Author | Ernest Hemingway edited by William White |
---|---|
Original title | Dateline: Toronto Hemingway's Complete Toronto Star Dispatches 1920–1924 |
Country | United States |
Language | English |
Genre | collection |
Publisher | Charles Scribner's Sons |
Publication date | 1985 |
Media type | Print (Hardback & Paperback) |
Pages | 478 pp |
ISBN | 0-684-18515-6 |
OCLC | 12311732 |
814/.54 19 | |
LC Class | PS3515.E37 A6 1985 |
Dateline: Toronto is a collection of most of the stories that Ernest Hemingway wrote as a stringer and later staff writer and foreign correspondent for the Toronto Star between 1920 and 1924. The stories were written while he was in his early 20s before he became well-known, and show his development as a writer. [1] The collection was edited by William White, a professor of English literature and journalism at Wayne State University, and a regular contributor to The Hemingway Review. [2]
In 1920, after returning from World War I, Hemingway moved to Toronto where he began freelancing for the Toronto Star Weekly, part of the Toronto Star . For his earliest work, he was paid $5 and eventually hired by the paper. [3] On March 6, 1920, he received his first byline for the Toronto Star Weekly, a story entitled "Taking a Chance for a Free Shave." The story was about a trip to a barber college, where shaves were free, but performed by inexperienced barbers still in training. [4]
Hemingway continued writing features at a rate of about one a week. He stayed in Toronto off and on for two years, earning about $45 a week. [3] During this time he wrote stories on a wide array of subjects—from the benefits of centralized government purchasing ("Buying Commission Would Cut Out Waste", The Toronto Daily Star, April 26, 1920) to a boxing match between Georges Carpentier and Jack Dempsey ("Carpentier Sure to Give Dempsey Fight Worth While", The Toronto Star Weekly, October 30, 1920) to a humorous look at returning World War I veterans ("Lieutenants' Mustaches the Only Permanent Thing We Got Out of War", The Toronto Star Weekly, April 10, 1920.)
In 1921 Hemingway returned to Chicago and wrote dispatches from there. In December 1921, his career changed forever when he went to Europe with his wife and where, as a foreign correspondent, he wrote human-interest stories about post-war conditions. There he made his first experience of bullfighting, the sport that came to be so important in his writings. [5]
After much success as a foreign correspondent, Hemingway returned to Toronto in 1923. But upon his return, he had a bitter falling out with his editor, Harry Hindmarsh, who believed he had been spoiled by his time overseas. [5] Hindmarsh gave him mundane assignments, and Hemingway grew bitter and wrote an angry resignation letter in December 1923. Even his resignation was ignored, and he continued to write sporadically through 1924. [3] In 1924, he published in our time (in lower case) which was the foundation for In Our Time , and decided to leave the Star.
The collection Dateline: Toronto contains 172 articles that Hemingway wrote for the Star. At the time of the collection's publication, in 1985, it was believed to contain the complete works of Ernest Hemingway for the Star. [4]
Determining which stories he wrote, however, was not a straightforward task. In the 1920s, it was common for newspaper stories to run without crediting the author. Of the stories in the collection, only 137 were bylined Ernest M. Hemingway (he did not stop using his middle initial until later in his career). The rest of the stories had either no byline, or occasionally pseudonyms if Hemingway already had one story in the paper. [1]
In researching Hemingway's career for the Centennial of the Toronto Star , reporter William Burrill uncovered evidence of 30 additional stories that he had written for the Toronto Star, but had been either missed by earlier researchers, published without Hemingway's bylines, or published under such bylines as "Peter Jackson" or "John Hadley", which were known Hemingway pseudonyms already identified in White's collection [6] [7] When Hemingway had returned from Europe, his editor possibly punished him by refusing to allow him bylines, but many of the stories identified by Burrill had evidence pointing to his authorship. (Most of these additional "lost" stories can be found in William Burrill's book Hemingway, The Toronto Years, a 392-page award-winning biography that also fully reprints 25 of the "lost" Hemingway stories in Burrill's 135-page appendix. (Doubleday Canada, Hardcover 1994, ISBN 0-385-25489-X and Trade Paper 1995, ISBN 0-385-25558-6). Furthermore, Burrill points out that the Toronto Star archives only maintained copies of the final edition of the newspaper; Hemingway may have written stories that fell out of the final edition and as such his complete works for the Toronto Star may never be known. [7]
