Cyclone Phyan

Last updated
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
Disc Plain black.svg Tropical cyclone
Solid black.svg Subtropical cyclone
ArrowUp.svg Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

Late on November 4, 2009, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) reported that an area of convection had started to deepen around a poorly organized and elongated low level circulation center about 340 km (210 mi), to the southwest of Colombo in Sri Lanka. [2] The low level circulation center was located in a region of upper level divergence which was providing a good channel for outflow, however it was also located in an area of moderate to high levels of vertical wind shear. [2] During the next couple of days the disturbance gradually developed whilst moving around a subtropical ridge of pressure before the disturbance moved onshore in India during November 7 and became more marked as it moved out into the warm waters of the Arabian Sea during the next day. [3] [4] [5] Early on November 9, as a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert was issued by the JTWC; the India Meteorological Department (IMD) reported that the disturbance had become a depression and designated it as Depression ARB 03 as multiple bands of deep convection had started to consolidate around the now well-defined low-level circulation center. [6] [7]

Later on November 9, the JTWC reported that the depression had intensified into a tropical cyclone, designating it as 04A, with wind speeds equivalent to a tropical storm as organized deep convection increased around a consolidating low level circulation center. [8] Early the next day the IMD reported that the depression had intensified into a Deep Depression as convection organized further. The IMD further reported later that day that the deep depression had reached its peak windspeeds of 65 km/h (40 mph) 3-min sustained, which made it a Cyclonic storm with it being named as Phyan whilst located about 500 km (310miles) to the southwest of Mumbai as it moved into an area of high vertical wind shear. [9] [10] Early on November 11 the JTWC reported that Phyan had reached its peak intensity of 95 km/h (60 mph), before the Cyclone made landfall in Maharashtra between Alibagh and Mumbai later that morning. [11] [12] Later that day as the low level circulation center had rapidly detached from the deep convection the JTWC issued their final advisory whilst the IMD reported that Phyan had weakened into a depression before downgrading it to a well marked area of low pressure early on November 12. [13] [14] [15]

Preparations and impact

Cyclonic Storm Phyan (04A)
Phyan 2009-11-11 0325Z.jpg
Phyan shortly after landfall on November 11, 2009
Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants in India
Highest-known totals
PrecipitationStormLocationRef.
Rankmmin
12,30090.551968 Severe Cyclonic Storm Pedong, West Bengal [16]
21,84072.44 Severe Cyclonic Storm ARB 01 (2004) Aminidivi, Lakshadweep [17]
31,34052.76 Depression Six (1961) Cherrapunji, Meghalaya [18]
4128050.39 Nisha (2008) Orathanadu, Tamil Nadu [19] [20] [21]
5117146.10 Phyan (2009) Kethi, Tamil Nadu [22]
6103040.55 Ogni (2006) Avanigadda, Andhra Pradesh [23]
795337.521943 Severe Cyclonic Storm Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu [24]
891035.83 Deep Depression Four (1963) Cherrapunji, Meghalaya [25]
981031.89Cyclone 12 (1959)Bano [26]
1080031.50Cyclone 5 (1968)Harnai [26]

As the IMD upgraded the depression to Cyclonic Storm Phyan, they warned the states of Gujarat and Maharashtra to expect extremely heavy rainfall of over 25 cm, (9.84 inches), over South Gujarat and North Maharashtra whilst squally winds of 70–75 km/h were expected along and off the coasts of Karnataka, Goa and Maharashtra. [10] Fishermen were advised not to venture into the sea along and off these coasts as the sea condition would be very rough. [10]

Massive damage to property was reported in the districts of Ratnagiri, Raigad, Sindhudurg, Thane and Palghar. In Navi Mumbai the 7th one-day international cricket match between India and Australia was abandoned after Cyclone Phyan brought heavy rain to Mumbai. [27] [28]

As a tropical disturbance, Phyan caused heavy rainfall in Tamil Nadu. Kethi in Nilgiris district of Tamil Nadu recorded 82 cm of rainfall in 24 hours, beating the previous 24‑hour rainfall record for Tamil Nadu. Kethi recorded 1171 mm of rainfall in 72 hours, making it the 5th wettest cyclone in India. [29]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cyclone Agni</span> North Indian Ocean severe cyclonic storm in 2004

