Guangzhou,previously romanized as Canton or Kwangchow,is the capital and largest city of Guangdong province in southern China. Located on the Pearl River about 120 km (75 mi) north-northwest of Hong Kong and 145 km (90 mi) north of Macau,Guangzhou has a history of over 2,200 years and was a major terminus of the Silk Road.
A port is a maritime facility comprising one or more wharves or loading areas,where ships load and discharge cargo and passengers. Although usually situated on a sea coast or estuary,ports can also be found far inland,such as Hamburg,Manchester and Duluth;these access the sea via rivers or canals. Because of their roles as ports of entry for immigrants as well as soldiers in wartime,many port cities have experienced dramatic multi-ethnic and multicultural changes throughout their histories.
The Pearl River is an extensive river system in southern China. "Pearl River" is often also used as a catch-all for the watersheds of the Pearl tributaries within Guangdong,specifically the Xi ('west'),Bei ('north'),and Dong ('east'). These rivers all ultimately flow into the South China Sea through the Pearl River Delta. Measured from the farthest reaches of the Xi River,the Pearl–Xi–Xun–Qian–Hongshui–Nanpan 2,400 km (1,500 mi) Pearl River system constitutes China's third-longest,after the Yangtze River and the Yellow River,and its second largest by volume,after the Yangtze. The 453,700 km2 (175,200 sq mi) Pearl River Basin drains the majority of Guangdong and Guangxi provinces,as well as parts of Yunnan,Guizhou,Hunan and Jiangxi;it also drains the northernmost parts of Vietnam's Northeast Cao Bằng and Lạng Sơn provinces. The Pearl River is famed as the river that flows through Guangzhou.
The Port of Singapore is the collection of facilities and terminals that conduct maritime trade and handle Singapore's harbours and shipping. It has been ranked as the top maritime capital of the world,since 2015. Currently the world's second-busiest port in terms of total shipping tonnage,it also transships a fifth of the world's shipping containers,half of the world's annual supply of crude oil,and is the world's busiest transshipment port. It was also the busiest port in terms of total cargo tonnage handled until 2010,when it was surpassed by the Port of Shanghai.
The Port of Hong Kong located by the South China Sea,is a deepwater seaport dominated by trade in containerised manufactured products,and to a lesser extent raw materials and passengers. A key factor in the economic development of Hong Kong,the natural shelter and deep waters of Victoria Harbour provide ideal conditions for berthing and the handling of all types of vessels. It is one of the busiest ports in the world,in the three categories of shipping movements,cargo handled and passengers carried. This makes Hong Kong a Large-Port Metropolis.
The Port of Shanghai,located in the vicinity of Shanghai,comprises a deep-sea port and a river port.
The Humen,also known as the Bocca Tigris or the Bogue,is a narrow strait in the Pearl River Delta that separates Shiziyang in the north and Lingdingyang in the south. It is located near Humen Town in China's Guangdong Province. It is the site of the Pearl River's discharge into the South China Sea. It contains the Port of Humen at Humen Town. The strait is formed by the islands of Chuenpi and Anunghoy on the eastern side,and Taikoktow on the western side. Since 1997,the strait has been traversed by the Humen Pearl River Bridge. Bocca Tigris was the entry to China's only trading city,Canton.
The Port of Shenzhen is the collective name of a number of ports the coastline of Shenzhen,Guangdong Province,China. These ports as a whole form one of the busiest and fastest growing container ports in the world.
The Port of Ningbo-Zhoushan is the busiest port in the world in terms of cargo tonnage. It handled 888.96 million tons of cargo in 2015. The port is located in Ningbo and Zhoushan,on the coast of the East China Sea,in Zhejiang province on the southeast end of Hangzhou Bay,across which it faces the municipality of Shanghai.
The Port of Xiamen or Port of Amoy or Amoy Port is an important deep water port located on Xiamen Island,the adjacent mainland coast,and along the estuary of the Jiulong River in southern Fujian,China. It is one of the trunk line ports in the Asia-Pacific region. It is ranked the 8th-largest container port in China and ranks 17th in the world. It is the 4th port in China with the capacity to handle 6th-generation large container vessels. In 2013,Xiamen handled 191 million tons of cargo,including 8.08 million TEUs of containers. On 31 August 2010,Xiamen Port incorporated the neighboring port of Zhangzhou to form the largest port of China's Southeast. This was a relatively uncommon case of ports merging across jurisdictions.
