| Colimarena | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Zodariidae |
| Genus: | Colimarena Jocqué & Baert, 2006 |
| Species | |
See text. | |
| Diversity | |
| 2 species | |
Colimarena is a genus of spiders in the family Zodariidae (ant spiders), [1] found in the state of Colima, Mexico. [2]
Colimarena species are medium-sized spiders, with a body length of 3.5–6.0 mm. The fourth leg is longest. The cephalothorax (prosoma) is pale orange to pale brown in colour; the abdomen is mostly darker with a paler pattern of chevrons and spots. [2]
The genus was erected in 2005 by Rudy Jocqué and Léon Baert for two new species from the Mexican state of Colima. The generic name is based on this location. Colimarena is distinguished from related genera by the very high clypeus and the shape of the male palpal bulb: the tegulum is horseshoe-shaped and the embolus is mostly hidden in a hollow in the tegulum. [2] The genus name was changed from Colima to Colimarena in 2021 on account of Colima being preoccupied in Opiliones. [3]
As of May 2017 [update] , the World Spider Catalog accepted the following species: [1]
The sac spiders of the family Clubionidae have a very confusing taxonomic history. Once, this family was a large catch-all taxon for a disparate collection of spiders, similar only in that they had eight eyes arranged in two rows and conical anterior spinnerets that touched, and were wandering predators that built silken retreats, or sacs, usually on plant terminals, between leaves, under bark, or under rocks. These are now recognized to include several families, some of which are more closely related to the three-clawed spiders, like lynx and wolf spiders, than to Clubionidae and related families.
Ant spiders are members of the family Zodariidae. They are small to medium-sized eight-eyed spiders found in all tropical and subtropical regions of South America, Africa, Madagascar, Australia-New Guinea, New Zealand, Arabia and the Indian subcontinent. Most species are daytime hunters and live together with ants, mimicking their behavior and sometimes even their chemical traits. Although little is known about most zodariids, members of the genus Zodarion apparently feed only on ants; a number of other genera in the family are apparently also ant specialists.
Norman Ira Platnick was an American biological systematist and arachnologist. At the time of his death, he was a professor emeritus of the Richard Gilder Graduate School and Peter J. Solomon Family Curator Emeritus of the invertebrate zoology department of the American Museum of Natural History. A 1973 Ph.D. recipient at Harvard University, Platnick described over 1,800 species of spiders from around the world, making him the second most prolific spider taxonomist in history, behind only Eugène Simon. Until 2014 he was also the maintainer of the World Spider Catalog, a website formerly hosted by the AMNH which tracks the arachnology literature, and attempts to maintain a comprehensive list, sorted taxonomically, of every species of spider which has been formally described. In 2007 he received the International Society of Arachnology's Bonnet award, named for Pierre Bonnet, in recognition of his work on the catalog.
Tenedos is a spider genus of the family Zodariidae. It has around 72 species from Central and South America.
Ochyroceratidae is a six-eyed spider family, with 165 described species in ten genera. They are common inhabitants of caves and the tropical forest litter of South Africa, the Caribbean, Asia and South America. Considered an ecological counterpart of the Linyphiidae of the northern temperate zone, species are especially diverse in the Indo-Pacific region.
Palindroma is a genus of spiders in the family Zodariidae. The five species of Palindroma are found in central and eastern Africa, including Tanzania, Malawi, and the Democratic Republic of Congo, and individuals range from 7.5–10 mm (0.30–0.39 in) in body length. The specific name of each species is a palindrome, a word that reads the same backwards or forwards.
Hermippus is a genus of ant eating spiders in the family Zodariidae, containing twelve species restricted to Asia and parts of Africa. Three new species were discovered in 2014.
Arabellata is a genus of South Pacific sac spiders first described by V. Versteirt, L. Baert & Rudy Jocqué in 2010. As of April 2019 it contains only two species, both found in Papua New Guinea.
Invexillata is a genus of South Pacific sac spiders first described by V. Versteirt, L. Baert & Rudy Jocqué in 2010. As of April 2019 it contains only three species, all found in Papua New Guinea.
Arushina is a monotypic genus of East African corinnid sac spiders containing the single species, Arushina dentichelis. It was first described by Lodovico di Caporiacco in 1947, and has only been found in Tanzania. Originally placed with the Dictynidae, it was moved to the Ant spiders in 1967, to the Sac spiders in 1991, then to the Corrinid sac spiders in 2000.
