China Railway

Last updated

China State Railway
Group Company, Ltd.
China Railway
Native name
中国国家铁路集团有限公司
FormerlyChina Railway Corporation (2013–2019)
Company type State-owned limited company
Industry Rail transport
Predecessor Ministry of Railways
Founded
  • 19 January 1950 (as ministry)
  • 14 March 2013 (as company)
Headquarters
Haidian, Beijing
,
China
Area served
China
Key people
Liu Zhenfang (Chairman)
Guo Zhuxue (General Manager)
Services Passenger rail
Freight rail
RevenueIncrease2.svg CN¥1.245 trillion [nb 1]  (2023)
Increase2.svg CN¥27.465 billion [nb 2]  (2023)
Increase2.svg CN¥3.304 billion (2023)
Total assets Increase2.svg CN¥9.351 trillion (2023)
Total equity Increase2.svg CN¥3.223 trillion (2023)
Owner Ministry of Finance
Number of employees
2 million approx. (2013)
Divisions Railway operations
Subsidiaries 16 bureaux
5 companies
Website
Footnotes /references
source [1]
Logos of China Railway
China Railways.svg
China Railway symbol (used for all services, including Classic Rail)
ChinaRailwayHighspeed.svg
China Railway High-speed logo (used on Hexie trains)
ChinaRejuvenation.svg
Fuxing train logo
China Railway logo.png
Former company logo

The China Railway logo was designed by Chen Yuchang (Chinese :陈玉昶) (1912–1969), officially adopted on 22 January 1950. The whole logo represents the front of a locomotive. The upper part of the logo represents the Chinese character 人 (people), while the lower part represents the transversal surface of a rail. The logo means that China's railway belongs to the people. [30] [31] [32] The lower part represents the character 工 (labour), means that China's railway belongs to the working class.

The evolution of China Railway's branding reflects modernization efforts. In 2017, the Fuxing brand was introduced to standardize high-speed services and unify the visual identity across CRH trains. The logos emphasize technological advancement while retaining cultural symbolism, linking China's modern railways to their historical roots. [33]

The "CR" logo is used on the Fuxing (train) along with the China Railway logo. [34]

The "CRH" logo is used on the Hexie (train).

Companies

CR service regions China Railways Service Regions.png
CR service regions

There are 21 primary subsidiary companies under China Railway. As of 2008, approximately two million people work in China Railway.

China State Railway Group Co., Ltd.
Simplified Chinese 中国国家铁路集团有限公司
Traditional Chinese 中國國家鐵路集團有限公司
Literal meaningChina State Railway Group Limited Company
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin Zhōngguó Guójiā Tiělù Jítuán Yǒuxiàngōngsī
Wade–Giles Chung-kuo Kuo-chia Tʻieh-lu Chi-tʻuan Yu-hsien-kung-ssŭ
BusinessCompanyProvinces of operationRegions of operation
Passenger China Railway Harbin Group Company
(CR Harbin)		Northeastern Inner Mongolia (Hulunbuir and part of Xingan League), Heilongjiang Northeast China
China Railway Shenyang Group Company
(CR Shenyang)		Liaoning (except Bohai Strait ferry), Jilin, Southeastern Inner Mongolia (Chifeng, Tongliao and part of Xingan League), southern Heilongjiang, northeastern Hebei
China Railway Beijing Group Company
(CR Beijing)		Beijing, Hebei (most parts), Tianjin, western Shandong, northern Henan, eastern Shanxi, with all the exception of Daqin Railway North China
China Railway Hohhot Group Company
(CR Hohhot)		Inner Mongolia (most parts)
China Railway Taiyuan Group Company
(CR Taiyuan)		Shanxi, also operates Daqin Railway through sub-company
China Railway Jinan Group Company
(CR Jinan)		Shandong (includes Bohai Strait ferry) East China
China Railway Shanghai Group Company
(CR Shanghai)		Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui (most parts)
China Railway Nanchang Group Company
(CR Nanchang)		Jiangxi, Fujian
China Railway Guangzhou Group Company
(CR Guangzhou)		Hainan, most parts of Guangdong and Hunan South China
China Railway Nanning Group Company
(CR Nanning)		Guangxi, western Guangdong
China Railway Wuhan Group Company
(CR Wuhan)		Hubei, southern Henan, a little part of Anhui Central China
China Railway Zhengzhou Group Company
(CR Zhengzhou)		Henan (middle and northern parts), southern Shanxi
China Railway Chengdu Group Company
(CR Chengdu)		Sichuan (most parts), Chongqing, Guizhou (most parts), a little part of Yunnan Southwest China
China Railway Kunming Group Company
(CR Kunming)		Yunnan (most parts), a little part of Sichuan and Guizhou
China Railway Qingzang Group Company
(CR Qingzang)		Tibet
Qinghai Northwest China
China Railway Lanzhou Group Company
(CR Lanzhou)		Gansu (most parts), Ningxia, a little part of Inner Mongolia
China Railway Ürümqi Group Company
(CR Ürümqi)		Xinjiang, a little part of Gansu
China Railway Xi'an Group Company
(CR Xi'an)		Shaanxi (most parts), northeast Sichuan
Freight China Railway Special Cargo Service Company
(CRSCS)		Nationwide
China Railway Express Company
(CRE)
China Railway Container Transport Company
(CRCT)

