Demetrius was bishop of Antioch in the 3rd century AD. In 253 he was taken to Persia as a captive by Shapur I, where he became the first bishop of Gundeshapur. [1] Despite being far from his original see, Demetrius was not replaced as bishop of Antioch until Paul of Samosata became bishop in 260. [2]
Wilhelm Baum is an Austrian historian, theologian, philosopher and publisher.
Mar Denha I was Patriarch of the Church of the East from 1265 to 1281. He was widely suspected of murdering Shem'on Bar Qaligh, bishop of Tus, and was remembered by later generations as Denha Qatola, 'Denha the Murderer'.
Makkikha II was Patriarch of the Church of the East from 1257 until his death in 1265. He succeeded the patriarch Sabrisho V ibn al-Masihi and was followed by Denha I.
The Council of Seleucia-Ctesiphon, also called the Council of Mar Isaac, met in AD 410 in Seleucia-Ctesiphon, the capital of the Persian Sassanid Empire. Convoked by King Yazdegerd I (399–421), it organized the Christians of his empire into a single structured Church, which became known as the Church of the East. It is often compared to Constantine's Edict of Milan, approximately a century earlier. The events of this council are documented in the Synodicon Orientale.
David of Basra, sometimes rendered Dudi of Basra or David of Charax, was a 3rd- and 4th-century CE Christian metropolitan bishop who undertook missionary work in India around the year 300. He is among the earliest documented Christian missionaries in India, perhaps later only than the apostle Thomas, who may have visited India in the 1st century, though sources for the period are fragmentary and sometimes confused.
Mar Shimun XX Paulos served as the 118th Catholicos-Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East.
Theodore Bar Konai was a distinguished Syriac exegete and apologist of the Church of the East who seems to have flourished at the end of the eighth century. His most famous work was a book of scholia on the Old and New Testaments.
Sabrisho I was Patriarch of the Church of the East from 596 to 604, during the rule of King Khosrow II.
Babowai was Catholicos of Seleucia-Ctesiphon and Patriarch of the Church of the East from 457 to 484, during the reign of the Sassanid King Peroz I. Babowai was known for his pro-Byzantine leanings, for which he was often in conflict with other members of the anti-Byzantine Church of the East. He was executed in 484.
Babai, also Babaeus, was Catholicos of Seleucia-Ctesiphon and Patriarch of the Church of the East from 497 to 503. Under his leadership, the Church in Sasanian Empire (Persia) became increasingly aligned with the Nestorian movement, declared heretical in the Roman Empire.
Yahballaha III, known in earlier years as Rabban Marcos was Patriarch of the East from 1281 to 1317. As patriarch, Yahballaha headed the Church of the East during the severe persecutions under the reign of khans Ghazan and his successor Öljaitü. He acknowledged the primacy of the Pope and tried to form a church union, which was rejected by the Nestorian bishops of the Church of the East.
Mar Shimun XVIII Rubil served as the Catholicos-Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East from 1861 to 1903, succeeding his uncle Shimun XVII Abraham.
Mar Dadishoʿ was the Catholicos of the East from 421 AD to 456 AD. During his reign as Catholicos, in 424 AD, the Church of the East declared itself independent of all other churches, resulting in Mar Dadishoʿtaking the title of Patriarch, becoming the first Catholicos-Patriarch of Seleucia-Ctesiphon.
Eliya VI was Patriarch of the Church of the East from 1558 to 1591, with residence in Rabban Hormizd Monastery, near Alqosh, in modern Iraq. In older historiography, he was designated as Eliya VI, but later renumbered as Eliya "VII" by some authors, who believed that during the period from 1558 to 1591 there were two successive Eliya patriarchs. After the resolution of several chronological questions, he was designated again as Eliya VI, and that numeration is accepted in recent scholarly works.
Mar Shemʿon II was the patriarch of the Church of the East from c. 1385 until c. 1405. He succeeded Denha II, who died in 1381/2, and his reign corresponds to the beginning of a period of obscurity in the Church of the East and the patriarchal succession.
Mar Elīyā V was the patriarch of the Church of the East from September 1502 until his death in 1504.
Eliya VII was Patriarch of the Church of the East from 1591 to 1617, with residence in Rabban Hormizd Monastery, near Alqosh, in modern Iraq. On several occasions, in 1605–1607 and 1610, and again in 1615–1616, he negotiated on with representatives of the Catholic Church, but without any final conclusion. In older historiography, he was designated as Eliya VII, but later renumbered as Eliya "VIII" by some authors. After the resolution of several chronological questions, he was designated again as Eliya VII, and that numeration is accepted in recent scholarly works.
Eliya VIII was Patriarch of the Church of the East from 1617 to 1660, with residence in Rabban Hormizd Monastery, near Alqosh, in modern Iraq. On several occasions he was approached by representatives of the Catholic Church, but those contacts didn't led to any agreement. In older historiography, he was designated as Eliya VIII, but later renumbered as Eliya "IX" by some authors. After the resolution of several chronological questions, he was designated again as Eliya VIII, and that numeration is accepted in recent scholarly works.
Eliya X was Patriarch of the Church of the East from 1700 to 1722, with residence in Rabban Hormizd Monastery, near Alqosh, in modern Iraq. During his tenure, traditional ties of the Patriarchate with the remaining Christian community of the East Syriac Rite in India were re-established, and in 1708 bishop Mar Gabriel was sent there by the Patriarch, succeeding upon arrival to the Malabar Coast to revive the local East Syriac Christian community.
Mar Shemʿon VI was Patriarch of the Church of the East from 1504 until his death on 5 August 1538. Shemon is credited with revising the East Syriac Rite, replacing commemorations of traditional saints and martyrs with new ones, especially for those who had founded monasteries. Following his death, he was succeeded as Patriarch by his brother Shemon VII Ishoyahb, who had been natar kursya throughout his reign; since the reign of Shemon IV the role of Patriarch had been passed hereditarily. Shemon VI was buried alongside other Patriarchs of his era at Rabban Hormizd Monastery near Mosul, his residence while he had been Patriarch; his epitaph, recorded by Vosté, was inscribed by a priest named Israel.