Chinese edible frog | |
---|---|
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Amphibia |
Order: | Anura |
Family: | Dicroglossidae |
Genus: | Hoplobatrachus |
Species: | H. rugulosus |
Binomial name | |
Hoplobatrachus rugulosus (Wiegmann, 1834) | |
Synonyms | |
Rana tigrina ssp. pantherina Steindachner, 1867 |
The Chinese edible frog, East Asian bullfrog, or Taiwanese frog (Hoplobatrachus rugulosus) is a species of frog in the family Dicroglossidae. It is found in Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, Laos, Macau, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam. Its natural habitats are freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, arable land, pasture land, rural gardens, urban areas, ponds, aquaculture ponds, open excavations, irrigated land, seasonally flooded agricultural land, and canals and ditches. [1] They breed in spring to early summer. [2]
The domesticated Thai variety and wild Chinese populations of H. rugulosus belong to two separate genetic lineages respectively. [3] Yu et al. (2015) suggest that H. rugulosus may in fact be a cryptic species complex. [3]
H. rugulosus is a large, robust frog, up to 12 centimetres (4+1⁄2 inches) or more in snout-vent length. [2] Females are larger than males. They are primarily insectivores. [4]
The Chinese edible frog is commonly referred to as 田雞 ("field chicken") or 虎皮蛙 ("tiger-skinned frog") in Mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Macau, and Chinese communities worldwide. In Filipino, they are called "palakang bukid," which means "frog of the field".
In Thailand, this species of frog known as "kob na", literally translated as "paddy field frog". In Vietnam's Thanh Hóa Province, there is a folktale about the origin of the nickname "field chicken": The Ancestor of Frogs (Tổ tiên loài ếch). It was made into a cutout animated film in 1997.
The frogs are commonly found in wet markets, seafood markets, and pet stores. In wet markets, they are usually sold per piece or per kilogram. The medium-sized frogs are sold as pets in pet stores, and the smaller variant is sold as live food for arowanas. They are widely farmed in Sichuan, China, Malaysia, and Thailand.
These frogs, though much smaller than their Western counterparts, are used by Chinese to cook frog legs and by Filipinos who cook them for adobo dishes. The frog's forelimbs and hind legs are fried in oil, while in the adobo method (in which the entire frog is utilized), they are cooked in soy sauce and vinegar.
Ipomoea aquatica, widely known as water spinach, is a semi-aquatic, tropical plant grown as a vegetable for its tender shoots. I. aquatica is generally believed to have been first domesticated in Southeast Asia. It is widely cultivated in Southeast Asia, East Asia, and South Asia. It grows abundantly near waterways and requires little to no care.
Bullfrog is a common English language term to refer to large, aggressive frogs, regardless of species.
The crab-eating frog is a frog native to south-eastern Asia including Taiwan, China, Sumatra in Indonesia, the Philippines and more rarely as far west as Orissa in India. It has also been introduced to Guam, most likely from Taiwan. It inhabits mangrove swamps and marshes and is one of 144 known modern amphibians which can tolerate brief excursions into seawater, and is possibly the only extant marine amphibian.
Heterixalus alboguttatus is a species of frogs in the family Hyperoliidae endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland grassland, swamps, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, arable land, heavily degraded former forests, ponds, irrigated land, and seasonally flooded agricultural land. In the pet trade, it is commonly called the starry night reed frog, because of its patterning.
Heterixalus madagascariensis is a species of frog in the family Hyperoliidae endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, moist savanna, subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland grassland, swamps, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, sandy shores, arable land, urban areas, heavily degraded former forests, ponds, irrigated land, and seasonally flooded agricultural land.
The painted narrowmouth toad, or slender-digit chorus frog, is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae.
The painted chorus frog, also commonly known as Butler's narrow-mouthed toad, Butler's pigmy frog, Butler's rice frog, Butler's ricefrog, noisy frog or tubercled pygmy frog, is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is found in northeast India, Myanmar, southern China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia, and Singapore. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical or tropical moist montane forest, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, swamps, intermittent freshwater marshes, arable land, plantations, rural gardens, ponds, open excavations, and irrigated land. It is not considered threatened by the IUCN.
The crowned bullfrog is a species of frog in the family Dicroglossidae. It is found in the Sub-Saharan Africa . Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, dry savanna, moist savanna, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland, subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland grassland, rivers, intermittent rivers, freshwater lakes, intermittent freshwater lakes, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, freshwater springs, arable land, pastureland, rural gardens, heavily degraded former forest, and ponds.
The small disked frog or swamp frog is a species of frog in the family Dicroglossidae. It is endemic to the Philippines.
The Woodworth's frog is a species of frog in the family Dicroglossidae. It is endemic to the Philippines. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical or tropical moist montane forest, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland grassland, rivers, intermittent rivers, freshwater lakes, intermittent freshwater lakes, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, freshwater springs, coastal freshwater lagoons, arable land, pastureland, plantations, rural gardens, urban areas, water storage areas, ponds, aquaculture ponds, open excavations, irrigated land, and seasonally flooded agricultural land.
The green puddle frog, rough-skinned floating frog, pearly skin puddle frog, or pointed-tongued floating frog is a species of frog in the family Dicroglossidae. It is found in Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, and possibly Nepal.
Nidirana adenopleura is a species of frog in the family Ranidae. It is found in Taiwan, south-eastern China, and in the Yaeyama Islands. Populations from Yaeyama Islands might represent a distinct, as yet undescribed species. The records from Vietnam and Thailand are uncertain.
Pelophylax fukienensis is a species of frog in the family Ranidae. It is found in Fujian, Zhejiang, and Jiangxi provinces of China as well as in Taiwan.
Hylarana guentheri is a species of frog in the family Ranidae. It was formerly placed in the genus Rana. It is found in China, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, Vietnam, and possibly Cambodia and Laos. An introduced population is found on Guam. It can live as high as 1100 meters above sea level. An alternate common name is Günther's Amoy frog, and the honorific is often spelled "Guenther's".
Hylarana latouchii, also known as Kuatun frog, La Touche's frog, or broad-folded frog, is a species of frog in the family Ranidae. It was formerly placed in genus Rana. The specific name honours the collector of the type series: "Hylarana" latouchii was described by George Albert Boulenger based on three specimens collected by Irish ornithologist John D. La Touche in Guadun village in Wuyishan, Fujian, China.
Kurixalus idiootocus is a small species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to Taiwan and is commonly known as the temple tree frog. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, seasonally wet or flooded lowland grassland, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes and irrigated land. It is listed as being of "Least Concern" by the IUCN although there may be some destruction of its habitat.
Polypedates leucomystax is a species in the shrub frog family Rhacophoridae. It is known under numerous common names, including common tree frog, four-lined tree frog, golden tree frog or striped tree frog. Many past authors have united it with the common Indian tree frog in P. maculatus, but today they are generally considered distinct species. In its native range, it is also called "white-lipped tree frog", but this name is otherwise applied to a species of true tree frogs.
The Taipei tree frog is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to central and northern Taiwan. It is a medium-sized tree frog; females are 4.5–5.5 cm (1.8–2.2 in) in snout-vent length, and males are slightly smaller 3.5–4.5 cm (1.4–1.8 in).
The Asian swamp eel, also known as rice eel, ricefield eel, rice paddy eel or white rice-field eel, is a commercially important, air-breathing species of fish in the family Synbranchidae. It occurs in East and Southeast Asia, where it is a very common foodstuff sold throughout the region. It has been introduced to two areas near the Everglades in Florida and near Atlanta in Georgia.
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