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| Cinnamomum walaiwarense | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Magnoliids |
| Order: | Laurales |
| Family: | Lauraceae |
| Genus: | Cinnamomum |
| Species: | C. walaiwarense |
| Binomial name | |
| Cinnamomum walaiwarense Kosterm. | |
Cinnamomum walaiwarense is a critically endangered species in the family Lauraceae. It is endemic to Tamil Nadu, India. [1]
Cinnamon is a spice obtained from the inner bark of several tree species from the genus Cinnamomum. Cinnamon is used mainly as an aromatic condiment and flavouring additive in a wide variety of cuisines, sweet and savoury dishes, breakfast cereals, snack foods, teas, and traditional foods. The aroma and flavour of cinnamon derive from its essential oil and principal component, cinnamaldehyde, as well as numerous other constituents including eugenol.
The flowering plant family Lauraceae, the laurels, includes the true laurel and its closest relatives. This family comprises about 2850 known species in about 45 genera worldwide. They are dicotyledons, and occur mainly in warm temperate and tropical regions, especially Southeast Asia and South America. Many are aromatic evergreen trees or shrubs, but some, such as Sassafras, are deciduous, or include both deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs, especially in tropical and temperate climates. The genus Cassytha is unique in the Lauraceae in that its members are parasitic vines.
Cinnamomum is a genus of evergreen aromatic trees and shrubs belonging to the laurel family, Lauraceae. The species of Cinnamomum have aromatic oils in their leaves and bark. The genus contains over 300 species, distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of North America, Central America, South America, Asia, Oceania, and Australasia. The genus includes a great number of economically important trees.
Lophostemon confertus, is an evergreen tree native to Australia, though it is cultivated in the United States and elsewhere. Common names include brush box, Queensland box, Brisbane box, pink box, box scrub, and vinegartree. Its natural range in Australia is north-east New South Wales and coastal Queensland but it is commonly used as a street tree in Sydney, Melbourne, Perth and other cities in eastern Australia.
Cinnamomum pedunculatum, commonly known as Japanese cinnamon, is an evergreen tree in the genus Cinnamomum. It is a small- or medium-sized tree up to 15 m (49 ft) tall that occurs in Japan, Korea, Taiwan, and eastern China. In China it is under second-class national protection.
Cinnamomum osmophloeum, commonly known as pseudocinnamomum or indigenous cinnamon, is a medium-sized evergreen tree in the genus Cinnamomum. It is native to broad-leaved forests of central and northern Taiwan.
Cinnamomum citriodorum is a species of flowering plant in the family Lauraceae. It is endemic to Western Ghats and Sri Lanka. It is commonly known as Malabar Cinnamon. It has a characteristic smell of lemon grass. C. citriodorum has 45% Cinnamaldehyde compared to 80% for C. cassia.
Cinnamomum parthenoxylon is an evergreen tree in the genus Cinnamomum, 10–20 m (33–66 ft) tall. It is native to South and East Asia. In Vietnam, the tree is considered Critically endangered.
Cinnamomum verum, called true cinnamon tree or Ceylon cinnamon tree, is a small evergreen tree belonging to the family Lauraceae, native to Sri Lanka. The inner bark of several other Cinnamomum species is also used to make cinnamon, but C. verum has a subtler flavor that makes it preferred for certain recipes. C. verum is also an excellent health booster, due to its components that serve as protection against some chronic health conditions.
Cinnamomum mercadoi (kalingag) is a small tree, about 6 to 10 metres high, with a thick, aromatic bark. The plant part of the family Lauraceae, which contains about 45 genera and 2000-2500 species, and is related to the culinary cinnamon, sassafras, and bay tree. The plant is indigenous to the Philippines, where it grows best in forests at low and medium altitudes that sometimes ascend to 2,000 metres (6,600 ft). C. mercadoi is unusual in the cinnamon family in that its essential oil consists large amounts of safrol, whereas other oils of cinnamon contain cinnamaldehyde. It is currently listed in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List as "vulnerable" due to the overharvesting and the continuous loss of the Philippine forests.
Anapistula seychellensis is a species of araneomorph spider that is endemic to the islands of Silhouette, Praslin and Curieuse in the Seychelles. It can be found in woodland habitats in leaf litter. It is threatened by habitat degradation caused by invasive plant species, especially Cinnamomum verum.
Andasta benoiti is a species of ray spider that is endemic to the Seychelles. It is found on the islands of Mahé, Conception, Thérèse, North, Praslin, Marianne, Felicite and Denis. It is found in coastal woodlands. It is threatened by coastal development and habitat degradation from invasive plants, especially Cinnamomum verum.
Andasta siltte is a species of ray spider that is endemic to the Seychelles. It is only known from a single specimen from Silhouette Island. It is found in woodlands at the lower edge of cloud forest. It is threatened by habitat deterioration, from invasive plants and climate change.
Apozomus gerlachi is a species of hubbardiid short-tailed whipscorpion that is endemic to Silhouette and North Islands in the Seychelles. It is threatened by habitat degradation due to invasive plants and sea level rise.
Argyrodella is a monotypic genus of Seychelloise comb-footed spiders containing the single species, Argyrodella pusillus. It was first described by Michael I. Saaristo in 2006, and is found on the Seychelles.
Argyrodes cognatus is a species of tangle-web spider that is endemic to the Seychelles, and can be found on Mahé, Conception, Silhouette and Marianne islands. It is found in woodland habitats where it spins orb webs in herbaceous vegetation. It is threatened by habitat deterioration due to invasive plants, especially Cinnamomum verum.
Argyrodes fissifrontellus is a species of tangle-web spider that is endemic to the Seychelles, and can be found on Mahé and Silhouette islands. It is found in woodland areas where it spins orb webs in vegetation, or is a keptoparasite in red-legged golden orb-web spider webs. It is threatened by habitat deterioration due to invasive plants, especially Cinnamomum verum.
Zoma zoma is a species of ray spider that is endemic to Silhouette Island of Seychelles. It was first described by Michael I. Saaristo & A. V. Tanasevitch in 1996. To date Zoma only contains its type species Zoma Zoma. The name of Zoma refers to the belt of silvery corpuscles on the abdomen of the type species. Not much is known about males of the species. Females have a total length, not including chelicerae, of 1.79 mm. It is threatened by habitat degradation from invasive plants, such as Cinnamomum verum.
Dicrogonatus gardineri is an extinct species of mites in the order Holothyrida, endemic to the Seychelles island of Mahé, where it was found in 1909. No other sightings have been recorded since, despite efforts to find it again in 2002 and 2011–12. This species became extinct due to the deterioration of habitation following the introduction of the cinnamon tree Cinnamomum verum.
Centrobunus braueri is an extinct species of arachnids in the order Opiliones, endemic to the Seychelles island of Mahé, where it was found in 1894. No other sightings have been recorded of this species, despite efforts to find it again in suitable habitats. Therefore the species has been declared as extinct. Habitat deforestation due to the introduction of the cinnamon tree Cinnamomum verum has been determined to be the cause of extinction.
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