Convoy battles of World War II

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Convoy Battles of World War II occurred when convoys of warships protected cargo ships assembled for mutual defense and were attacked by submarines, surface ships and/or aircraft. Most were in the North Atlantic from 1939 to 1943 and involved attacks by U-boat wolfpacks. Convoy battles also occurred in the Arctic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea and western Pacific Ocean.

Contents

Battles

ConvoyEscortDate Located [1] WarshipsBombersU-boats [1] Ships Sunk [1] GRT lost [1]
Convoy HX 65 —24 August 1940 [2] —12 [3] 3 [4] 7 [4] 42,311 [4]
Convoy HX 72 [5] —20 September 1940——91172,727
Convoy SC 7 —16 October 1940——72079,592
Convoy HX 79 —19 October 1940——51275,069
Convoy HX 84 [6] HMS Jervis Bay 5 November 1940 Scheer ——533,331
Convoy HX 90 — [7] 1 December 1940——71173,958
Convoy HG 53 —8 February 1941 [8] Hipper [8] 5 [8] 1 [8] 9 [8] 15,218 [8]
Convoy SL 64 — [8] 12 February 1941 [8] Hipper [8] ——7 [8] 32,806 [8]
Convoy OB 293 —7 March 1941——4227,206
Convoy HX 112 5th EG [9] 15 March 1941——5534,505
Convoy SC 26 1 April 1941——81051,969
Convoy OB 318 3rd EG [10] 7 May 1941——4950,985
Convoy HX 126 HMS Aurania [11] 19 May 1941——11951,862
Convoy OG 69 —24 July 1941——8711,303
Convoy OG 71 —17 August 1941——81015,185
Convoy SC 42 NEF 24th EG [12] 9 September 1941——191668,259
Convoy HG 73 —19 September 1941——51025,818
Operation Halberd Force H [13] 25 September 1941 [14] 2 × BB [15] 62 [16] 11 [14] 1 [17] 12,427 [13]
Convoy SC 48 EG 4.1.15 [18] 15 October 1941——91149,835
Convoy HG 76 36th EG [19] 16 December 1941——10418,383
Convoy NA 2 —31 January 1942——411,190
ON 67 TU 4.1.5 [20] 21 February 1942 [20] — [20] — [20] 5 [20] 8 [20] 54,750 [21]
Second Battle of Sirte (Convoy MW 10) [22] —21 March 1942 Littorio 93217,031
Convoy PQ 13 —28 March 1942——9211,507
Convoy ON 92 A-3 [23] 11 May 1942——6736,284
Convoy ON 100 C-1 [23] 8 June 1942——6520,478
Operation Vigorous (Convoy MW 11) [24] —12 June 1942——6212,915
Operation Harpoon (Convoy GM 4) [24] Force X14 June 1942———429,129
Convoy PQ 17 [25] 1st EG 1 July 1942—202 sorties [26] 916102,311
Convoy ON 115 C-3 [23] 29 July 1942——12321,456
Convoy SC 94 [23] C-15 August 1942——171153,421
Operation Pedestal (Convoy WS.5.21.S) [27] —10 August 1942—3162988,812
Convoy ON 122 [28] B-6 [28] 22 August 1942——14417,235
Convoy ON 127 C-4 [28] 9 September 1942——12851,619
Convoy PQ 18 —12 September 1942—775319,689
Convoy SC 100 [28] C-418 September 1942——17526,331
Convoy QP 14 —20 September 1942——7623,474
Convoy RB 1 [29] —23 September 1942——9311,525
Convoy SC 104 [28] B-612 October 1942——17843,970
Convoy HX 212 [28] A-326 October 1942——13651,918
Convoy SL 125 —27 October 1942——101280,005
Convoy SC 107 [28] C-430 October 1942——161582,817
Convoy ON 144 [28] B-615 November 1942——13626,321
Convoy ON 153 B-7 [28] 15 December 1942——13419,551
Convoy JW 51B [30] —24 December 19422 × Heavy cruiser —1—— [31]
Convoy ONS 154 [28] C-126 December 1942 [32] 0 [33] — [33] 16 [32] 14 [33] 66,922 [34]
Convoy TM 1 B-5 [30] 3 January 1943——14756,453
Convoy SC 118 [28] B-2 4 February 1943——201159,765
Convoy ON 166 [28] A-321 February 1943——191488,001
Convoy UC 1 [35] 44th EG [36] 22 February 1943——11326,682
Battle of the Bismarck Sea (Convoy 81) [37] 8 × DD 1 March 194310 × MTB 114—837,324
Convoy SC 121 [28] A-36 March 1943——261255,661
Convoy HX 228 [28] B-3 10 March 1943——19525,515
Convoy UGS 6 [38] 12 March 1943——17428,018
Convoy HX 229 [28] B-4 16 March 1943——431393,502
Convoy SC 122 [28] B-517 March 1943——43953,094
Convoy RS 3 27 March 1943——7315,389
Convoy HX 231 [28] B-74 April 1943——11641,494
Convoy ONS 5 [28] B-728 April 1943——551361,958
Convoy TS 37 —30 April 1943——1743,255
Convoy SC 130 —18 May 1943——25——
Convoy JW 55B [39] —22 December 1943 Scharnhorst —2—— [31]
Convoy JW 56A —25 January 1944——4321,584 [40]
Convoy Hi-40 [41] Shimushu [42] 19 February 1944 [42] — [42] — [42] 2 [42] 5 [42] 28,075 [41]
Convoy Hi-71 [43] 6th EG17 August 1944——6573,071 [44]
Convoy Hi-81 [45] 8th EG15 November 1944 [45] —16 [46] 3 [45] 36,100 [46]

