Dictyochloris

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Dictyochloris
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Clade: Viridiplantae
Division: Chlorophyta
Class: Chlorophyceae
Order: Sphaeropleales
Family: Dictyochloridaceae
Fučíková, P.O.Lewis & L.A.Lewis
Genus: Dictyochloris
Vischer, 1945
Type species
Dictyochloris fragrans
Vischer [1]
Species [1]

Dictyochloris is a genus of green algae in the class Chlorophyceae. [2] It is the sole genus of the family Dictyochloridaceae. [3] It is commonly found in terrestrial and subaerial habitats. [4]

Contents

The genus Dictyochloris was first described by Wilhelm Vischer in 1945. [1] Later, it was re-investigated by Richard C. Starr in 1955. [5] It is not to be confused with DictyochlorisKorshikov, which is an later (and thus illegitimate) homonym because it was described after Vischer used the name Dictyochloris. Because it is illegitimate, that genus was renamed to Dictyochlorella . [4] [6]

Etymology

The scientific name Dictyochloris has roots in the Greek language. The prefix “dictyo” is derived from the Greek word “δίκτυο” or “díktyo” meaning “network”, [7] which is in reference to the net-like chloroplast present in this genus. The medial “-chloro-” is from “χλωρός” or “chloros” meaning “the colour green” [8] [9] because of the green pigment, chlorophyll, which colors the algae.

Description

Dictyochloris consists of solitary, spherical cells surrounded by a thin cell wall. Cells are coenocytic, i.e. have multiple nuclei. The chloroplast is net-like, parietal when young, developing into an irregular three-dimensional network. Chloroplasts lack pyrenoids. [4]

Dictyochloris reproduces asexually via zoospores or aplanospores, which are produced when the mother cell's contents repeatedly undergo binary fission. Zoospores bear an eyspot and two flagella, one of which is slightly longer than the other. [10]

The genus is morphologically similar to Dictyochloropsis , which also has chloroplasts in the form of an irregular, three-dimensional network of strands. However, Dictyochloropsis has one nucleus at maturity while Dictyochloris has multiple nuclei. [11] Some Dictyochloropsis species have been transferred to a new genus, Symbiochloris. [12]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chlorophyta</span> Phylum of green algae

Chlorophyta is a division of green algae informally called chlorophytes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sphaeropleales</span> Order of algae

Sphaeropleales is an order of green algae that used to be called Chlorococcales. The order includes some of the most common freshwater planktonic algae such as Scenedesmus and Pediastrum. The Sphaeropleales includes vegetatively non-motile unicellular, colonial, or filamentous taxa. They have biflagellate zoospores with flagella that are directly opposed in direction : Sphaeroplea, Atractomorpha, Neochloris, Hydrodictyon, and Pediastrum. All of these taxa have basal body core connections. Motile cells generally lack cell walls or have only a very fine layer surrounding the cell membrane. Other common characteristics include a robust vegetative cell wall, cup-shaped chloroplasts with large pyrenoids, and relatively large nuclei.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hydrodictyaceae</span> Family of algae

Hydrodictyaceae is a family of green algae in the order Sphaeropleales. They are found in freshwater habitats worldwide.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Neochloridaceae</span> Family of algae

Neochloridaceae is a family of green algae in the order Sphaeropleales.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Selenastraceae</span> Family of algae

Selenastraceae is a family of green algae in the order Sphaeropleales. Members of this family are common components of the phytoplankton in freshwater habitats worldwide. A few species have been found in brackish and marine habitats, such as in the Baltic Sea.

Ankyra is a genus of green algae in the family Characiaceae. This genus of algae is closely related to Atractomorpha and Sphaeroplea. They are found in stagnant waters.

<i>Bracteacoccus</i> Genus of algae

Bracteacoccus is a genus of green algae, the sole genus of the family Bracteacoccaceae. It is a terrestrial alga commonly found in soils, from the tropics to the poles.

<i>Chlamydocapsa</i> Genus of algae

Chlamydocapsa is a genus of green algae, specifically of the Chlorophyceae.

Dictyochloropsis is a genus of unicellular green alga of the phylum Chlorophyta. This genus consists of free-living algae which have a reticulate (net-like) chloroplast that varies slightly in morphology between species, and that when mature always lacks a pyrenoid. Dictyochloropsis is asexual and reproduces using autospores.

<i>Dictyosphaerium</i> Genus of algae

Dictyosphaerium is a genus of green algae, in the family Chlorellaceae. It occurs in freshwater habitats around the world and is planktonic. The name comes from the Greek roots diktyon, meaning "net", and sphaira, meaning "ball", referring to its morphology.

