| Cao Lin 曹霖 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prince of Donghai (東海王) | |||||||||
| Tenure | 232 – 5 February 251 | ||||||||
| Successor | Cao Qi | ||||||||
| Prince of Guantao (館陶王) | |||||||||
| Tenure | 225–232 | ||||||||
| Prince of Hedong (河東王) | |||||||||
| Tenure | 8 April 222 – 225 | ||||||||
| Born | Unknown | ||||||||
| Died | 5 February 251 [lower-alpha 1] | ||||||||
| Issue | Cao Qi Cao Mao | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| House | House of Cao | ||||||||
| Father | Cao Pi | ||||||||
| Mother | Lady Qiu | ||||||||
Cao Lin (died 5 February 251) [1] was an imperial prince of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was a son of Cao Pi, the first Wei emperor, and the biological father of Cao Mao, the fourth Wei emperor.
Cao Lin's father was Cao Pi, the first emperor of Wei. His mother, whose maiden family name was Qiu (仇), was a concubine of Cao Pi holding the rank of zhaoyi (昭儀; translated "Lady of Bright Deportment"). [2] He was enfeoffed as the Prince of Hedong (河東王) in 222 during the reign of his father. In 225, his title was changed to "Prince of Guantao" (館陶王). [3]
In 227, after Cao Pi's death, Cao Lin's half-brother Cao Rui succeeded their father and became the second emperor of Wei. Cao Rui treated Cao Lin in an exceptionally generous manner in accordance with their father's final wishes. Cao Lin was known for being prone to domestic violence; he abused and killed servants and concubines alike. In 232, his title was changed again to "Prince of Donghai" (東海王). He died on 5 February 251 during the reign of Cao Fang, the third emperor of Wei. He was honoured with the posthumous title "Prince Ding" (定王). [1] [4]
Cao Lin had two sons: Cao Qi (曹啟) and Cao Mao (曹髦). The elder one, Cao Qi, inherited his princedom and became the next Prince of Donghai. Over the reigns of the subsequent Wei emperors, the number of taxable households in the Donghai princedom increased until it reached 6,200. Cao Lin's younger son, Cao Mao, initially held the title "Duke of Gaogui District" (高貴鄉公). In 254, following Cao Fang's death, Empress Dowager Guo selected Cao Mao to be the fourth emperor of Wei. In accordance with imperial customs, Cao Mao was adopted as a posthumous son of Cao Rui so that his succession would be considered legitimate. [5]
Sons:
| Cao Song (d. 193) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cao Cao (155–220) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Lady Ding | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cao Pi (187–226) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Bian Guang | |||||||||||||||||||
| Bian Yuan | |||||||||||||||||||
| Lady Zhou | |||||||||||||||||||
| Empress Wuxuan (161–230) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cao Lin (d. 251) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Lady Qiu | |||||||||||||||||||
Cao Mao, courtesy name Yanshi, was the fourth emperor of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was a grandson of Cao Pi, the first emperor of Wei. Described as intelligent and studious, Cao Mao made repeated attempts to seize back state power from the regent Sima Zhao but failed. He was killed in an abortive coup d'état against Sima Zhao.
Cao Ang, courtesy name Zixiu, was the eldest son of Cao Cao, a warlord who rose to power towards the end of the Han dynasty and laid the foundation of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was killed at the Battle of Wancheng in 197.
Cao Jun, courtesy name Zi'an, was a prince of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was a son of Cao Cao, a warlord who rose to prominence towards the end of the Han dynasty and laid the foundation for the Cao Wei state. His mother was Lady Qin (秦夫人), a concubine of Cao Cao. She also bore Cao Cao another son, Cao Xuan. Cao Jun was enfeoffed as the Marquis of Mei (郿侯) in 216 during the reign of Emperor Xian in the Eastern Han dynasty. His marquisate was changed to Xiangyi County in the following year. In 221, a year after Cao Jun's elder half-brother Cao Pi ended the Han dynasty and established the state of Cao Wei, Cao Jun was promoted from a marquis to a duke. In 222, he received the title "Prince of Chenliu" (陳留王). Two years later, his princedom was changed from Chenliu to Xiangyi County. In 232, during the reign of Cao Pi's son Cao Rui, Cao Jun's princedom was relocated back to Chenliu. Cao Jun died in 259 during the reign of Cao Mao.
Cao Yu, courtesy name Pengzu, was a prince of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was a son of Cao Cao, a warlord who rose to power towards the end of the Han dynasty and laid the foundation of Wei. Cao Yu's son, Cao Huan, was the fifth and last emperor of Wei.
This article contains the family trees of members of the Cao clan, who ruled the state of Cao Wei (220–265) in the Three Kingdoms period (220–280) in China. Only Cao Cao's lineage is shown in this article. The lineages of his relatives, such as Cao Ren, Cao Zhen and others, are not included here.
Cao Yong was a prince in the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was a son of Cao Pi, the first emperor of Wei. His mother, Consort Su (蘇姬), was a concubine of Cao Pi. He was enfeoffed as the Duke of Huainan (淮南公) in 221, with his dukedom in Jiujiang Commandery (九江郡). In 222, he was elevated to the status of Prince of Huainan (淮南王). A year later, his title was changed to Prince of Chen (陳王). In 225, his title was changed again to Prince of Handan (邯鄲王). He died in 229 during the reign of his half-brother Cao Rui. He had no offspring.