Severe Cyclonic Storm Agni was a tropical cyclone of the 2004 North Indian Ocean cyclone season notable for its record proximity to the equator. It was the second North Indian Ocean cyclone to receive a name, after Onil earlier in the year. Agni formed on November 28 well to the southwest of India in the Arabian Sea, and steadily intensified as it tracked northwestward. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) estimated peak 1 minute sustained winds of 120 km/h (75 mph), while the India Meteorological Department (IMD) estimated peak 3 minute sustained winds of 100 km/h (60 mph); the IMD is the official warning center for the north Indian Ocean. After peaking, it weakened due to wind shear, dry air, and cooler waters, and the JTWC issued its final advisory on December 3 as it approached the coast of Somalia. The remnants of Agni moved along the Somalian coastline until dissipating on December 5.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2006 North Indian Ocean cyclone season</span> North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone season

The 2006 North Indian Ocean cyclone season had no bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, with peaks in May and November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2007 North Indian Ocean cyclone season</span> North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone season

The 2007 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was one of the most active North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons on record. The North Indian Ocean cyclone season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, with peaks in May and November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2008 North Indian Ocean cyclone season</span> North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone season

The 2008 North Indian cyclone season was one of the most disastrous tropical cyclone seasons in modern history, causing more than 140,000 fatalities and over US$15 billion in damage. At the time, it was the costliest season in the North Indian Ocean, until it was surpassed by 2020. The season has no official bounds but cyclones tend to form between April and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean. There are two main seas in the North Indian Ocean—the Bay of Bengal, which is east of India, and the Arabian Sea, which is west of India. The official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre in this basin is the India Meteorological Department (IMD), however the Joint Typhoon Warning Center releases unofficial advisories for military interests. An average of four to six storms form in the North Indian Ocean every season. Cyclones occurring between the meridians 45°E and 100°E are included in the season by the IMD.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1999 North Indian Ocean cyclone season</span> Cyclone season in the North Indian ocean

The 1999 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. The North Indian Ocean cyclone season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, with peaks in May and November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1991 North Indian Ocean cyclone season</span>

The 1991 North Indian Ocean Cyclone season was an extremely deadly and destructive season causing the deaths of more than 138,000 people and over $1.5 billion in damages. It was the period in which tropical cyclones formed to the north of the equator in the Indian Ocean. During the season tropical cyclones were monitored by the India Meteorological Department (IMD) and the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. The IMD assigned all depressions that it monitored with BOB followed by a number in numerical order. The JTWC also assigned a number and either the letter A or B depending on where the depression was when the first advisory was issued.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1993 North Indian Ocean cyclone season</span> Cyclone season in the North Indian Ocean in 1993

The 1993 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was the least active on record in the basin, with only four tropical disturbances. There are two main seas in the North Indian Ocean – the Bay of Bengal to the east of the Indian subcontinent and the Arabian Sea to the west. The India Meteorological Department (IMD) issued advisories for the systems in its official capacity as the local Regional Specialized Meteorological Center, while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center also issued advisories for two of the storms on an unofficial basis. Of the five disturbances tracked by the IMD, two intensified into cyclonic storms.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2009 North Indian Ocean cyclone season</span> North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone season

The 2009 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. The North Indian Ocean cyclone season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, with peaks in May and November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cyclone Rashmi</span>

Cyclonic Storm Rashmi was the seventh tropical cyclone of the 2008 North Indian Ocean cyclone season and second cyclonic storm, as well as the fifth tropical cyclone in the Bay of Bengal that year. A fairly weak tropical cyclone, it caused some notable damage in Bangladesh and India.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cyclone Nisha (2008)</span> Tropical cyclone in the Indian Ocean

Cyclonic Storm Nisha was a fairly weak but catastrophic tropical cyclone that struck Sri Lanka, and India which killed over 200. It was the ninth tropical cyclone of the 2008 North Indian Ocean cyclone season, and the seventh tropical cyclone in the Bay of Bengal that year.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2010 North Indian Ocean cyclone season</span> North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone season

The 2010 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was one of the most active tropical cyclone season in the North Indian Ocean since 1998. The season saw 8 depressions and 5 named storms forming in the region.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2011 North Indian Ocean cyclone season</span> North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone season

The 2011 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was the least active tropical cyclone season in the North Indian Ocean since 1993. Only two cyclonic storms formed, below the average of four to six. The North Indian Ocean cyclone season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, with peaks in May and November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean. The scope of this article is limited to the Indian Ocean in the Northern Hemisphere, east of the Horn of Africa and west of the Malay Peninsula. There are two main seas in the North Indian Ocean — the Arabian Sea to the west of the Indian subcontinent, abbreviated ARB by the India Meteorological Department (IMD); and the Bay of Bengal to the east, abbreviated BOB by the IMD.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2012 North Indian Ocean cyclone season</span> North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone season

