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 The preserved Caledonian 439 Class at Bo’ness | |||||||||||||||||||||
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The Caledonian Railway 439 Class is a class of 0-4-4 T steam locomotive. It was a development of earlier Caledonian Railway 0-4-4T locomotives, including the 19 Class and 92 Class, and predecessor of the 431 Class. The 439 Class was introduced by John F. McIntosh in 1900 and a modified version was introduced by William Pickersgill in 1915.
Ninety-two engines of the class were built between 1900 and 1925, a few under LMS auspices. Seventy-four Class 439s passed into British Railways ownership in 1948 and they were numbered 55159-55236 (with gaps).
The 19 and 92 Classes were originally fitted with condensing apparatus for use on Glasgow Central Low Level lines. Twenty-four of them passed into British Railways ownership and they were numbered 55119-55146 (with gaps).
In 1922 Pickersgill introduced the 431 Class with larger cylinders and a cast-iron front buffer beam for banking. This was possibly to move the centre of gravity forwards and put more weight on the driving wheels. However, it was unusual to use a large-wheeled 0-4-4T (rather than a small-wheeled 0-6-0T) for banking. The 431 Class was numbered 431–434 by the Caledonian, 15237–15240 by the LMS, and 55237–55240 by British Railways.
In 1925 the LMS introduced their own version of the 439 Class and these were numbered 55260–55269 by British Railways.
In the 431 and LMS classes, the cylinder bore was increased to 18+1⁄4 in (460 mm), increasing the tractive effort to 19,200 lbf (85,000 N).
One example, CR 419, (later LMS number 15189, BR 55189) has been preserved and is the flagship locomotive of the Scottish Railway Preservation Society. [1]
The London, Midland and Scottish Railway had the largest stock of steam locomotives of any of the 'Big Four' Grouping, i.e. pre-Nationalisation railway companies in the UK. Despite early troubles arising from factions within the new company, the LMS went on to build some very successful designs; many lasted until the end of steam traction on British Railways in 1968. For an explanation of numbering and classification, see British Rail locomotive and multiple unit numbering and classification.
In 1919, the Midland Railway built a single 0-10-0 steam locomotive, No 2290. It was designed by James Anderson for banking duties on the Lickey Incline in Worcestershire, England. It became known as "Big Bertha" or "Big Emma" by railwaymen and railway enthusiasts.
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, a 2-6-4 locomotive has two leading wheels, six coupled driving wheels and four trailing wheels.
The London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Fairburn Tank 2-6-4T is a class of steam locomotive. They were designed by Charles E. Fairburn for the LMS. 277 of these locomotives were built between 1945 and 1951, numbered in the range 42050–42186, (4)2187–(4)2299, (4)2673–(4)2699.
The Caledonian Railway 60 Class were 4-6-0 passenger engines designed by William Pickersgill and introduced in 1916. Six were built by the Caledonian Railway at its own St. Rollox works in 1916–17, and all of them passed into LMS ownership in 1923. A further twenty locomotives of a slightly modified design were built by the LMS under the auspices of George Hughes in the period of 1925–1926.
The Caledonian Railway 300 Class were freight 0-6-0 tender engines introduced in 1918 and designed by William Pickersgill. Forty-three were built between 1918 and 1920. They were numbered 294–324, 280, 281, 670–679 by the Caledonian Railway.
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-4-4 represents the wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, four powered and coupled driving wheels on two axles, and four trailing wheels on two axles. This type was only used for tank locomotives.
The London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Fowler 2-6-4T was a class of steam locomotive passenger tank engine designed by Henry Fowler.
William Pickersgill was an English railway engineer, and was chief mechanical engineer of the Caledonian Railway from 1914 until Grouping in 1923. He was appointed locomotive superintendent of the Northern Division of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway but retired in 1925. He died in Bournemouth.
The Caledonian Railway 72 Class was a class of 4-4-0 steam locomotives introduced by William Pickersgill for the Caledonian Railway (CR) in 1920. Thirty-two locomotives were built and all survived to be taken over by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) in 1923 and by British Railways (BR) in 1948. The earlier 113 Class, of which 16 were produced, were similar but slightly smaller. These were the Caledonian's last express passenger locomotives, and technically, the last of the Dunalastair series, and were unofficially dubbed, Dunalastair V.
John Farquharson McIntosh (1846-1918) was a Scottish engineer. He was Chief Mechanical Engineer of the Caledonian Railway from 1895 to 1914. He was succeeded by William Pickersgill.
The Caledonian Railway 782 Class was a class of 0-6-0T steam locomotives designed by John F. McIntosh and introduced in 1896. The 29 Class was similar but fitted with condensing apparatus. The locomotives were taken into London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) ownership in 1923 and into British Railways (BR) ownership in 1948.
Caledonian Railway 0-4-4T steam locomotives were built for the Caledonian Railway, in Scotland, over many years. Most survived into London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) ownership in 1923 and some into British Railways (BR) ownership in 1948. Designers included Dugald Drummond, John Lambie, John F. McIntosh and William Pickersgill. A development of the Pickersgill design was introduced by the LMS in 1925.
The locomotives of the Highland Railway were used by the Highland Railway to operate its lines in the north of Scotland. The Highland Railway locomotive works was at Lochgorm, Inverness. The works had been built about 1855 by the Inverness and Nairn Railway. The locomotive classes are listed under the names of the railway's Locomotive Superintendents.
The Caledonian Railway 721 Class was a class of 4-4-0 steam locomotives designed by John F. McIntosh for the Caledonian Railway (CR) and introduced in 1896. Taking their name from the estate in Perthshire owned by the Caledonian’s then deputy chairman, J.C.Bunten, all survived to be absorbed by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) in 1923 and a few survived into British Railways (BR) ownership in 1948.
The G&SWR 5 Class were 0-6-0T steam locomotives designed by Peter Drummond for the Glasgow and South Western Railway (G&SWR) and introduced in 1917. The class was originally designated 5 Class but, after the G&SWR's 1919 renumbering, this was changed to 322 Class. After passing to the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) in 1923 they were given power classification 2F.
The Caledonian Railway 49 Class and 903 Class were 4-6-0 express passenger locomotives designed by John F. McIntosh and built at the Caledonian Railway's own St. Rollox Works in 1903 and 1906 respectively.
The Caledonian Railway 944 Class were 4-6-2T passenger tank locomotives designed by William Pickersgill and built in 1917, at the North British Locomotive Company's Hyde Park Works in Glasgow. They were the Caledonian Railway's only Pacific-type.
 | This article relies largely or entirely on a single source .(April 2008) |