloured flower with a white labellum with red bands.

Caladenia leptoclavia, commonly known as the thin-clubbed spider orchid, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It is a ground orchid with a single hairy leaf and a single pale cream-coloured to yellow flower with dark reddish stripes.

Caladenia armata is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the Australian Capital Territory. It has a single dull green leaf with purple blotches near the base, and a single cream-coloured to pink flower with red to maroon markings. It is only known from a single population containing fewer than ten plants.

Caladenia branwhitei, commonly known as the Bethungra spider orchid, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to southern New South Wales. It has a single dull green leaf and one or two, usually dark red to maroon-coloured flowers. It is only known from three areas near Bethungra where it grows in ironbark forest.

Caladenia cadyi is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the south coast of New South Wales. It has a single dull green leaf with purple blotches near the base, and a single greenish cream to cream flower with pink to reddish markings. It was only known from a single population which has been bulldozed and replaced with a pine plantation so that it is now probably extinct.

Caladenia douglasiorum is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to central Victoria in Australia. It is a ground orchid with a single hairy leaf and a single greenish-cream to yellowish flower with red marks.

Caladenia ensigera is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to South Australia. It is a ground orchid with a single leaf and one or two greenish cream to whitish green flowers and is only known from Alligator Gorge in the Mount Remarkable National Park.

Caladenia saxatilis is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to South Australia. It is a ground orchid with a single hairy leaf and one or two pale creamy-green flowers, sometimes with thin reddish lines. It occurs in the southern Flinders Ranges.

Caladenia flindersica is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to South Australia. It is a ground orchid with a single leaf and one or two cream-coloured flowers with thin dark red to blackish tips on the petals and sepals. It is only known from Alligator Gorge in the Mount Remarkable National Park.

Caladenia interanea, commonly known as the inland spider orchid, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the Eyre Peninsula in South Australia. It is a ground orchid with a single hairy leaf and a single green flower with dark red stripes.

Caladenia zephyra is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to South Australia. It is a ground orchid with a single, densely hairy leaf and a single cream-coloured to very pale yellow flower with blackish glandular hairs on the sepals and petals. It occurs on the Eyre Peninsula but may have a wider distribution.

Caladenia fuliginosa is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the Yorke Peninsula in South Australia. It is a ground orchid with a single hairy leaf and a single relatively large, creamy-yellow flower, sometimes with reddish lines. The flowers have a smell resembling hot metal.

References

  1. 1 2 "Caladenia bruniella". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 10 August 2024.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Bates, Robert J. (2016). "Two new Caladeniinae Orchidaceae) from South Australia". Australian Orchid Review. 81 (4): 41–43. Retrieved 11 August 2024.
  3. "Arachnorchis bruniella". APNI. Retrieved 11 August 2024.
  4. "Caladenia bruniella". APNI. Retrieved 11 August 2024.
  5. Bates, Robert J. (2016). "New combinations in the South Australian Caladeniinae". Australian Orchid Review. 81 (6): 63. Retrieved 11 August 2024.