| Cao Hui 曹徽 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prince of Dongping (東平王) | |||||||||
| Tenure | 232 – February or March 242 | ||||||||
| Successor | Cao Xi | ||||||||
| Prince of Shouzhang (壽張王) | |||||||||
| Tenure | 223–232 | ||||||||
| Prince of Lujiang (廬江王) | |||||||||
| Tenure | 222–223 | ||||||||
| Born | Unknown | ||||||||
| Died | February or March 242 [lower-alpha 1] | ||||||||
| Issue | Cao Xi | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| House | House of Cao | ||||||||
| Father | Cao Cao | ||||||||
| Mother | Consort Song | ||||||||
Cao Hui (died February or March 242) [lower-alpha 1] was an imperial prince of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China.
Cao Hui was a son of Cao Cao, a warlord who rose to prominence towards the end of the Han dynasty and laid the foundation for the Cao Wei state. His mother was Consort Song (宋姬), a concubine of Cao Cao. [2] He was designated as the heir of his uncle, Cao Yu (曹玉), because the latter had no son to succeed him when he died. [lower-alpha 2] [3] In 217, Cao Hui was enfeoffed as the "Marquis of Licheng" (歷城侯) by Emperor Xian, the figurehead emperor of the Han dynasty. [4]
In 220, following Cao Cao's death, Cao Hui's half-brother Cao Pi usurped the throne from Emperor Xian, ended the Han dynasty, and established the Cao Wei state with himself as the new emperor. The following year, Cao Pi enfeoffed Cao Hui as a duke. In 222, Cao Pi elevated Cao Hui from the status of a duke to a prince under the title "Prince of Lujiang" (廬江王). He changed Cao Hui's title to "Prince of Shouzhang" (壽張王) in 223 and designated Shouzhang County (壽張縣; south of present-day Dongping County, Shandong) as Cao Hui's princedom in the following year. [5]
In 232, Cao Pi's successor, Cao Rui, changed Cao Hui's title to "Prince of Dongping" (東平王) after upgrading his princedom from Shouzhang County to the entire Dongping Commandery (with Shouzhang County as its administrative centre). In 234, someone reported Cao Hui to the imperial court after he ordered his subordinate(s) to beat up an official in Shouzhang County. As punishment for his misconduct, Cao Hui had one county with 500 taxable households removed from his princedom. However, the county and its 500 households were returned to him within the same year. [6]
Cao Hui died sometime between 17 February and 18 March 242 [lower-alpha 1] during the reign of Cao Rui's successor Cao Fang, and was given the posthumous title "Prince Ling" (靈王).
Cao Hui's son, Cao Xi (曹翕), succeeded him as the Prince of Dongping. The number of taxable households in the Dongping princedom increased throughout the reigns of the subsequent Wei emperors until it reached 3,400. [7] After the Jin dynasty (266–420) replaced the Cao Wei state, Cao Xi pledged allegiance to the new emperor Sima Yan (Emperor Wu), who enfeoffed him as the "Duke of Linqiu" (廩丘). Among all the former Wei nobles, Cao Xi was the most famous after Cao Zhi (曹志), the Duke of Zhencheng (鄄城公). [8]
In 266, Cao Xi sent his son and heir apparent, Cao Kun (曹琨), to pay tribute to Emperor Wu Di. The emperor issued an imperial decree to praise Cao Xi for his loyalty towards the Jin dynasty and awarded Cao Kun the appointment of a Cavalry Commandant (騎都尉), a set of official robes, and 100,000 coins. Cao Xi was known for studying medicine and writing books with Huangfu Mi, a physician who lived around the same time as him. [9]
Cao Ang, courtesy name Zixiu, was the eldest son of Cao Cao, a warlord who rose to power towards the end of the Han dynasty and laid the foundation of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was killed at the Battle of Wancheng in 197.
Cao Jun, courtesy name Zi'an, was a prince of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was a son of Cao Cao, a warlord who rose to prominence towards the end of the Han dynasty and laid the foundation for the Cao Wei state. His mother was Lady Qin (秦夫人), a concubine of Cao Cao. She also bore Cao Cao another son, Cao Xuan. Cao Jun was enfeoffed as the Marquis of Mei (郿侯) in 216 during the reign of Emperor Xian in the Eastern Han dynasty. His marquisate was changed to Xiangyi County in the following year. In 221, a year after Cao Jun's elder half-brother Cao Pi ended the Han dynasty and established the state of Cao Wei, Cao Jun was promoted from a marquis to a duke. In 222, he received the title "Prince of Chenliu" (陳留王). Two years later, his princedom was changed from Chenliu to Xiangyi County. In 232, during the reign of Cao Pi's son Cao Rui, Cao Jun's princedom was relocated back to Chenliu. Cao Jun died in 259 during the reign of Cao Mao.
Cao Yu, courtesy name Pengzu, was a prince of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was a son of Cao Cao, a warlord who rose to power towards the end of the Han dynasty and laid the foundation of Wei. Cao Yu's son, Cao Huan, was the fifth and last emperor of Wei.
Cao Lin was an imperial prince of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was a son of Cao Pi, the first Wei emperor, and the biological father of Cao Mao, the fourth Wei emperor.
This article contains the family trees of members of the Sun clan, who ruled the state of Eastern Wu (229–280), in the Three Kingdoms period (220–280), in China.
This article contains the family trees of members of the Liu clan, who ruled the state of Shu Han (221-263) in the Three Kingdoms period (220-280) in China. They were related to the House of Liu, the imperial clan of the Han dynasty.
This article contains the family trees of members of the Cao clan, who ruled the state of Cao Wei (220–265) in the Three Kingdoms period (220–280) in China. Only Cao Cao's lineage is shown in this article. The lineages of his relatives, such as Cao Ren, Cao Zhen and others, are not included here.