Second tier subsidiaries

ParentSubsidiaryOperational line
CR Guangzhou Guangshen Railway Company Guangzhou–Shenzhen railway
Guangmeishan Railway Company Guangzhou–Meizhou–Shantou railway
Sanmao Company Sanshui–Maoming railway
Shichang Railway Company Shimen–Changsha railway
Yuehai Railway Company Guangdong–Hainan railway
CR Kunming Shuibai Railway Company Liupanshui–Baiguo railway
CR Nanchang Wuyishan Railway Company Hengfeng–Nanping railway
Quanzhou Railway Company Zhangping–Longyan–Kanshi railway
Longyan Railway Company Zhangping–Quanzhou–Xiaocuo railway
Xiamen Haicang Railway Company Haicang branch railway
CR Shanghai Xiaoyong Railway Company Xiaoshan–Ningbo railway
Hejiu Railway Company Hefei–Jiujiang railway
Xinchang Railway Company Xinyi–Changxing railway
Jinwen Railway Company Jinhua–Wenzhou railway
Ningqi Railway Company Nanjing–Qidong railway
Ninghe Railway Company Hefei–Nanjing passenger railway
Hewu Railway Company Hefei–Wuhan railway
CR Taiyuan Daqin Railway Company Datong–Qinhuangdao railway
CR Wuhan Huhanrong Railway Hubei Company Shanghai–Wuhan–Chengdu high-speed railway (Hubei section)
Luofu Railway Company Luohe–Fuyang railway
CR Xi'an Xiyan Railway Company Xi'an–Yan'an railway
CR Zhengzhou Anli Branch Line Company Anyang–Lizhen railway
Tanghe Branch Line Company Tangyin–Hebi railway

Corporate affairs

The key trends for the China Railway are (as of the financial year ending 31 December):

202120222023
Revenue (RMB t)1.131.131.25
Operating income (RMB b)−34.8−54.427.47
Net income (RMB b)−49.9−69.63.30
Total assets (RMB t)8.929.209.53
Total equity (RMB t)3.003.093.22
References [35] [36] [37]

Partnership with Airlines

China Railway has codeshare agreements with the following airlines:

China Railway has Interline agreements with the following airlines:

International operations

International trains

China Railway operates passenger trains from China to Mongolia, Russia, Kazakhstan, North Korea, Vietnam and Laos. Also operates freight (cargo) trains to these countries.

There are 11 international passenger train services:

Services to Europe (New Silk Route)

As of 2017 China Railway ran goods services to 15 European cities, including routes to Madrid and Hamburg and the experimental East Wind service to London to test demand. [42] The Chinese government refers to the two-week 12,000 km (7,500 mi) route, starting at Yiwu and with trains to London traversing Kazakhstan, Russia, Belarus, Poland, Germany, Belgium and France, as the Belt and Road Initiative. [43] Containers must be transferred several times, as different, incompatible, rail gauges are used in different regions, and the same rolling stock cannot be used throughout.

Africa

China has been investing in and helping to rebuild railways in Africa. [44] [45] Below is an incomplete list of rail projects.

