Cold War tank formations

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NATO and the Warsaw Pact NATO vs. Warsaw (1949-1990).svg
NATO and the Warsaw Pact

During the Cold War, NATO and the Warsaw Pact both had large tank formations present in Europe.

Contents

The following gives the number of armoured formations and tank strength as of 1981/1982 for Warsaw Pact and NATO member countries. These include formations and vehicles deployed outside Europe, such as North America or the Asiatic USSR.

NATO

Grand Total: 35,000+ Tanks

West Germany

Leopard 1 during REFORGER- Exercise 1983 Leopard1 Bundeswehr 1983.jpg
Leopard 1 during REFORGER- Exercise 1983
Leopard 2A4 Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F073485-0011, Manover, Kampfpanzer Leopard 2.jpg
Leopard 2A4
M48 A2C Medium Battletank M48 A2C.jpg
M48 A2C
German Army Formations
Number of tanks [1]
MBTs In reserveOn orderOther
1,200 M48 A2C/A2GA2
2,437 Leopard 1 A2/A3/A4
500 Leopard 2
770 Kanonenjagdpanzer
350 Raketenjagdpanzer

Total: 4000+ tanks [2]

(Total: 5000+ including Jagdpanzer)

United States

A M60A3 in Langgons, Germany M60A3 of 3rd Battalion, 32nd Armor moving through Langgons during Central Guardian '85, a phase of REFORGER '85 DF-ST-85-13331.jpg
A M60A3 in Langgöns, Germany
M1A1 M1A1 Abrams Tank in Camp Fallujah.JPEG
M1A1
Formations as of 1981/1983
Number of tanks

Total: 19,225+ tanks (min. 330 for training only) [3]

CENTAG mainly consisted of the US 5th and 7th corps and more mech divisions. The US army had a fair amount of tanks, making up for the shortcomings of NATO tank numbers.

France

In 1984 :

AMX-30 of 11eme Regiment de Chasseurs in West Berlin. 11 June 1988. Parade de l'armee francaise a Berlin.JPEG
AMX-30 of 11ème Régiment de Chasseurs in West Berlin. 11 June 1988.
French AMX-30B with the camouflage Central-Europe used from 1986. Amx30 025.jpg
French AMX-30B with the camouflage Central-Europe used from 1986.
Formations
Number of tanks [4]
MBTsIn reserveOn orderOther
1,259 AMX 30 145 AMX 30 340 AMX 13 light tanks

Total: 1,868 tanks [5]

United Kingdom

FV4201 Chieftain British Chieftain tanks.JPEG
FV4201 Chieftain
Formations
Number of tanks [6]
TanksOn orderOther
900 FV4201 Chieftain MBT
(60 in Reserve)
420 FV4030/4 Challenger MBT 271 tracked armoured reconnaissance vehicles

(FV101 Scorpion)

Total: 1,901 tanks and armoured cars [7]

Before the 1980s, equipment included the Conqueror tank (1955–1966) and FV4101 Charioteer (TA 1950s). Initially containing three armoured divisions, BAOR was reformed by 1960 into three mixed divisions and additional brigade groups. Then in the 1970s, as four smaller armoured divisions before reorganization as 3 armoured divisions in 1981–83.

Turkey

As of 1981/83:

Formations
Number of tanks [8]
MBTIn reserveOn orderOther
3,000 M48 Patton
500 M47 Patton
70 Leopard 1A3 MBT

Total: 3,500 Tanks [9]

Italy

M-47 Patton I M47.jpg
M-47 Patton I
Leopard 1A2 of Carabinieri. Leopard - 13deg Btg C.C. F.V.G.jpg
Leopard 1A2 of Carabinieri.

As of 1981/82:

Formations
Number of tanks

Total: 1,620 tanks [16]

Netherlands

As of 1981/82:

Formations
Number of Tanks

Total: 918 tanks

Denmark

As of 1983:

Formations
Number of Tanks

JutlandThe Jutland Division/Jyske division.

Zealand

Bornholm

Total: 350 tanks

Belgium

As of 1981/82:

Formations
Number of tanks

Total: 766 tanks

Canada

As of 1981/82:

Formations

The Leopards and Cougars came into service in the late 1970s and replaced 274 Centurion Tanks used by Royal Canadian Armoured Corps units (The Canadian Centurion tanks served in Germany for 25 years, from January 1952 to January 1977).

Total: 114 MBT (+195 FSV) = 309 tanks

Norway

2 norwegian Leopard 1 in the snow as 1982. 2 norwegian Leopard tanks in the snow.jpg
2 norwegian Leopard 1 in the snow as 1982.