The Port of Tianjin,formerly known as the Port of Tanggu,is the largest port in Northern China and the main maritime gateway to Beijing. The name "Tianjin Xingang",which strictly speaking refers only to the main seaport area,is sometimes used to refer to the whole port. The port is on the western shore of the Bohai Bay,centred on the estuary of the Haihe River,170 km southeast of Beijing and 60 km east of Tianjin city. It is the largest man-made port in mainland China,and one of the largest in the world. It covers 121 square kilometers of land surface,with over 31.9 km of quay shoreline and 151 production berths at the end of 2010.
The Port of Busan is the largest port in South Korea,located in the city of Busan,South Korea. Its location is known as Busan Harbor.
The Port of Manila refers to the collective facilities and terminals that process maritime trade function in harbors in Metro Manila. Located in the Port Area and Tondo districts of Manila,facing Manila Bay,it is the largest and the premier international shipping gateway to the country. The Philippine Ports Authority,a government-owned corporation,manages the Port of Manila and most of the public ports in the country. It is composed of 3 major facilities,namely Manila North Harbor,Manila South Harbor,and the Manila International Container Terminal.
The Port of Yingkou is an international seaport in Yingkou,Liaoning,People's Republic of China. It is the second-largest port in northeast China and the tenth-largest nationwide. It includes two separate dockland areas,the Yingkou old port at the mouth of the Daliao River,and the Bayuquan port located directly on Liaodong Bay on the Bohai Sea.
In 1961 China established a state-run maritime shipping company and subsequently signed shipping agreements with many countries,laying the foundation for developing the country's ocean transport. That organization developed into the present-day China Ocean Shipping (Group) Company (COSCO). The Chinese government also invested heavily in water transport infrastructure,constructing new ports and rebuilding and enlarging older facilities.
The following lists of ports cover ports of various types,maritime facilities with one or more wharves where ships may dock to load and discharge passengers and cargo. Most are on the sea coast or an estuary,but some are many miles inland,with access to the sea via river or canal. The lists are organized by shipping volume,by ocean or sea,by nation or sub-region,and by other characteristics.
Port of Tanjung Priok is the busiest and most advanced seaport in Indonesia,handling more than 50% of Indonesia's trans-shipment cargo traffic. The port is located at Tanjung Priok,North Jakarta,which is operated by Indonesian state owned PT Pelindo. The port has 20 terminals for accommodating general cargo,liquid bulk,dry bulk,containers,etc. It has specialised facilities cater to oil tankers,chemical-laden ships,metal scrap and passengers.
The Port of Tianjin,formerly known as the Port of Tanggu,is the largest port in Northern China and the main maritime gateway to Beijing. The name "Tianjin Xingang"(Chinese:天津新港;pinyin:tiānjīn xīngǎng;lit. 'Tianjin New Port'),which strictly speaking refers only to the main seaport area,is sometimes used to refer to the whole port. The Port is located on the western shore of the Bohai Bay,centered on the estuary of the Haihe River,170 km south east of Beijing and 60 km east of Tianjin city. It is the largest man-made port in mainland China,and one of the largest in the world. It covers 121 square kilometers of land surface,with over 31.9 km of quay shoreline and 151 production berths at the end of 2010.
The Port of Fuzhou is a natural seaport centered on the estuary of the Minjiang River artificial deep-water international seaport on the coast of Fuzhou,Fujian,People's Republic of China. and of the neighboring prefecture of Ningde. The Port is located on the southeastern coast of Fujian,facing the Taiwan Strait. Fuzhou is the Mainland port closest to Taiwan,being just 149 Nautical miles from Keelung.
The Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area,commonly as the Greater Bay Area (GBA),is a megalopolis,consisting of nine cities and two special administrative regions in South China. It is envisioned by Chinese government planners as an integrated economic area aimed at taking a leading role globally by 2035.
People's Republic of China 