Many of the stylistic techniques and themes that would characterize Hemingway's writing were first put to use for the Star. In a dispatch from Spain in 1922, he would write a passage reminiscent of his Pulitzer-prize winning The Old Man and the Sea : [8]
But if you land a big tuna after a six-hour fight, fight him man against fish until your muscles are nauseated with the unceasing strain, and finally bring him up alongside the boat, green-blue and silver in the lazy ocean, you will be purified and will be able to enter unabashed into the presence of the very elder gods and they will make you welcome." Ideas later surfaced in The Old Man and the Sea. "At Vigo, in Spain, Is Where You Catch the Silver and Blue Tuna, the King of All Fish, The Toronto Star Weekly, February 18, 1922 [4]
On assignment for the Toronto Star, Hemingway also wrote about his first bullfight in a lengthy feature ("Bull-Fighting Is Not a Sport—It Is a Tragedy", The Toronto Star Weekly, October 20, 1923). Bullfighting would become a major motif in his writing, appearing in The Sun Also Rises and Death in the Afternoon . [8] His stories also displayed his characteristic sparse use of language, attention to detail, and ear for dialogue. [1]
A humorous streak is also present in much of Hemingway's newspaper writing. Humor, however was not common in his later writing, possibly because the humor reminded him of journalism, or because he believed the humor was simply not appropriate in serious literature. [5] [8] All the literary and humorous flourishes in his writing have led to suspicion that his stories may have included details that were embellished. [9]
Hemingway would grow to disavow his newspaper writing, and did not wish for it to be compared to his later publications; he reportedly would become infuriated at such comparisons. [5]
Ernest Miller Hemingway was an American novelist, short-story writer, and journalist. His economical and understated style—which he termed the iceberg theory—had a strong influence on 20th-century fiction, while his adventurous lifestyle and public image brought him admiration from later generations. Hemingway produced most of his work between the mid-1920s and the mid-1950s, and he was awarded the 1954 Nobel Prize in Literature. He published seven novels, six short-story collections, and two nonfiction works. Three of his novels, four short-story collections, and three nonfiction works were published posthumously. Many of his works are considered classics of American literature.
Ringgold Wilmer Lardner was an American sports columnist and short story writer best known for his satirical writings on sports, marriage, and the theatre. His contemporaries Ernest Hemingway, Virginia Woolf, and F. Scott Fitzgerald all professed strong admiration for his writing, and author John O'Hara directly attributed his understanding of dialogue to him.
A Farewell to Arms is a novel by American writer Ernest Hemingway, set during the Italian campaign of World War I. First published in 1929, it is a first-person account of an American, Frederic Henry, serving as a lieutenant in the ambulance corps of the Italian Army. The novel describes a love affair between the expatriate from America and an English nurse, Catherine Barkley.
The Sun Also Rises is a 1926 novel by American writer Ernest Hemingway, his first, that portrays American and British expatriates who travel from Paris to the Festival of San Fermín in Pamplona to watch the running of the bulls and the bullfights. An early modernist novel, it received mixed reviews upon publication. Hemingway biographer Jeffrey Meyers writes that it is now "recognized as Hemingway's greatest work" and Hemingway scholar Linda Wagner-Martin calls it his most important novel. The novel was published in the United States in October 1926 by Scribner's. A year later, Jonathan Cape published the novel in London under the title Fiesta. It remains in print.
Elmore John Leonard Jr. was an American novelist, short story writer, and screenwriter. His earliest novels, published in the 1950s, were Westerns, but he went on to specialize in crime fiction and suspense thrillers, many of which have been adapted into motion pictures.
Death in the Afternoon is a non-fiction book written by Ernest Hemingway about the ceremony and traditions of Spanish bullfighting, published in 1932. The book provides a look at the history and the Spanish traditions of bullfighting. It also contains a deeper contemplation on the nature of fear and courage. While essentially a guide book, there are three main sections: Hemingway's work, pictures, and a glossary of terms.