The 2012 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was a very inactive season. The season had a very late start, with the first system forming in October. During the season, only five systems formed, of which only two became cyclonic storms. Both the storms made landfall, and they, along with the deep depressions, were responsible for 128 deaths and economic losses worth at least $56.7 million.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2013 North Indian Ocean cyclone season</span> North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone season

The 2013 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation, in which tropical cyclones formed in the North Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea. The season had no official bounds, but cyclones typically formed between May and December, with the peak from October to November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2014 North Indian Ocean cyclone season</span> North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone season

The 2014 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. The season included two very severe cyclonic storms, both in October, and one other named cyclonic storm, classified according to the tropical cyclone intensity scale of the India Meteorological Department. Cyclone Hudhud is estimated to have caused US$3.58 billion in damage across eastern India, and more than 120 deaths.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cyclone Nilofar</span> North Indian cyclone in 2014

Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Nilofar was, at the time, the third-strongest cyclone in the Arabian Sea. In late October 2014, it reached peak maximum sustained winds estimated between 205 km/h (125 mph) and 215 km/h (130 mph). The India Meteorological Department (IMD) named it Nilofar; the name refers to the water lily, and was suggested by Pakistan. The western fringes of the storm caused flash flooding in northeastern Oman, killing four people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2016 North Indian Ocean cyclone season</span> North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone season

The 2016 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. It was the deadliest season since 2010, killing more than 400 people. The season was an average one, seeing four named storms, with one further intensifying into a very severe cyclonic storm. The first named storm, Roanu, developed on 19 May while the season's last named storm, Vardah, dissipated on 18 December. The North Indian Ocean cyclone season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, with the two peaks in May and November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2020 North Indian Ocean cyclone season</span> North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone season

The 2020 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was the costliest North Indian Ocean cyclone season on record, mostly due to the devastating Cyclone Amphan. The North Indian Ocean cyclone season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and November, with peaks in late April to May and October to November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean. The season began on May 16 with the designation of Depression BOB 01 in the Bay of Bengal, which later became Amphan. Cyclone Amphan was the strongest storm in the Bay of Bengal in 21 years and would break Nargis of 2008's record as the costliest storm in the North Indian Ocean. The season concluded with the dissipation of Cyclone Burevi on December 5. Overall, the season was slightly above average, seeing the development of five cyclonic storms.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2022 North Indian Ocean cyclone season</span> Tropical cyclone season

The 2022 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. It was an above-average season in terms of depressions and average in terms of deep depressions, but slightly below average in terms of cyclonic storms. It was also the least deadly North Indian Ocean cyclone season since 1988, according to official data. The season's strongest tropical cyclone was Cyclone Asani, with maximum wind speeds of 100 km/h and a minimum barometric pressure of 982 hPa. The North Indian Ocean cyclone season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, with the peak from May to November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2023 North Indian Ocean cyclone season</span> North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone season

The 2023 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was an above-average and deadly season, becoming the deadliest season since 2017, mainly due to Cyclone Mocha. With nine depressions and six cyclonic storms forming, it became the most active season, featuring the second-highest accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) on record only behind 2019. It also had the most extremely severe cyclonic storms on record, tieing with 1999 and 2019. The North Indian Ocean cyclone season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, with the peak from May to November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean. However, a cyclone can form at any time during the year shown by an unnamed depression that affected Sri Lanka in January-February.

