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The China Railways FD class of locomotives were 2-10-2 steam locomotives of the FD locomotive type imported from the Soviet Union and regauged for use in China.
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| FD-1979 at the Beijing Railway Museum | |||||||||||||||||||||
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The China Railways FD class of locomotives were 2-10-2 steam locomotives of the FD locomotive type imported from the Soviet Union and regauged for use in China.
The FD class locomotives were imported from the Soviet Union to China from 1958 to provide main line freight motive power for the Chinese railways. Over 1000 units were acquired and remained in service until 1985. [1]
When imported the class were designated YH (YouHao meaning 'friendship'), but after the breakdown of Sino-Soviet relations during the Cultural Revolution (see Sino–Soviet split) the class were renamed FX (FanXiu meaning 'anti-revisionist'). In 1971 the class were returned to the original Soviet designation of 'FD' (after Felix Dzerzhinsky). [1]
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-10-2 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels, ten powered and coupled driving wheels, and two trailing wheels. In the United States and elsewhere the 2-10-2 is known as the Santa Fe type, after the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway that first used the type in 1903.
The DF4 is a type of diesel–electric locomotive used in the People's Republic of China. It has been in production since 1969 and is still produced as of 2007 by several local companies. It is the most common locomotive in China and is used for both passenger and freight services.
The QJ was a type of heavy freight steam locomotive introduced in 1956 by the China Railway. The majority were built by Datong Locomotive Factory. The prototypes and early production of the class were designated HP, being redesignated as FD class during the Cultural Revolution, before becoming the QJ class in 1971.
The Soviet locomotive class FD was a Soviet main freight steam locomotive type named after Felix Dzerzhinsky. Between 1932 and 1942, 3213 FD series locomotives were built.
CRRC Dalian Co., Ltd., often abbreviated as DLoco, is a company located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China, producing railway locomotives, multiple units and diesel engines.
The China Railways DFH1 was a type of 4-axle B'B' single-cab diesel-hydraulic locomotive used on mainline passenger services; the DFH3 was a later development of a similar design but with two driving cabs.
The China Railways ET7 class of locomotives were a series of 90 0-8-0T machines for industrial use built by Fablok of Poland.
The China Railways GJ locomotives were a class of 122 0-6-0T steam locomotives built for industrial and shunting uses.
The China Railways JS are a type of 2-8-2 tender steam locomotive manufactured for use on mainline freight trains, as well as for heavy shunting.
China Railways SY is a 2-8-2 Mikado locomotive operated by the China Railway. It was built mostly by Tangshan Railway Vehicle between 1960 and 1999.
The China Railways JF6 class steam locomotive was a class of 2-8-2 steam locomotives for freight trains operated by the China Railway. They were originally built in Japan and Manchukuo between 1934 and 1944 for the South Manchuria Railway (Mantetsu), the Manchukuo National Railway, and the North China Transportation Company.
The DF was a type of diesel-electric locomotive used in the People's Republic of China. It was first introduced in 1958 and was produced until 1974. It was the first common locomotive in China and was used for both passenger and freight services. The DF3 is an upgraded model of the DF.
The China Railways SL6 class steam locomotive was a class of 4-6-2 superheated two-cylinder passenger steam locomotives operated by the China Railway. Originally built for the South Manchuria Railway (Mantetsu), the Manchukuo National Railway, the Central China Railway and the North China Transportation Company by several Japanese manufacturers between 1934 and 1940, they were the most numerous class of steam passenger locomotive in China, with 422 eventually built.
The China Railways KD7 type steam locomotive was a type of 2-8-0 mainline general purpose steam locomotive. KD7 locomotives were built in the United States and supplied to China by UNRRA as part of the post war rehabilitation effort in 1946. China received 160 locos while others of the same design went to Belgium as NMBS/SNCB Type 29.
The China Railways JF3 class steam locomotive was a class of 2-8-2 steam locomotives operated by the China Railway, built by the Škoda Works in Czechoslovakia in 1927–1930.
The China Railways JF11 class steam locomotive was a class of 2-8-2 steam locomotives operated by the China Railway.
The China Railways ST2 class steam locomotive was a class of 2-10-2 steam locomotives operated by the China Railway, built by the Krupp in Germany in 1935 for the privately owned Jinpu Railway in China. After 1938 they were operated by the North China Transportation Company, which designated them サタニ (Satani) class; after 1949 they were operated by the China Railway as class ST2, with the last of them retired by 1990. ST2-22 remains preserved at the Shenyang Railway Museum.
The PL2 class 2-6-2 is one of the industrial locomotives used by China Railway, originally built in 1935 by Nippon Sharyō for the South Manchuria Railway, which designated them Pureni (プレニ) class.
On 31 December 1952, the Soviet Union returned full control of the Chinese Eastern Railway to the People's Republic of China. The return of the railway marked the first time that the China Eastern Railway had been under full Chinese control since its construction in 1898. The handover of the railway was the result of negotiations between the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China culminating in the signing of the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance. The Friendship Treaty stipulated that the Chinese Changchun Railway (CCR) be handed over to China no later than 31 December 1952. On that date, China received all of the assets of the Chinese Changchun Railway including 3,282.7 kilometers of railway lines, 10,200 railcars, 880 locomotives, power plants, heavy industries, and coal mines as well as houses, medical facilities, and schools. The transfer of this fully operable railway gave the People's Republic of China control over a politically and economically significant rail line. The Chinese Changchun Railway connected the national railway system to the important ports of Dalian, and Lüshun as well as to international border crossings with the Soviet Union and to North Korea.
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