Chytriomycetaceae

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Chytriomycetaceae
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Chytriomyces hyalinus growing on nutrient agar
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Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Chytridiomycota
Class: Chytridiomycetes
Order: Chytridiales
Family: Chytriomycetaceae
Letcher (2011)
Type genus
Chytriomyces
Karling (1949)

The Chytriomycetaceae are a family of fungi in the order Chytridiales. [1]

Rhizoclosmatium aurantiacum zoosporangium with characteristic orange coloration and apophysis. 7-3-13 184 WJD187.jpg
Rhizoclosmatium aurantiacum zoosporangium with characteristic orange coloration and apophysis.

Genera

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chytridiomycota</span> Division of fungi

Chytridiomycota are a division of zoosporic organisms in the kingdom Fungi, informally known as chytrids. The name is derived from the Ancient Greek χυτρίδιον (khutrídion), meaning "little pot", describing the structure containing unreleased zoospores. Chytrids are one of the earliest diverging fungal lineages, and their membership in kingdom Fungi is demonstrated with chitin cell walls, a posterior whiplash flagellum, absorptive nutrition, use of glycogen as an energy storage compound, and synthesis of lysine by the α-amino adipic acid (AAA) pathway.

Chytridiomycetes is a class of fungi. Members are found in soil, fresh water, and saline estuaries. They are first known from the Rhynie chert. It has recently been redefined to exclude the taxa Neocallimastigomycota and Monoblepharidomycetes, which are now a phylum and a sister-class respectively.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chytridiales</span> Order of fungi

Fungi of the order Chytridiales, like other members of its division, may either have a monocentric thallus or a polycentric rhizomycelium. When the ribosomal genes of members classified in this order were first examined using molecular techniques, it was discovered that the order contained some species that were not related. With the culture and characterization of Chytridium olla, the type species of this order, the limits of the Chytridiales were established. The Chytridiales is now monophyletic and species such as Polychytrium aggregatum, Chytriomyces angularis and Cladochytrium replicatum have been transferred to other orders.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rhizophydiales</span> Order of fungi

Rhizophydiales are an important group of chytrid fungi. They are found in soil as well as marine and fresh water habitats where they function as parasites and decomposers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spizellomycetales</span> Order of fungi

Spizellomycetales is an order of fungi in the Chytridiomycetes. Spizellomycetalean chytrids are essentially ubiquitous zoospore-producing fungi found in soils where they decompose pollen. Recently they have also been found in dung and harsh alpine environments, greatly expanding the range of habitats where one can expect to find these fungi.

<i>Rozella</i> Genus of fungi

Rozella is a fungal genus of obligate endoparasites of a variety of hosts, including Oomycota, Chytridiomycota, and Blastocladiomycota. Rozella was circumscribed by French mycologist Marie Maxime Cornu in 1872. Considered one of the earliest diverging lineages of fungi, the widespread genus contains 27 species, with the most well studied being Rozella allomycis. Rozella is a member of a large clade of fungi referred to as the Cryptomycota/Rozellomycota. While some can be maintained in dual culture with the host, most have not been cultured, but they have been detected, using molecular techniques, in soil samples, and in freshwater and marine ecosystems. Zoospores have been observed, along with cysts, and the cells of some species are attached to diatoms.

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The Chytridiaceae are a family of fungi in the order Chytridiales. The family contains 33 genera and 238 species according to a 2008 estimate.

Entophlyctis is a genus of fungi currently classified in the family Chytriomycetaceae. The genus, widespread in temperate regions and contains about 20 species.

<i>Chytriomyces</i> Genus of fungi

Chytriomyces is the type genus of fungi in the family Chytriomycetaceae. The genus was described by mycologist John Sidney Karling in 1945. The family, created by Peter Letcher in 2011, contains species with a Group I-type zoospore, distinguishing it from Chytridiaceae members, which have a Group II-type zoospore.

Dendrochytridium is a fungal genus in the order Chytridiales. The genus is monotypic, containing the single saprobic species Dendrochytridium crassum, isolated from detritus collected from an Australian tree canopy. Both the genus and species were described as new to science in 2013. Phylogenetically, Dendrochytridium crassum groups together in a clade with other fungi possessing Group II-type zoospores. These fungi, which include representatives from the genera Chytridium, Phlyctochytrium, Chytriomyces, and Polyphlyctis are classified in the family Chytridiaceae.

<i>Rhizoclosmatium</i> Genus of fungi

Rhizoclosmatium is a genus of fungi classified in the family Chytriomycetaceae. It was circumscribed by Danish mycologist Henning Eiler Petersen in 1903. The genus contains four species.

Allomyces anomalus is a species of fungus. A common water mold found throughout Asia and Africa, it is a host of the endoparasite Rozella allomycis.

<i>Chytridium</i> Genus of fungi in the Chytridiomycetes class

Chytridium is a genus of fungi in the family Chytridiaceae.

<i>Nucleophaga</i> Genus of fungi

Nucleophaga is a genus of eukaryotic microorganisms that are internal parasites of amoeba, flagellates, and ciliates.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Physodermataceae</span> Family of fungi

Physodermatacae is a family of chytrid fungi in the order Physodermatales. Species in the family have a parasitic relationship with the host's physoderma. This family is distinctive in that it contains a thick wall around the sporangia to resist against unfavorable conditions. Sporangia releases from a host plant when rotting, dispersal is carried through the air. This family is not to be confused or related to basidiomycetes rusts and smut fungi. This parasite is distributed all across the world in aquatic, semi aquatic wetlands and in some ferns.

Gaertneriomyces is a genus of fungi belonging to the family Spizellomycetaceae.

Kappamyces is a genus of fungi belonging to the family Kappamycetaceae.

References

  1. Vélez, C.G.; Letcher, P.M.; Schultz, S.; Powell, M.J.; Churchill, P.F. (2011). "Molecular phylogenetic and zoospore ultrastructural analyses of Chytridium olla establish the limits of a monophyletic Chytridiales". Mycologia. 103 (1): 118–130. doi:10.3852/10-001. PMID   20943553.
  2. Powell, Martha J.; Letcher, Peter M.; Davis, William J.; Holland, Rebecca B.; Velez, Carlos G. (2019). " Rodmanochytrium is a new genus of chitinophylic chytrids ( Chytridiales )". Phytologia. 101 (3): 175–187.