NameLocationConstructedCompanyCostComments & Ref
High Plateau line, Algeria Relizane, Saida, Tiaret, Tissemsilt, Boughezoul to M'Sila, Algeria2009–2013 China Railway Group & China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation US$2.8bn [46]
Benguela Railway Lobito to Luau, Angola 2006–2014 China Railway Construction Corporation Limited US$1.83bnRailway was rebuilt following civil war
Chad Railway Ngaoundéré, Cameroon to Nyala, Sudan via Moundou, N'Djamena and Abéché in Chad 2012–ongoing China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation US$5.6bnConstruction over three phases
Addis Ababa–Djibouti Railway Addis Ababa, Ethiopia to Djibouti City, Djibouti2011–2016 China Railway Group & China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation US$4bnElectric
Mombasa-Nairobi Railway Mombasa to Nairobi, Kenya (extended to Naivasha, Kenya in 20162014–2017 China Communications Construction US$3.6bn [47]
Kenya–Uganda border Naivasha, Kisumu to Malaba, Kenya 2016–ongoing China Road and Bridge Corporation (subsidiary of China Communications Construction)US$5.42bn [48]
Mali–Guinea Railway Bamako, Mali to Conakry, Guinea2016–ongoing China Railway Construction Corporation Limited US$8bn [49]
Mali–Senegal Railway Bamako, Mali to Dakar, Senegal2016–ongoing China Railway Construction Corporation Limited US$2.7bn [50]
Nigeria Coastal Railway Lagos to Calabar, Nigeria2014–ongoing China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation US$11.1bn [51]
Lagos–Kano Railway Lagos to Kano, Nigeria2011–ongoing, Abuja to Kajuna completed in 2016 China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation US$8.3bn [52]
Sudan Railway Khartoum to Port Sudan, Sudan 2007–2012, 2014 opened China Railway Engineering Corporation US$1.5bn [53] [47]
TAZARA Railway Dar es Salaam, Tanzania to Kapiri Mposhi, Zambia 1970–1975Railway Engineering Corps (now CRCC), Ministry of Railways (now CCECC)US$500mCurrently in need of reinvestment
Uganda Railway Malaba, Kampala, Kasese, Uganda to Rwanda and South Sudan 2015–ongoing China Harbour Engineering (subsidiary of China Communications Construction)US$8bn [54] [55] [56]

List of directors general

China Railway Corporation

China State Railway Group

Chairman

General Manager

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Including revenue from "Railway Construction Fund"
  2. ↑ EBIT, including revenue from "Railway Construction Fund" but excluding contribution to "Water Conservancy Construction Fund"