As of 1981/82:

Formations
Number of tanks

Total: 186 tanks

Portugal

As of 1981/82:

Formations
Number of tanks

Total: ~80 tanks

Greece

As of 1981/82:

Formations
Number of tanks [17]
MBTIn reserveOn orderOther
170 AMX 30
800 M48 Patton
150 M47 Patton
190 M24 Chaffee

Total: 1,310 tanks

Spain

An M48 Patton tank of the Spanish Army on display at the El Goloso Museum of Armored Vehicles Spanish M48 front imposing.jpg
An M48 Patton tank of the Spanish Army on display at the El Goloso Museum of Armored Vehicles

Members of NATO from 30 May 1982:

Formations
Number of tanks

Total: 830 tanks

Warsaw Pact

Grand Total: 59,100+ Tanks

USSR

T-62 ParkPatriot2015part10-12.jpg
T-62
T-64B ParkPatriot2015part2-14.jpg
T-64B
T-72 T72 cfb borden 1.JPG
T-72
T-80B ParkPatriot2015part2-39.jpg
T-80B
Formations

As of 1981/82 the Soviet Ground Forces had:

Tank strength

Total: 40000 tanks [18]

East Germany

T-72 of National People's Army, 1988. Bundesarchiv Bild 183-1988-1007-008, Berlin, 39. Jahrestag DDR-Grundung, Parade.jpg
T-72 of National People's Army, 1988.

As of 1981/82:

Formations
Number of tanks

Total: 1,620+ tanks [19]

Poland

Polish T-72 Polish T-72 TW 6-91.jpg
Polish T-72
Polish T-55 T-55 skos RB.jpg
Polish T-55
PT-76 amphibious tank Pt-76 afv.jpg
PT-76 amphibious tank

As of 1981/82:

Formations
Number of Tanks

Total: 4,010 tanks [20]

Czechoslovakia

As of 1980

Formations
Number of Tanks as of year 1980

Total in 1980: 4,223 tanks [21]

Bulgaria

As of 1981/82

Formations of the Bulgarian People's Army
Number of Tanks

Total: 2,400 tanks

Hungary

As of 1981/82

Formations
Number of Tanks

Total: 1,100 tanks

Romania

As of 1981/82

Formations
Number of Tanks

Total: 1,845 tanks

Other

Stridsvagn 103. Stridsvagn 103 Revinge 2012-3.jpg
Stridsvagn 103.

Sweden

As of ca 1980

Formations
Number of tanks

The Swedish army was in the process of forming a mechanized brigade, type MekB 10, which became active in 1983/84. [26] This brigade was only equipped with 48 MBT's (Centurions) compared to the 72 MBT's of the regular armoured brigades, but instead received 24 Infanterikanonvagn 91 infantry support vehicles. [25]

Total: 456 tanks

Footnotes

  1. Armed Forces 1981/82 Page 73
  2. Armed Forces 1981/82 Page 73
  3. Armed Forces 1981/82. Page 20
  4. Armed Forces 1981/82 Page 76
  5. Armed Forces 1981/82 Page 76
  6. Armed Forces 1981/82 Page 84
  7. Armed Forces 1981/82 Page 84
  8. Armed Forces 1981/82 Page 102
  9. Armed Forces 1981/82. Page 102
  10. Curtatone, Manin, Mameli, Vittorio Veneto, Pozzuolo del Friuli
  11. Goito, Legnano, Garibaldi, Brescia, Trieste, Gorizia, Granatieri di Sardegna, Isonzo, Pinerolo
  12. Cremona, Friuli, Aosta, Acqui
  13. 7th "Petrucelli" and 13th "Gallo"
  14. 3rd "Savoia Cavalleria" and 8th "Lancieri di Montebello"
  15. 7th "Lancieri di Milano" 12th "Cavalleggeri di Saluzzo", 15th "Cavalleggeri di Lodi", 19th "Cavalleggeri Guide"
  16. Armed Forces 1981/82 Page 90
  17. Armed Forces 1981/82 Page 102
  18. Armed Forces 1981/82
  19. Armed Forces 1981/82 Page 54
  20. Armed Forces 1981/82 Page 57
  21. Francev, Vladimir."Ceskoslovenske tankove sily 1945–1992". page 135. Grada Publishing, 2012. ISBN   978-80-247-4029-4
  22. "Bulgarian Army".
  23. Hugemark, Bo, ed. (2017). Den stora invasionen: svenskt operativt tänkande under det kalla kriget. Publikation, 1652-5388 ; nr 47 (in Swedish). Stockholm: Medströms bokförlag i samarbete med forskningsprojektet Försvaret och det kalla kriget (FoKK). p. 248. ISBN   9789173291385. SELIBR   19793130.
  24. Kjellander, Bo, ed. (1992). Pansartrupperna 1942-1992[The Swedish Armoured Troops 1942-1992] (in Swedish). Skövde: Arméns pansarcentrum. pp. 405–411. ISBN   9163012537. SELIBR   7449092.
  25. 1 2 Hugemark, Bo, ed. (2017). Den stora invasionen: svenskt operativt tänkande under det kalla kriget. Publikation, 1652-5388 ; nr 47 (in Swedish). Stockholm: Medströms bokförlag i samarbete med forskningsprojektet Försvaret och det kalla kriget (FoKK). p. 247. ISBN   9789173291385. SELIBR   19793130.
  26. "Södermanlandsbrigaden – Sveriges första pansarbrigad" [Södermanlandsbrigaden – Sweden's first armored brigade]. www.mekb10.mil.se (in Swedish). Archived from the original on 9 October 1999.

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References