In Our Time is the title of Ernest Hemingway's first collection of short stories, published in 1925 by Boni & Liveright, New York, and of a collection of vignettes published in 1924 in France titled in our time. Its title is derived from the English Book of Common Prayer, "Give peace in our time, O Lord".
The Canadian cartoonist James Llewellyn Frise is best known for his work on the comic strip Birdseye Center and his illustrations of humorous prose pieces by Greg Clark.
Elizabeth Hadley Richardson was the first wife of American author Ernest Hemingway. The two married in 1921 after a courtship of less than a year, and moved to Paris within months of being married. In Paris, Hemingway pursued a writing career, and through him Hadley met other expatriate American and British writers.
Gregory Clark, was a Canadian war veteran, journalist, and humourist.
"Big Two-Hearted River" is a two-part short story written by American author Ernest Hemingway, published in the 1925 Boni & Liveright edition of In Our Time, the first American volume of Hemingway's short stories. It features a single protagonist, Hemingway's recurrent autobiographical character Nick Adams, whose speaking voice is heard just three times. The story explores the destructive qualities of war which is countered by the healing and regenerative powers of nature. When it was published, critics praised Hemingway's sparse writing style and it became an important work in his canon.
"Indian Camp" is a short story written by Ernest Hemingway. The story was first published in 1924 in Ford Madox Ford's literary magazine Transatlantic Review in Paris and republished by Boni & Liveright in Hemingway's first American volume of short stories In Our Time in 1925. Hemingway's semi-autobiographical character Nick Adams—a child in this story—makes his first appearance in "Indian Camp", told from his point of view.
"The Doctor and the Doctor's Wife" is a short story by Ernest Hemingway, published in the 1925 New York edition of In Our Time, by Boni & Liveright. The story is the second in the collection to feature Nick Adams, Hemingway’s autobiographical alter ego. "The Doctor and the Doctor's Wife" follows "Indian Camp" in the collection, includes elements of the same style and themes, yet is written in counterpoint to the first story.
"Fifty Grand" is a short story by Ernest Hemingway. It was first published in The Atlantic Monthly in 1927, and it appeared later that year in Hemingway's short story collection Men Without Women.
"Cross Country Snow" is a short story written by Ernest Hemingway. The story was first published in 1924 in Ford Madox Ford's literary magazine Transatlantic Review in Paris and republished by Boni & Liveright in Hemingway's first American volume of short stories In Our Time in 1925. The story features Hemingway's recurrent autobiographical character Nick Adams and explores the regenerative powers of nature and the joy of skiing.
On Writing is a story fragment written by Ernest Hemingway which he omitted from the end of his short story, "Big Two-Hearted River", when it was published in 1925 in In Our Time. It was then published after Hemingway's death in the 1972 collection The Nick Adams Stories.
Today is Friday is a short, one act play by Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961). The play was first published in pamphlet form in 1926 but became more widely known through its subsequent publication in Hemingway's 1927 short story collection, Men Without Women. The play is a representation of the aftermath of the crucifixion of Jesus, in the form of a conversation between three Roman Soldiers and a Hebrew bartender. It is one of the few dramatic works written by Hemingway.
By-Line: Ernest Hemingway is a 1967 collection of 77 of the articles that Ernest Hemingway wrote as a journalist between 1920 and 1956. The collection was edited by William White, a professor of English literature and journalism at Wayne State University, and a regular contributor to The Hemingway Review. By-Line: Ernest Hemingway has been translated into fourteen languages and made the New York Times best-seller list.
William White was an American journalist, writer, educator and literary historian. He was professor of Journalism and American Studies at Wayne State University from 1947 to 1980, and set up and chaired the journalism program at Oakland University. He edited collections of the works of Walt Whitman, A. E. Housman, and Ernest Hemingway, and wrote over forty books and thousands of articles. In 1969, he was reputed to own the world's largest collection of books published by Hemingway.
Harry Comfort Hindmarsh was a legendary reporter, editor and newspaper executive whose intense competitive instincts and talent for spotting, then publishing, powerful photos helped turn the Toronto Star into one of Canada's most financially successful and politically influential daily newspapers. During his 45-year career at the Star, beginning in 1911, HCH, as he was known, rose from cub reporter to managing editor and after the death of owner/editor Joseph E. Atkinson in 1948, he served for nearly nine years as president of the company.