Cao Yong was a prince in the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was a son of Cao Pi, the first emperor of Wei. His mother, Consort Su (蘇姬), was a concubine of Cao Pi. He was enfeoffed as the Duke of Huainan (淮南公) in 221, with his dukedom in Jiujiang Commandery (九江郡). In 222, he was elevated to the status of Prince of Huainan (淮南王). A year later, his title was changed to Prince of Chen (陳王). In 225, his title was changed again to Prince of Handan (邯鄲王). He died in 229 during the reign of his half-brother Cao Rui. He had no offspring.
Cao Li was a prince in the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was a son of Cao Pi, the first emperor of Wei. His mother, Consort Xu (徐姬), was a concubine of Cao Pi. He had two full sisters: the elder one was Princess Linfen (臨汾公主) while the younger one, who was unnamed, died early. Cao Li was enfeoffed as the Duke of Qin (秦公) in 221, with his dukedom in Jingzhao Commandery (京兆郡). In 222, he was elevated to the status of Prince of Jingzhao (京兆王). In 225, his title was changed to Prince of Yuancheng (元城王). He died in 229 during the reign of his half-brother Cao Rui. He has no offspring.
Cao Rui was a prince in the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was a son of Cao Pi, the first emperor of Wei. His mother, whose family name was Pan (潘), was a concubine of Cao Pi holding the rank of shuyuan. He was enfeoffed as the Prince of Yangping County (陽平縣王) in 226 after his half-brother, Cao Rui, succeeded their father as the emperor of Wei. In 232, his title was changed to Prince of Beihai (北海王). He died in 233 and had no offspring.
Cao Zizheng was a son of Cao Cao, a warlord who rose to power in the late Eastern Han dynasty and laid the foundation for the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. His mother was Lady Li (李姬), a concubine of Cao Cao. She also bore Cao Cao two other sons: Cao Zicheng and Cao Zijing. As his uncle Cao Shao (曹紹) had no heir, Cao Zizheng was adopted as Cao Shao's son. In 217, he was enfeoffed as the Marquis of Mei (郿侯). He died in the following year without a son to succeed him.
Cao Ju was a son of Cao Cao, a warlord who rose to power in the late Eastern Han dynasty and laid the foundation for the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. His mother was Lady Yin (尹夫人), a concubine of Cao Cao. He died early and had no son to succeed him.
Cao Xuan was a son of Cao Cao, a warlord who rose to power in the late Eastern Han dynasty and laid the foundation for the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. His mother was Lady Qin (秦夫人), a concubine of Cao Cao. She also bore Cao Cao another son, Cao Jun. He was enfeoffed as the Marquis of Xi District (西鄉侯) in 211 by Emperor Xian, the last emperor of the Han dynasty. He died sometime before or in 215, and had no son to succeed him.
Cao Lin was a prince of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was a son of Cao Cao, a warlord who rose to prominence towards the end of the Han dynasty and laid the foundation for the Cao Wei state. His mother was Lady Du (杜夫人), a concubine of Cao Cao. She also bore Cao Cao another son, Cao Gun. In 211, Emperor Xian, the last emperor of the Han dynasty, enfeoffed Cao Lin as the Marquis of Raoyang (饒陽侯). In 217, Cao Lin's title was changed to "Marquis of Qiao" (譙侯). In 221, a year after Cao Lin's half-brother Cao Pi usurped the throne from Emperor Xian and became the first emperor of the Cao Wei state, he enfeoffed Cao Lin as the Duke of Qiao (譙公). One year later, Cao Pi elevated Cao Lin from a duke to a prince under the title "Prince of Qiao" (譙王). In 226, he changed Cao Lin's title to "Prince of Juancheng" (鄄城王). In 232, Cao Pi's successor, Cao Rui, changed Cao Lin's title to "Prince of Pei" (沛王). Throughout the reigns of the subsequent Wei emperors, the number of taxable households in Cao Lin's dukedom increased until it reached 4,700. After Cao Lin died in 256, his son Cao Wei (曹緯) inherited his princedom as the new Prince of Pei. Cao Lin had a daughter, who married Ji Kang.
Cao Shuo was a son of Cao Cao, a warlord who rose to prominence towards the end of the Han dynasty and laid the foundation for the Cao Wei state during the Three Kingdoms period of China. His mother was Lady Liu (劉夫人), a concubine of Cao Cao. She also bore Cao Cao another son and a daughter. He died sometime before the Cao Wei state was established in 220. In 229, the second Wei emperor, Cao Rui, honoured Cao Shuo with the posthumous title "Prince Shang of Xiang" (相殤王). In 233, Cao Rui designated Cao Shuo's son, Cao Qian (曹潛), as the Prince of Xiang (相王), but Cao Qian died in the same year and was posthumously honoured as "Prince Min of Xiang" (相愍王). In 234, Cao Rui designated Cao Yan (曹偃), Cao Qian's son, as the new Prince of Xiang and granted him a princedom containing 2,500 taxable households. Cao Yan died in 236 and was posthumously honoured as "Prince Huai of Xiang" (相懷王). Since Cao Yan had no son to succeed him, his princedom was abolished. In 255, the fifth Wei emperor Cao Mao designated Cao Song (曹竦), a son of Cao Mao, as Cao Yan's successor and restored the princedom.
Cao Biao, courtesy name Zhuhu, was an imperial prince of the Cao Wei state in the Three Kingdoms period of China.
Cao Gan, also known as Cao Liang, was an imperial prince of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China.
Cao Ju was an imperial prince of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China.
Cao Mao was an imperial prince of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China.
Cao Gun was an imperial prince of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China.