Epicratinus is a genus of spiders in the family Zodariidae. It was first described in 2005 by Jocqué & Baert.
Ishania is a genus of Central American ant spiders first described in 1925 by Ralph Vary Chamberlin. Originally placed in Agelenidae, it was later moved to Zodariidae in 1965.
Psammorygma is a genus of African ant spiders found in the deserts of southern Africa, namely the Kalahari desert and the Namib desert. They are somewhat larger spiders, growing up to twenty millimeters in length. The carapace and chelicerae are brightly colored, while the legs and abdomen are generally a darker black or gray. They can be distinguished from other genera by a knob-like proximal extension found on the cheliceral fang and a double row of dorsal spines in a specific location. First described in 1991 by Jocqué, the name is from the Greek psammon, meaning "sand", and orugma, meaning "mine", in reference to the sandy tunnels these spiders live in. As of February 2019, it contains only three species: P. aculeatum, P. caligatum, and P. rutilans.
Storosa is a genus of Australian ant spiders first described by Rudy Jocqué in 1991. As of April 2019 it contains only two species. S. obscura is a fast running spider found on the ground between litter. It can grow up to 13 millimetres (0.51 in) long and waves its front legs if threatened.
Cambonilla is a genus of Cambodian and Laotian ant spiders first described by Rudy Jocqué in 2019. As of April 2019 it contains only two species.
Laminion is a genus of south Asian ant spiders. It was first described by P. M. Sankaran, J. T. D. Caleb and P. A. Sebastian in 2020, and it has only been found in India.
Bacelarella dracula is a species of jumping spider in the genus Bacelarella that lives in Ivory Coast and Nigeria. It was first described in 2001 by Tamás Szűts and Rudy Jocqué based on a holotype found near Appouasso. The spider is medium-sized with a plain dark brown carapace that has a length between 2.3 and 3.0 mm and a mottled abdomen that is between 2.3 and 2.8 mm long. The female is larger than the male. The male has a prominent tooth, which gives the species its name, recalling the fictional Count Dracula. The male also has a distinctive long prong that extends from the palpal bulb and a long embolus that curves so far that it nearly ends at its start. The female can be distinguished by its epigyne, and particularly the tight coil at the end of the copulatory openings.
Bacelarella pavida is a species of jumping spider in the genus Bacelarella that is endemic to Ivory Coast. It was first described in 2001 by Tamás Szűts and Rudy Jocqué based on a holotype found near Appouasso. The spider is medium-sized with a dark brown carapace that has a length between 3.7 and 4.0 mm and a mottled abdomen that is between 3 and 4.5 mm long. The carapace has a yellow spot and the abdomen has a pattern of white bands and spots. The male differs from other spiders in the genus in having a short embolus. The female can be distinguished by the large plate on the epigyne and large flaps on the chamber at the entrance to the short copulatory ducts.
Bacelarella iactans is a species of jumping spider in the genus Bacelarella that lives in Guinea and the Ivory Coast. It was first described in 2001 by Tamás Szűts and Rudy Jocqué based on a holotype found near Appouasso and is named after the Latin for showing off, after the iridescent colours of the legs. The spider is medium-sized with a dark brown carapace that has a length between 3.1 and 4.4 mm and a mottled abdomen that is between 3.2 and 4.8 mm long. The female is larger than the male. The male has a distinctive pattern of spots on the tegulum, which has two prongs, and a long embolus that curves so far that it loops around itself. The female can be distinguished by its epigyne, particularly the large triangular plate and the long coiled copulatory ducts.
Ranops wandae is a species of ant spider in the genus Ranops that lives in Namibia. First described in 2020 by Rudy Jocqué and Arnaud Henrard, the spider is small, measuring between 2.24 and 3.26 mm in length. The male is smaller thamn the female. The carapace is brown, bottle-shaped and has a mottled pattern only on the male. The abdomen is grey, oval and also lacks any pattern on either sex. Most of the remainder of the spider is brown. The most characteristic feature of the genus are the long legs, which can measure up to 9.15 mm (0.360 in) long in the case of the back legs of the female. The legs are also yellow. The male also has a distinctive large curved median apophysis and curved retrolateral tibial apophysis on the palpal bulb which helps identify this species against others in the genus.