See also

References

  1. ↑ 中国铁路总公司2015年年度报告 [China Railway Corporation 2015 Annual Report] (in Chinese). archive of Shangjai Clearing House. 29 April 2016. Archived from the original on 7 November 2017. Retrieved 6 May 2016.
  2. ↑ "China Railway". www.china-railway.com.cn. 4 April 2020. Archived from the original on 3 November 2022. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  3. ↑ International, Railway Gazette. "LTG Cargo to invest €47m in Poland". Railway Gazette International. Retrieved 3 December 2025.
  4. ↑ "中国的18个铁路局集团公司（下篇）_腾讯新闻". Tencent News. 3 February 2021. Archived from the original on 3 November 2022. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  5. ↑ Tang, Jun (1 November 2022). "国铁集团前三季度亏损947亿元，京沪高铁已扭亏为盈 – 环球旅讯". TravelDaily.cn. Archived from the original on 3 November 2022. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  6. ↑ "20 Countries With The Highest Railway Passenger Traffic in The World". Yahoo Finance. 11 April 2024. Retrieved 17 June 2024.
  7. 1 2 Lin, Shuanglin (2022). China's Public Finance: Reforms, Challenges, and Options. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. ISBN   978-1-009-09902-8.
  8. ↑ "China - Railways, Expansion, Network | Britannica". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 18 August 2025. Retrieved 3 December 2025.
  9. ↑ "China renames, restructures railway corporation in reform push". Reuters. 18 June 2019. Retrieved 18 June 2019.
  10. ↑ 樊, 曦 (18 June 2019). "中国国家铁路集团有限公司在京挂牌成立". Xinhuanet (in Chinese). Xinhua News Agency. Archived from the original on 18 June 2019.
  11. ↑ "很重要！购买火车票请认准12306". The Paper. Retrieved 8 May 2025.
  12. ↑ UK, Rail Business. "Reliability headaches hinder Welsh train fleet renewal". Railway Gazette International. Retrieved 3 December 2025.{{cite web}}: |first= has generic name (help)
  13. ↑ 国产高铁列车中华之星夭折记:部长更迭改变命运 (in Simplified Chinese). people.com.cn. 9 August 2011. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 29 June 2014.
  14. ↑ "China's high-speed rail lines top 37,900 km at end of 2020 - Xinhua | English.news.cn". www.xinhuanet.com. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  15. ↑ Chen, Frank (24 August 2020). "China sets railway building spree in high-speed motion". Asia Times. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  16. 1 2 "China plans to expand railway network to 200,000 km before 2035". Reuters. 13 August 2020. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  17. ↑ "China's railways report 3.57B passenger trips in 2019 - China.org.cn". www.china.org.cn. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  18. ↑ "Railways set service goals for new year". www.ecns.cn. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  19. ↑ Ma Yujia (马玉佳). "New high-speed trains on drawing board- China.org.cn". www.china.org.cn. Retrieved 13 November 2017.
  20. ↑ chinanews. 2017年中国铁路投资8010亿元 投产新线3038公里-中新网. www.chinanews.com. Retrieved 13 January 2018.
  21. ↑ "UK Rail Leasing (UKRL)". Railway Gazette International. Retrieved 3 December 2025.
  22. ↑ 中国标准动车组命名"复兴号". Xinhua News Agency. 25 June 2017.
  23. ↑ Lu Bingyang (路炳阳) (25 June 2017). 中国标动明日京沪高铁首发 命名复兴号. Caixin Companies. Retrieved 4 July 2017.
  24. ↑ 大陸高鐵新紀元 「復興號」將取代「和諧號」. 鉅亨網. 27 June 2017. Retrieved 4 July 2017.
  25. ↑ Rizvi, Ainy (4 May 2024). "Top 10 Fastest Train in the World in 2024 | Speeding into the Future". Y20 India. Retrieved 17 June 2024.
  26. ↑ "How to choose between train types". www.travelchinaguide.com Also see China Highlights. Retrieved 26 December 2018.
  27. ↑ Tone, Sixth (21 August 2020). "Life on the Slow Train: Views of a Vanishing China". #SixthTone. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
  28. 1 2 "Cash-strapped Chinese take the slow train home for Lunar New Year". Radio Free Asia. 22 January 2025. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
  29. ↑ "24th Rail Business Awards". Railway Gazette International. Retrieved 3 December 2025.
  30. ↑ "中国铁路标志的设计者——陈玉昶 60年前的标志还是这么简洁、漂亮！_刘逸设计_新浪博客". Blog.sina.com.cn. 13 March 2013. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
  31. ↑ "Rologo 标志共和国 | 专注于Logo的网站_Logo设计_Logo欣赏 » 中国铁路标志的设计者——陈玉昶". Rologo.com. Archived from the original on 25 November 2015. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
  32. ↑ 路徽的来历.
  33. ↑ "St-Laurent & Atlantic Railroad, Quebec (SLQ)". Railway Gazette International. Retrieved 3 December 2025.
  34. ↑ 天津站的复兴号CR400AF标准动车组.
  35. ↑ "China Railway Annual Report 2021" (PDF). China Railway. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
  36. ↑ "China Railway Annual Report 2022" (PDF). China Railway. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
  37. ↑ "China Railway Annual Report 2023" (PDF). China Railway. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
  38. ↑ "Integrated Air – Rail Service". Air China.
  39. ↑ "Air-Rail Service". China Eastern. Archived from the original on 10 March 2012. Retrieved 28 November 2011.
  40. ↑ "Travel in China Passes New Milestone With Air-Rail Ticketing Tie-Up".
  41. ↑ "Fly with You Across the World: Xiamen Airlines Officially Launched the Air-rail Intermodal Transport Product". Xiamen Airlines.
  42. ↑ Tracy McVeigh (14 January 2017). "Silk Road route back in business as China train rolls into London". The Guardian. Retrieved 15 January 2017.
  43. ↑ "Travelling from China to London - BBC News". BBC. 18 January 2017. Retrieved 18 January 2017.[ dead link ]
  44. ↑ O'Dowd, Emily. "Special report: How five major African rail projects are supported by China" . Retrieved 18 September 2018.
  45. ↑ Kacungira, Nancy (8 June 2017). "Is Kenya's new railway good value for money?". BBC News. Retrieved 18 September 2018.
  46. ↑ "The Report: Algeria 2010 page 165". Oxford Publishing Group. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
  47. 1 2 "Chinese Funded Railways". CNN. 22 November 2016. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
  48. ↑ "Government Signs Commercial Contract for the Nairobi to Malaba SGR Section with CCCC". Kenya Railways. Retrieved 18 January 2017.[ permanent dead link ]
  49. ↑ "Mali signs $11bn agreements with China for new rail projects". Railway Technology. 16 September 2014. Archived from the original on 31 January 2017. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
  50. ↑ "China to build major new African railway from Mali to the coast". Global Construction Review. 4 January 2016. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
  51. ↑ "CCECC sign $11.117 billion Lagos-Calabar Rail Contract line". The Guardian. 2 July 2016. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
  52. ↑ "Abuja-Kaduna Rail line". Railway Technology. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
  53. ↑ "Construction of railway from Khartoum to Port Sudan". Aiddata. Archived from the original on 9 January 2017. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
  54. ↑ Lumu, David; Balagadde, Samuel (30 August 2014). "Chinese Firm CHEC Given US$8 Billion Railway Deal". New Vision (Kampala). Retrieved 30 August 2014.
  55. ↑ Jin, Haixing (31 March 2015). "China's Xi Finds Eight Good Reasons to Host Uganda's President". Bloomberg News . Retrieved 1 April 2015.
  56. ↑ "Museveni Signs Deal With Chinese Company To Construct Kasese Railway Line". Daily Monitor (Kampala). 30 March 2015. Retrieved 1 April 2015.
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