Pseudophilautus auratus, commonly called Golden shrub frog, is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae, endemic to Sri Lanka.
Pseudophilautus procax, known as Cheeky Shrub Frog is a species of frogs in the family Rhacophoridae.
Ceylonthelphusa alpina is a species of freshwater crabs in the family Gecarcinucidae. The species is endemic to Sri Lanka, and is classed as an endangered due to habitat degradation.
Ceylonthelphusa is a genus of freshwater crabs endemic to Sri Lanka, where they live in moist lowland forests, swamps and rivers. Many of the species are on the IUCN Red List of threatened species, with the greatest risk factor being habitat loss. Ceylonthelphusa contains these species:
Ceylonthelphusa armata is a species of freshwater crabs in the family Gecarcinucidae. The species is endemic to Sri Lanka, and is classed as an endangered due to habitat degradation.
Ceylonthelphusa callista is a species of freshwater crabs in the family Gecarcinucidae. The species is endemic to Sri Lanka and is known from the Knuckles Mountain Range. It was found on wet boulders on the margins of a slow-flowing stream at an elevation of 915 m (3,000 ft) above sea level.
Ceylonthelphusa durrelli is a species of decapod in the family Gecarcinucidae. It is native to Central Province, Sri Lanka.
Mahatha is a genus of freshwater crabs endemic to Sri Lanka. Four of the six species are critically endangered due to habitat loss, and two are listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List.
Oziotelphusa is a genus of freshwater crabs in the family Gecarcinucidae. Its members are found in Sri Lanka and southern India. The genus was formerly placed within family Parathelphusidae, but now it is accepted that Parathelphusidae is the junior synonym of Gecarcinucidae.
Oziotelphusa hippocastanum is a species of crustacean in the family Parathelphusidae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical swamps, and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Pastilla dacuna is a species of freshwater crab in the monotypic genus in the family Gecarcinucidae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical swamps, and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Perbrinckia is a genus of freshwater crabs of the family Gecarcinucidae that is endemic to Sri Lanka, named after Per Brinck. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical swamps, and rivers. It contains 14 species, most of which are included on the IUCN Red List as critically endangered species (CR) or vulnerable species (VU) because they are threatened by habitat loss; only one species is of least concern (LC).
Spiralothelphusa is a genus of freshwater crabs in the family Gecarcinucidae. It contains these species, all of which are included on the IUCN Red List:
Around 1,300 species of freshwater crabs are distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics, divided among eight families. They show direct development and maternal care of a small number of offspring, in contrast to marine crabs, which release thousands of planktonic larvae. This limits the dispersal abilities of freshwater crabs, so they tend to be endemic to small areas. As a result, a large proportion are threatened with extinction.
Rohan David Pethiyagoda, is one of Sri Lanka's leading naturalists and a taxonomist on Freshwater fish of Sri Lanka.
The Sri Lanka tree crab,, is a species of freshwater crabs of the family Gecarcinucidae that is endemic to Sri Lanka. It is the only known tree climbing freshwater crab found in the country. The crab is discovered from 11 localities from Sri Lanka throughout Kalu River, Walawe River and Gin River basins. Adult are known to survive well in rainwater-filled tree hollows of trees such as Shorea sp., Artocarpus sp., Dillenia sp., Garcinia sp., Myristica sp., and Gyrinops walla. Females with youngs can be seen during February and March on the ground, never within tree hollows. The known predators are Greater coucal, White-throated kingfisher, Sri Lanka grey hornbill and Eurasian otter.
Rohanixalus is a genus of tree frogs in the family Rhacophoridae native to the Andaman islands and Indo-Burma region. The genus was established in 2020 by Indian herpetologist S.D. Biju of the University of Delhi and his colleagues. The genus comprises eight species.
