| Cesina | |
|---|---|
| Country | Principality of Benevento Principality of Capua Principality of Salerno  Kingdom of Sicily  Kingdom of Naples  Kingdom of the Two Sicilies  Kingdom of Italy |
| Current region |  Italy  European Union |
| Place of origin | Kingdom of the Lombards Duchy of Benevento |
| Founded | 665 |
| Connected families | Frezza |
The Cesina family is an Italian family of Roman-Lombard origin.
The Cesina family takes its surname from the fiefdom, being vassals of the Lombard dukes of Duchy of Benevento.
Initially, the fiefdom was a wooded area designated for woodcutting and later converted into an agricultural field, formed in 664 as a reward to the vassal by the Lombard king Grimoald, King of Italy. [1] [2]
The fiefdom Cesina was originally included in the gastaldate of Aquino, [3] which controlled the entire territory of Cassino, and it had considerable strategic importance in guarding the borders of the Duchy of Benevento. The vassals preserved the fief for the dukes and then princes of Benevento, until 883, when the territory was devastated from the arrival of the Saracens, who came from Agropoli at the invitation of Docibilis I, Duke of Gaeta, who destroyed the Abbey of Monte Cassino. The survivors took refuge in Presenzano. After the Battle of Garigliano, in 915, the fiefdom was included to the Principality of Capua.
In 1019, the fiefdom was claimed by Abbot of Monte Cassino Atenulf [4] who requested its restitution from his brother, the Lombard prince Pandulf IV of Capua. [5] [6] [7]
With the end of the Lombard domains in Italy in 1077, conquered by the Normans, under the leadership of the famous Robert Guiscard, and added to their County of Sicily, the fiefdom entered the possession of the Di Sangro family, heirs of the Counts of Marsi. [8]
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