Costa Rican general election, 1990

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Costa Rica general election, 1990
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←  1986 4 February 1990 (1990-02-04) 1994  →
Turnout 81.8%

  R A Calderon.jpg No image.png No image.png
Candidate Rafael Ángel Calderón Carlos Manuel CastilloVictor Camacho
Party Social Christian Unity National Liberation United People
Home state San José San José San José
Presidential vote694,589 (51.5%)636,701 (47.2%)9,217 (0.7%)
Legislative vote617,478 (46.2%)559,632 (41.9%)44,161 (3.3%)
Seats29251
Seat changeIncrease2.svg 4Decrease2.svg 4
Resultados electorales provinciales 1990.png
Provinces won by Calderón
President before election

Rafael Ángel Calderón Fournier
Social Christian Unity

Contents

Elected President

José María Figueres Olsen
National Liberation

Costa Rica
Coat of arms of Costa Rica.svg
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Costa Rica

General elections were held in Costa Rica on 4 February 1990. [1] Rafael Ángel Calderón Fournier of the Social Christian Unity Party won the presidential election, whilst his party also won the parliamentary election. Voter turnout was 81.8%. [2]

Costa Rica country in Central America

Costa Rica, officially the Republic of Costa Rica, is a country in Central America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the northeast, Panama to the southeast, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, and Ecuador to the south of Cocos Island. It has a population of around 5 million in a land area of 51,060 square kilometers. An estimated 333,980 people live in the capital and largest city, San José with around 2 million people in the surrounding metropolitan area.

Rafael Ángel Calderón Fournier President of Costa Rica

Rafael Ángel Calderón Fournier served as President of Costa Rica from 1990 to 1994. He was the presidential candidate of the Social Christian Unity Party for the national elections held in February 2010, but resigned his candidacy on 5 October 2009, when he was sentenced to five years in prison for two counts of corruption.

Social Christian Unity Party political party

The Social Christian Unity Party is a centre-right political party in Costa Rica.

Unlike previous elections, Calderon's nomination was not undisputed. Despite expressing that he would not run again for President after the results of the previous race, he was eventually convinced by his followers. Yet, young former minister and business man Miguel Ángel Rodríguez Echeverría from the liberal faction inside PUSC choose to face Calderón at the primaries. [3] [4] Former deputy José Hine from PUSC's left wing also run with testimonial results.

Liberalism is a political and moral philosophy based on liberty and equality. Liberals espouse a wide array of views depending on their understanding of these principles, but they generally support civil rights, democracy, secularism, gender equality, racial equality, internationalism, freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of religion, and free markets.

Despite the fact that Rodríguez clearly had no chance against Calderón, his candidacy was considered a smart move, as he would start to be in the spotlight and helping his way in future nominations. [5] As expected, Calderón won the primary election with 75% of the votes. On the other sidewalk former vice president Carlos Manuel Castillo won over young minister Rolando Araya Monge (nephew of ex-president Luis Alberto Monge) in PLN's primaries after a very hostile and traumatic campaign, in which Castillo even accused Araya of links with Narcotraffic, something that weakened PLN. [6] Minor parties proliferated in this election, with up to 12 different parties taking part, of which only left-wing coalition United People having some relevance with sociologist Victor Daniel Camacho as nominee earning 3% of the votes.

Rolando Araya Monge Costa Rican politician

Rolando Araya Monge is a Costa Rican socialist politician. He is a nephew of former president Luis Alberto Monge.

Luis Alberto Monge President of Costa Rica

Luis Alberto Monge Álvarez was the President of Costa Rica from 1982 to 1986. He also served as Costa Rica's first Ambassador to Israel from 1963 until 1966.

National Liberation Party (Costa Rica) political party

The National Liberation Party, nicknamed the verdiblancos, is a political party in Costa Rica. The party is a member of the Socialist International.

Results

President

CandidatePartyVotes%
Rafael Ángel Calderón Fournier Social Christian Unity Party 694,58951.5
Carlos Manuel Castillo Morales National Liberation Party 636,70147.2
Víctor Daniel Camacho Monge United People 9,2170.7
Fernando Ramírez Muñoz Christian National Alliance 4,2090.3
Isaac Felipe Azofeifa Progress Party 2,5470.2
Edwin Badilla Agüero Militant Workers Revolutionary Party 1,0050.1
Rodrigo Alberto Cordero Víquez Independent Party 7460.1
Invalid/blank votes35,312-
Total1,384,326100
Source: Nohlen

Parliament

PartyVotes%Seats+/-
Social Christian Unity Party 617,47846.229+4
National Liberation Party 559,63241.925-4
United People 44,1613.310
Generaleña Union 32,2922.41+1
Christian National Alliance 22,1541.600
Cartago Agrarian Union Party 14,1901.110
National Independent Party 10,6430.80New
Progress Party 7,7330.60New
Partido Alajuelense Solidario7,3300.50-1
Independent Party 5,5660.400
Limonese Authentic Party 4,9010.400
Agrarian Labour Action Party 4,7560.40New
Partido Agrario Nacional4,5940.30New
Militant Workers Revolutionary Party 7420.10New
Invalid/blank votes47,784---
Total1,383,956100570
Source: Nohlen

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The Reform State or Reformist State is a period in Costa Rican history characterized by the change in political and economic paradigm switching from the uncontrolled capitalism and laissez faire of the Liberal State into a more economically progressive Welfare State. The period ranges from approximately 1940 starting with the presidency of social reformer Rafael Angel Calderón Guardia and ends around the 1980s with the first neoliberal and Washington Consensus reforms that begun after the government of Luis Alberto Monge.

References

  1. ↑ Nohlen, D (2005) Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I, p155 ISBN   978-0-19-928357-6
  2. ↑ Nohlen, p157
  3. ↑ Láscaris, Constantino (1965). "El desarrollo de las Ideas Filosóficas en Costa Rica".
  4. ↑ "Rodríguez: balance final". La Nacion.
  5. ↑ Picado Leon, Hugo. "Proceso de selección de candid atos a presidente y diputados en el PLN y el PUSC (1990-2006)" (PDF). OPAL.
  6. ↑ Fernández, Oscar. "Costa Rica. La reafirmación del bipartidismo". Revista Nueva Sociedad. No.131: 4–10.
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