Cao Li was a prince in the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was a son of Cao Pi, the first emperor of Wei. His mother, Consort Xu (徐姬), was a concubine of Cao Pi. He had two full sisters: the elder one was Princess Linfen (臨汾公主) while the younger one, who was unnamed, died early. Cao Li was enfeoffed as the Duke of Qin (秦公) in 221, with his dukedom in Jingzhao Commandery (京兆郡). In 222, he was elevated to the status of Prince of Jingzhao (京兆王). In 225, his title was changed to Prince of Yuancheng (元城王). He died in 229 during the reign of his half-brother Cao Rui. He has no offspring.
Cao Rui was a prince in the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was a son of Cao Pi, the first emperor of Wei. His mother, whose family name was Pan (潘), was a concubine of Cao Pi holding the rank of shuyuan. He was enfeoffed as the Prince of Yangping County (陽平縣王) in 226 after his half-brother, Cao Rui, succeeded their father as the emperor of Wei. In 232, his title was changed to Prince of Beihai (北海王). He died in 233 and had no offspring.
Cao Xie was a prince in the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was a son of Cao Pi, the first emperor of Wei. His mother, whose maiden family name was Li (李), was a concubine of Cao Pi holding the rank of guiren. He died early and was posthumously honoured as Duke Shang of Jing (經殤公) in 231 by his half-brother, Cao Rui. In 234, Cao Rui posthumously promoted him to a prince under a new posthumous title: Prince Ai of Zan (贊哀王).
Cao Zizheng was a son of Cao Cao, a warlord who rose to power in the late Eastern Han dynasty and laid the foundation for the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. His mother was Lady Li (李姬), a concubine of Cao Cao. She also bore Cao Cao two other sons: Cao Zicheng and Cao Zijing. As his uncle Cao Shao (曹紹) had no heir, Cao Zizheng was adopted as Cao Shao's son. In 217, he was enfeoffed as the Marquis of Mei (郿侯). He died in the following year without a son to succeed him.
Cao Ju was a son of Cao Cao, a warlord who rose to power in the late Eastern Han dynasty and laid the foundation for the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. His mother was Lady Yin (尹夫人), a concubine of Cao Cao. He died early and had no son to succeed him.
Cao Xuan was a son of Cao Cao, a warlord who rose to power in the late Eastern Han dynasty and laid the foundation for the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. His mother was Lady Qin (秦夫人), a concubine of Cao Cao. She also bore Cao Cao another son, Cao Jun. He was enfeoffed as the Marquis of Xi District (西鄉侯) in 211 by Emperor Xian, the last emperor of the Han dynasty. He died sometime before or in 215, and had no son to succeed him.
Cao Lin was a prince of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was a son of Cao Cao, a warlord who rose to prominence towards the end of the Han dynasty and laid the foundation for the Cao Wei state. His mother was Lady Du (杜夫人), a concubine of Cao Cao. She also bore Cao Cao another son, Cao Gun. In 211, Emperor Xian, the last emperor of the Han dynasty, enfeoffed Cao Lin as the Marquis of Raoyang (饒陽侯). In 217, Cao Lin's title was changed to "Marquis of Qiao" (譙侯). In 221, a year after Cao Lin's half-brother Cao Pi usurped the throne from Emperor Xian and became the first emperor of the Cao Wei state, he enfeoffed Cao Lin as the Duke of Qiao (譙公). One year later, Cao Pi elevated Cao Lin from a duke to a prince under the title "Prince of Qiao" (譙王). In 226, he changed Cao Lin's title to "Prince of Juancheng" (鄄城王). In 232, Cao Pi's successor, Cao Rui, changed Cao Lin's title to "Prince of Pei" (沛王). Throughout the reigns of the subsequent Wei emperors, the number of taxable households in Cao Lin's dukedom increased until it reached 4,700. After Cao Lin died in 256, his son Cao Wei (曹緯) inherited his princedom as the new Prince of Pei. Cao Lin had a daughter, who married Ji Kang.
Cao Shuo was a son of Cao Cao, a warlord who rose to prominence towards the end of the Han dynasty and laid the foundation for the Cao Wei state during the Three Kingdoms period of China. His mother was Lady Liu (劉夫人), a concubine of Cao Cao. She also bore Cao Cao another son and a daughter. He died sometime before the Cao Wei state was established in 220. In 229, the second Wei emperor, Cao Rui, honoured Cao Shuo with the posthumous title "Prince Shang of Xiang" (相殤王). In 233, Cao Rui designated Cao Shuo's son, Cao Qian (曹潛), as the Prince of Xiang (相王), but Cao Qian died in the same year and was posthumously honoured as "Prince Min of Xiang" (相愍王). In 234, Cao Rui designated Cao Yan (曹偃), Cao Qian's son, as the new Prince of Xiang and granted him a princedom containing 2,500 taxable households. Cao Yan died in 236 and was posthumously honoured as "Prince Huai of Xiang" (相懷王). Since Cao Yan had no son to succeed him, his princedom was abolished. In 255, the fifth Wei emperor Cao Mao designated Cao Song (曹竦), a son of Cao Mao, as Cao Yan's successor and restored the princedom.
Cao Biao, courtesy name Zhuhu, was an imperial prince of the Cao Wei state in the Three Kingdoms period of China.
Cao Gan, also known as Cao Liang, was an imperial prince of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China.
Cao Ju was an imperial prince of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China.
Cao Hui was an imperial prince of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China.
Cao Mao was an imperial prince of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China.
Cao Gun was an imperial prince of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China.