The flora and fauna of Bermuda form part of a unique ecosystem due to Bermuda's isolation from the mainland of North America. The wide range of endemic species and the islands form a distinct ecoregion, the Bermuda subtropical conifer forests.
Juniperus bermudiana is a species of juniper endemic to Bermuda. This species is most commonly known as Bermuda cedar, but is also referred to as Bermuda juniper. Historically, this tree formed woodland that covered much of Bermuda. Settlers cleared part of the forest and the tree was used for many purposes including building construction and was especially prized for shipbuilding. Scale insects introduced during the Second World War construction of United States airbases in Bermuda devastated the forests, killing over 99% of the species. Since then, the salt tolerant Casuarina equisetifolia has been planted as a replacement species, and a small number of Bermuda cedars have been found to be resistant to the scale insects. Populations of certain endemic birds which had co-evolved with the tree have plummeted as a result of its demise, while endemic cigalas and solitary bees were driven to extinction.
Carex azuayae is a species of flowering plant in the sedge family, Cyperaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland.
Carex lepida is a species of flowering plant in the sedge family, Cyperaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
Carex sodiroi is a species of sedge known from a single collection made by Luis Sodiro at some time before 1886. It was found around 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) from Nanegalito, and described as a new species by the sedge expert Georg Kükenthal in 1904. The holotype was deposited in the Berlin herbarium, where it may have been destroyed in the Second World War; if there are no isotypes in Ecuador, then the only record of the species may be a photograph in the Field Museum in Chicago.
Carex tessellata is a species of flowering plant in the sedge family, Cyperaceae. It is known from a single herbarium specimen collected by Richard Spruce from an uncertain location in Ecuador in the nineteenth century.
Carex thouarsii is a species of sedge found in the Tristan da Cunha archipelago. It lives chiefly in heaths dominated by Blechnum palmiforme, and Phylica arborea woodland. It is widespread and common on Tristan da Cunha and Inaccessible Island, but scarce on Nightingale Island, possibly due to a lack of habitat. It was first described by Dugald Carmichael in 1819 following the British annexation of Tristan da Cunha in 1816.
Carex toreadora is a little-known species of sedge from Ecuador. It was described in 1964 by the prolific plant collector Julian A. Steyermark, having been collected in 1943 at an altitude of 3,785–3,900 metres (12,418–12,795 ft) in Azuay Province. There it grew in "moist mossy boggy places bordering [an] alpine lake". No further collections have ever been made, and the species is listed as endangered on the IUCN Red List. It is classified in Carex sect. Ovales, and is thought to be closely related to species such as Carex mandoniana and Carex macloviana.
Carex lasiocarpa is a broadly distributed species of wetland sedge sometimes known as woollyfruit sedge or slender sedge. It is considered a species of Least Concern by the IUCN Red List due to its extensive range with many stable populations.
Carex vesicaria is an essentially Holarctic species of sedge known as bladder sedge, inflated sedge, and blister sedge. It has been used to insulate footwear in Norway and among the Sami people, and for basketry in North America.
Chiococca alba is a species of flowering plant in the coffee family (Rubiaceae) native to Florida and the extreme southern tip of Texas in the United States, Bermuda, Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, the Galápagos, and tropical South America. Common names include David's milkberry, West Indian milkberry, cahinca and West Indian snowberry. The specific epithet, alba, means "white" in Latin and refers to the color of its fruits.
Carex vaginata is a species of sedge known by the common name sheathed sedge.
Carex bulbostylis, known as the false hair sedge, is a species of sedge native to the southcentral and southeastern United States. It was first formally named by Kenneth Mackenzie in 1915. It is also known as the eastern narrowleaf sedge, thick style sedge, and globose sedge.
Bermudiana is derived from the Bermuda, the name of an Atlantic archipelago that is a British Overseas Territory. It may refer to:
Carex davalliana, or Davall's sedge, is a species of sedge found in inland wetlands across continental Europe. It is dioecious, with male and female flowers on separate plants.
Carex albula, common name white sedge, is a species of sedge. It is endemic to the South Island of New Zealand.
Carex bicolor, the bicoloured sedge, is a species of sedge native to North America, Northern Europe and Northern Asia. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed the plant's conservation status as being of least concern because it has a widespread distribution and faces no particular threats.
Carex atlantica, the prickly bog sedge, is a species of flowering plant in the family Cyperaceae, native to eastern North America, and eastern Hispaniola. It is usually found growing in bogs or acidic seeps.
Carex hyalinolepis is a tussock-forming species of perennial sedge in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to southern parts of North America from Ontario in the north to Texas in the south.
Carex hildebrandtiana is a tussock-forming species of perennial sedge in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to central parts of Madagascar. The plant is listed as a Vulnerable species according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