<i>Lagerheimia</i> Genus of algae

Lagerheimia is a genus of green algae in the family Oocystaceae. It is commonly found in freshwater habitats all over the world, although some species are rare and have only been recorded from Europe or the United States.

Lobocharacium is a genus of green algae in the family Characiosiphonaceae. It contains the single species Lobocharacium coloradoense. It has been isolated from a pond in Colorado, United States.

<i>Paulschulzia</i> Genus of algae

Paulschulzia is a genus of green algae, specifically of the family Tetrasporaceae.

<i>Planktosphaeria</i> Genus of algae

Planktosphaeria is a genus of Chlorophyceae of the green algae. It was first described by the phycologist Gilbert Morgan Smith in 1918, with Planktosphaeria gelatinosa as its type species. Species of Planktosphaeria are commonly found in freshwater plankton around the world.

Pseudomuriella is a genus of green algae, specifically of the class Chlorophyceae. It is the sole genus of the family Pseudomuriellaceae. It is a terrestrial alga that inhabits soils.

<i>Selenastrum</i> Genus of algae

Selenastrum is a genus of green algae in the family Selenastraceae. It is common in freshwater habitats around the world. Most species prefer temperate or warm-temperate waters.

<i>Tetrastrum</i> Genus of algae

Tetrastrum is a genus of green algae (Chlorophyta). It is a common component of the phytoplankton of freshwater habitats, particularly eutrophic and alkaline waters.

Korshikoviella is a genus of green algae in the family Characiaceae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chlorochytriaceae</span> Family of algae

Chlorochytriaceae is a family of algae within the order Chlamydomonadales. Alternatively, it shows some morphological similarity to Characiosiphonaceae and closely related to it. It contains a number of parasitic taxa endophytic within vascular plants, mosses, or other algae.

Bracteamorpha is a genus of green algae in the order Sphaeropleales, and is the only genus in the family Bracteamorphaceae. It contains a single species, Bracteamorpha trainorii.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. "Dictyochloris". AlgaeBase . World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. Retrieved 2023-09-14.
  2. ↑ See the NCBI webpage on Dictyochloris. Data extracted from the "NCBI taxonomy resources". National Center for Biotechnology Information . Retrieved 2007-03-19.
  3. ↑ Fučíková, Karolina; Lewis, Paul O.; Lewis, Louise A. (2014). "Putting incertae sedis taxa in their place: A proposal for ten new families and three new genera in Sphaeropleales (Chlorophyceae, Chlorophyta)". Journal of Phycology. 50 (1): 14–25. doi:10.1111/jpy.12118. PMID   26988005. S2CID   24770288.
  4. 1 2 3 Shubert, Elliot; Gärtner, Georg (2014). "Chapter 7. Nonmotile Coccoid and Colonial Green Algae". In Wehr, John D.; Sheath, Robert G.; Kociolek, J. Patrick (eds.). Freshwater Algae of North America: Ecology and Classification (2 ed.). Elsevier Inc. ISBN   978-0-12-385876-4.
  5. ↑ Starr, R.C. "A comparative study of Chlorococcum Meneghini and other spherical, zoospore-producing genera of the Chlorococcales". Indiana University Publications. Science Series. 20: 1–111.
  6. ↑ Silva, Paul C. (1959). "Remarks on Algal Nomenclature II". Taxon. 8 (2): 60–64. doi:10.2307/1216032. JSTOR   1216032.
  7. ↑ "dictyo- - Word Information". wordinfo.info. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
  8. ↑ "chloro-, chlor- + - Word Information". wordinfo.info. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
  9. ↑ "Chloros Meaning in Bible - New Testament Greek Lexicon - New American Standard". Bible Study Tools. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
  10. ↑ D. M. John; Brian A. Whitton; Alan J. Brook, eds. (2002). The freshwater algal flora of the British Isles: an identification guide to freshwater and terrestrial algae. Cambridge University Press. pp. 126–. ISBN   978-0-521-77051-4 . Retrieved 31 January 2011.
  11. ↑ Nakano, Taketo; Isagi, Yuji (1987). "Dictyochloropsis irregularis sp. nov. (Chlorococcales, Chlorophyceae) isolated from the surface of bark". Phycologia. 26 (2): 222–227. doi:10.2216/i0031-8884-26-2-222.1.
  12. ↑ Škaloud, Pavel; Friedl, Thomas; Hallmann, Christine; Beck, Andreas; Dal Grande, Francesco (August 2016). Gabrielson, P. (ed.). "Taxonomic revision and species delimitation of coccoid green algae currently assigned to the genus Dictyochloropsis (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta)". Journal of Phycology. 52 (4): 599–617. doi:10.1111/jpy.12422. PMID   27135898. S2CID   21349734.
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