Cunningham's laurel | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Magnoliids |
Order: | Laurales |
Family: | Lauraceae |
Genus: | Cryptocarya |
Species: | C. cunninghamii |
Binomial name | |
Cryptocarya cunninghamii | |
Synonyms [1] | |
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Cryptocarya cunninghamii, commonly known as Cunningham's laurel or coconut laurel, [2] is a species of flowering plant in the laurel family and is endemic to northern Australia. It is a tree with oblong to elliptic leaves, the flowers creamy-green and tube-shaped, and the fruit a spherical black to purplish-blackdrupe.
Cryptocarya cunninghamii is a tree that typically grows to a height of up to 25 m (82 ft), its stem sometimes buttressed. Its leaves are oblong to elliptic, 65–135 mm (2.6–5.3 in) long and 24–56 mm (0.94–2.20 in) wide on a petiole 5–12 mm (0.20–0.47 in) long. The flowers are creamy-green, unpleasantly perfumed, and arranged in panicles usually shorter than the leaves. The perianth tube is 1.0–1.5 mm (0.039–0.059 in) long and 1.2–1.7 mm (0.047–0.067 in) wide, the tepals 1.3–2.0 mm (0.051–0.079 in) long, 0.9–1.1 mm (0.035–0.043 in) wide and hairy. The outer anthers are 0.7–0.8 mm (0.028–0.031 in) long and 0.5–0.6 mm (0.020–0.024 in) wide and glabrous, the inner anthers 0.4–0.7 mm (0.016–0.028 in) long. Flowering occurs from May to October, and the fruit is a spherical black to purplish-black drupe 13–15 mm (0.51–0.59 in) long and 13–16 mm (0.51–0.63 in) wide. [2] [3] [4]
Cryptocarya cunninghamii was first formally described in 1864 by Carl Meissner in de Candolle's Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis from specimens collected by Allan Cunningham near the Hunter River. [5] [6]
Cunningham's laurel grows in shallow or rocky soils in gorges with sandstone boulders, in coastal lowland rainforest and monsoon rainforest at altitudes from sea level to 500 m (1,600 ft), in the Northern Kimberley and Victoria Bonaparte bioregions of Western Australia, [7] the Arnhem Coast, Arnhem Plateau, Daly Basin, Darwin Coastal, Pine Creek, Tiwi Cobourg and Victoria Bonaparte bioregions of the Northern Territory, and the Cape York Peninsula, Wet Tropics and Hinchinbrook Island of Queensland. [4] It probably also occurs in New Guinea. [2] [3]
Grevillea tetragonoloba is species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It is a dense, erect to spreading shrub, usually with pinnatipartite to almost pinnatisect leaves, the end lobes linear, and clusters of yellowish-brown to fawn flowers with a scarlet to orange-red style.
Grevillea nudiflora is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south coast of Western Australia. It is a prostrate to low, spreading shrub, usually with linear leaves, and with small groups of red and yellow flowers often close to the ground on long flowering stems.
Cryptocarya rigida is a small tree or shrub growing in high rainfall areas in north eastern New South Wales, Australia. It was described in 1864 by Carl Meissner in Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis. Extinct in the Illawarra region, allegedly seen in the Illawarra in 1818 by Allan Cunningham.
Cryptocarya bidwillii, commonly known as yellow laurel, is a species of flowering plant in the laurel family and is endemic to eastern Australia. Its leaves are lance-shaped to elliptic, the flowers creamy-white and tube-shaped, and the fruit an elliptic black drupe.
Grevillea tripartita is species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect, prickly shrub with divided leaves with 3 lobes, and clusters of red and cream-coloured or reddish-orange and yellow flowers.
Actinotus minor, commonly known as the lesser flannel flower, is species of flowering plant in the family Apiaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It is a small, sprawling plant with grey-green leaves and white flowers.
Adenanthos venosus is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a restricted part of the southwest of Western Australia. It is an openly-branched shrub with clustered egg-shaped leaves and reddish flowers.
Cassinia cunninghamii, commonly known as Cunninghams everlasting, is a plant native to central New South Wales in eastern Australia.
Persoonia rudis is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect shrub with hairy young branchlets, linear leaves, and yellow flowers borne in groups of five to thirty on a rachis 3–100 mm (0.12–3.94 in) that continues to grow after flowering.
Persoonia dillwynioides, commonly known as Fitzgerald persoonia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a restricted area in the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect, spreading shrub with smooth bark, linear leaves and bright yellow flowers borne singly or in groups of up to four along a rachis up to 3 mm (0.12 in) long.
Persoonia trinervis is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect, sometimes spreading shrub with densely hairy young branchlets, spatula-shaped or lance-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and densely hairy yellow flowers.
Persoonia sulcata is a plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a small, erect or low spreading shrub with narrow, linear leaves and cylindrical yellow flowers arranged singly or in groups of up to three in leaf axils. It grows in woodland or on rocky slopes and is found in several disjunct populations.
Persoonia hakeiformis is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect or spreading to low-lying shrub with mostly smooth bark, linear leaves and bright yellow flowers borne in groups of up to sixty along a rachis up to 100 mm (3.9 in) long.
Grevillea pinifolia, commonly known as the pine-leaved grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a restricted area in the south-west of Western Australia. It is a low, mounded shrub with linear, more or less cylindrical leaves and red to orange-red flowers.
Trochocarpa cunninghamii is a flowering plant species of the family Ericaceae and is endemic to Tasmania. It is commonly referred to as straggling purpleberry due to its round flattened mauve drupe fruits. It is a woody shrub usually found in the understorey of rainforests and subalpine forests in the Central Plateau and western Tasmania.
Pandorea floribunda is a species of flowering plant in the family Bignoniaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is similar to Pandorea pandorana but the leaflets are egg-shaped, 30–80 mm (1.2–3.1 in) long and 15–50 mm (0.59–1.97 in) wide and the flowers are pale yellow to cream-coloured.
Styphelia cymbiformis is a flowering plant in the family Ericaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a bushy or wiry shrub that typically grows to a height of 30–50 cm (12–20 in) and has more or less glabrous branches. Its leaves are erect, linear to lance-shaped and sharply-pointed, mostly 2–4 mm (0.079–0.157 in) long. The flowers are arranged in short spikes, sometimes of only two or three flowers, with lance-shaped, leaf-like bracts, and bracteoles half as long as the sepals at the base of the spikes. The sepals are 2.5–3.0 mm (0.098–0.118 in) long and the petals slightly longer than the sepals, the lobes shorter than the petal tube.
Pimelea floribunda is a species of flowering plant in the family Thymelaeaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a shrub with narrowly elliptic to egg-shaped leaves arranged in opposite pairs, and drooping, head-like clusters of white or cream-coloured, tube-shaped flowers.
Pimelea umbratica, is a species of flowering plant in the family Thymelaeaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a shrub with densely hairy young stems, narrowly elliptic or more or less oblong leaves, and white flowers arranged singly, or in small groups, in leaf axils.
Wilkiea macrophylla, commonly known as large-leaved wilkiea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Monimiaceae, and is endemic to north-eastern Australia. It is a glabrous shrub or small tree with narrowly to broadly elliptic leaves, and male and female flowers on separate plants. Male flowers have 2 pairs of tepals and usually 2 pairs of stamens, and female flowers have 6 or 7 pairs of tepals and 13 to 20 carpels. The fruit is a glossy purplish to olive black drupe.