References

  1. ↑ "Disaster List | EM-DAT". Archived from the original on 2010-09-23. Retrieved 2013-05-09.
  2. 1 2 "Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Indian Ocean 2009-11-04 18z". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 2009-11-04. Retrieved 2009-11-10.[ permanent dead link ]
  3. ↑ "Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Indian Ocean 2009-11-05 18z". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 2009-11-05. Retrieved 2009-11-10.[ permanent dead link ]
  4. ↑ "Tropical Weather Outlook 2009-11-08 06z". India Meteorological Department. 2009-11-08. Archived from the original on July 17, 2009. Retrieved 2009-11-10.
  5. ↑ "Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Indian Ocean 2009-11-08 15z". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 2009-11-08. Retrieved 2009-11-10.[ permanent dead link ]
  6. ↑ "Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert 2009-11-09 09z". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 2009-11-09. Retrieved 2009-11-10.[ permanent dead link ]
  7. ↑ "Special Tropical Weather Outlook for the North Indian Ocean 2009-11-09 12z". India Meteorological Department. 2009-11-09. Archived from the original on 2009-11-10. Retrieved 2009-11-10.
  8. ↑ "Tropical Cyclone 04A Warning nr 001". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 2009-11-09. Retrieved 2009-11-11.[ permanent dead link ]
  9. ↑ "Special Tropical Weather Outlook for the Northern Indian Ocean 2009-11-10 03z". India Meteorological Department. 2009-11-10. Archived from the original on October 24, 2008. Retrieved 2009-11-11.
  10. 1 2 3 "IMD C-wind Advisory 2009-11-10 18z". India Meteorological Department. 2009-11-10. Archived from the original on March 6, 2010. Retrieved 2009-11-11.
  11. ↑ "JTWC Running Best Track". Joint Typhoon Warning Center . United States Naval Research Laboratory. 2009-11-09. Retrieved 2009-11-13.
  12. ↑ "IMD Tropical Cyclone Warning 2009-11-11 15z". India Meteorological Department. 2009-11-11. Archived from the original on October 24, 2008. Retrieved 2009-11-13.
  13. ↑ "JTWC Tropical Cyclone 04A Warning nr 08 2009-11-11 15z". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 2009-11-11. Retrieved 2009-11-13.[ permanent dead link ]
  14. ↑ "IMD C-Wind Advisory 2009-11-11 18z". India Meteorological Department. 2009-11-11. Archived from the original on October 25, 2008. Retrieved 2009-11-13.
  15. ↑ "IMD C-Wind Advisory 2009-11-12 00z". India Meteorological Department. 2009-11-12. Archived from the original on October 25, 2008. Retrieved 2009-11-13.
  16. ↑ "India Weather Review, 1969 Annual Summary Part-C - Storms and Depressions" (PDF). NOAA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-03-01.
  17. ↑ Alarming Rise in the Number and Intensity of Extreme Point Rainfall Events over the Indian Region under Climate Change Scenario (PDF) (Report). Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology. August 2009.
  18. ↑ India Meteorological Department (1961). "Annual Summary — Storms & Depressions: Depression in the Bay of Bengal" (PDF). India Weather Review. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: 10–11.
  19. ↑ IMD. "IMD Pune Climate Bulletin Nov 2008" (PDF).
  20. ↑ The Hindu (2008-11-28). "Rain-related death toll rises to 51" . Retrieved 2010-06-08.
  21. ↑ Regional Specialized Meteorological Center New Delhi, India (January 2009). "Report on Cyclonic Disturbances over North Indian Ocean during 2008" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. Archived from the original on April 5, 2010. Retrieved January 17, 2013.
  22. ↑ "Record Rainfall over Ketty Valley, Nilgiri, Tamil Nadu" (PDF). MAUSAM. 63 (1). IMD. January 2012.
  23. ↑ M M Nayak (2007). "Cyclone Ogni". Andhra Pradesh Disaster Management. Retrieved 2010-06-08.
  24. ↑ "India Weather Review, 1943 Annual Summary Part C - Storms and Depressions" (PDF). Government of India Meteorological Department. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-04-29.
  25. ↑ India Meteorological Department (1963). "Annual Summary — Storms & Depressions: Deep depression in the Bay of Bengal" (PDF). India Weather Review. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: 9–11. Retrieved May 13, 2013.
  26. 1 2 U.S.De, R.K.Dube and G.S.Prakasa Rao (July 2005). "Extreme Weather Events over India in the last 100 years" (PDF). J. Ind. Geophys. Union. 9 (3): 184. Retrieved 2010-06-08.
  27. ↑ "Phyan aftermath: Search for missing still on, says Chavan". DNA India. 2009-11-12. Archived from the original on November 14, 2009. Retrieved 2009-11-13.
  28. ↑ "Last ODI washed out". Cricket Australia. 2009-11-12. Archived from the original on 2011-03-14. Retrieved 2009-11-13.
  29. ↑ Kulandaivelu, E.; Guhan, M. V. (January 2012). "Record Rainfall over Ketty Valley, Nilgiri, Tamil Nadu" (PDF). MAUSAM. 63 (1): 165–167. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-04-12.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.