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Famous Convoy Battles". uboat.net. Guðmundur Helgason. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
  2. ↑ Rohwer & Hümmelchen 2005, p. 36.
  3. ↑ Rohwer & Hümmelchen 1992, p. 32.
  4. 1 2 3 "Convoy HX.65". Arnold Hague Convoy Database. Retrieved 9 November 2013.
  5. ↑ Edwards 1999, p. 26.
  6. ↑ Rohwer & Hümmelchen 1992, p. 41.
  7. ↑ Rohwer & Hümmelchen 1992, pp. 42–43.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Rohwer & Hümmelchen 1992, p. 50.
  9. ↑ Rohwer & Hümmelchen 1992, p. 54.
  10. ↑ Blair 1996, p. 278.
  11. ↑ Rohwer & Hümmelchen 1992, p. 62.
  12. ↑ Milner 1985, p. 67.
  13. 1 2 Greene & Massignani 1998, p. 182.
  14. 1 2 Greene & Massignani 1998, p. 184.
  15. ↑ Greene & Massignani 1998, p. 187.
  16. ↑ Greene & Massignani 1998, p. 185.
  17. ↑ Greene & Massignani 1998, p. 191.
  18. ↑ Rohwer & Hümmelchen 1992, p. 90.
  19. ↑ Rohwer & Hümmelchen 1992, p. 108.
  20. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Abbazia 1975, p. 50.
  21. ↑ "Convoy ON.67". Arnold Hague convoy database. Retrieved 15 November 2013.
  22. ↑ Greene & Massignani 1998, pp. 216–222.
  23. 1 2 3 4 Milner 1985, p. 286.
  24. 1 2 Rohwer & Hümmelchen 1992, pp. 145–146.
  25. ↑ Rohwer & Hümmelchen 2005, pp. 175–176.
  26. ↑ Rohwer & Hümmelchen 2005, p. 176.
  27. ↑ Rohwer & Hümmelchen 2005, pp. 183, 186–187.
  28. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Milner 1985, pp. 148–150.
  29. ↑ Rohwer & Hümmelchen 1992, pp. 164–165.
  30. 1 2 Rohwer & Hümmelchen 1992, p. 184.
  31. 1 2 Hague 2000a, p. 189.
  32. 1 2 Rohwer & Hümmelchen 1992, p. 183.
  33. 1 2 3 "Convoy ONS 154". J. Gordon Mumford. Archived from the original on 11 January 2011. Retrieved 15 November 2013.
  34. ↑ Hague 2000a, p. 161.
  35. ↑ Blair 1998, pp. 811–812.
  36. ↑ Rohwer & Hümmelchen 1992, p. 195.
  37. ↑ Rohwer & Hümmelchen 1992, pp. 197–198.
  38. ↑ Hague 2000, p. 181.
  39. ↑ Rohwer & Hümmelchen 1992, p. 250.
  40. ↑ Hague 2000a, p. 189; Woodman 2004, p. 379.
  41. 1 2 "Hisendan". Nifty.com. Archived from the original on 16 February 2015. Retrieved 17 November 2013.
  42. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Cressman 2000, pp. 213–214.
  43. ↑ Blair 1975, pp. 676–678.
  44. ↑ Blair 1975, pp. 702–704.
  45. 1 2 3 Cressman 2000, pp. 274–275.
  46. 1 2 Blair 1975, pp. 748–749.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Convoy SC 121</span> Convoy during naval battles of the Second World War

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Convoy SC 118</span> Convoy during naval battles of the Second World War

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Convoy SC 94</span> Convoy during naval battles of the Second World War

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Convoy SC 130</span> Convoy during naval battles of the Second World War

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Convoy SC 104</span> Convoy during naval battles of the Second World War

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Convoy ON 127</span> Convoy during naval battles of the Second World War

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">CU convoys</span> Convoys during naval battles of the Second World War

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Convoy ON 144</span> Convoy during naval battles of the Second World War

Convoy ON 144 was a trade convoy of merchant ships during the Second World War. It was the 144th of the numbered series of ON convoys Outbound from the British Isles to North America. The ships departed Liverpool on 7 November 1942 and were joined on 8 November by Mid-Ocean Escort Force Group B-6 consisting of the Flower-class corvettes Vervain, Potentilla, Eglantine, Montbretia and Rose and the convoy rescue ship Perth. Group B-6 had sailed without the destroyers Fame and Viscount which had been damaged in the battle for eastbound convoy SC 104. The United States Coast Guard cutters Bibb, Duane, and Ingham accompanied the convoy from the Western Approaches with ships that detached for Iceland on 15 November.

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