Dilip V. Jeste

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Dilip V. Jeste is an American geriatric neuropsychiatrist, who specializes in successful aging as well as schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders in older adults. He was senior associate dean for healthy aging and senior care, distinguished professor of psychiatry and neurosciences, Estelle and Edgar Levi Memorial Chair in Aging, [1] director of the Sam and Rose Stein Institute for Research on Aging, and co-director of the IBM-UCSD Artificial Intelligence Center for Healthy Living at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine. [2] [3] after serving for 36 years, he retired from UC San Diego on July 1, 2022.

Contents

He is the author, with Scott LaFee, of Wiser: The Scientific Roots of Wisdom, Compassion, and What Makes Us Good. In it, he describes evidence-based findings on the definition, measurement, and neurobiology of wisdom as well as its relationship with aging, and interventions to promote wisdom. [1]

Jeste is past president of the American Psychiatric Association (APA). He was the first Asian-American, to preside over this 175-year-old organization. [2] [3] He was also the first psychiatrist of Indian descent to be elected to the Institute of Medicine (IOM) of the National Academy of Sciences. [4] [5] He gave a TEDMED talk on wisdom and aging in 2015. [6]

Jeste has published 14 books, more than 750 articles in peer-reviewed journals, and over 160 book chapters, and he was listed in "The Best Doctors in America", and also in the Institute for Scientific Information list of the "world's most cited authors", comprising less than 0.5% percent of all publishing researchers of the previous two decades. [7] He has received numerous awards, including those from the National Alliance on Mental Illness, International Psychogeriatric Association, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), Institute of Living, Veterans Affairs, and APA. [8] [9] [10]

Professional experience

Jeste obtained his medical degree in Pune, and psychiatry training at KEM hospital in Mumbai, India. After coming to the United States, he completed psychiatry residency at Cornell University, and neurology residency at George Washington University. He was a research fellow, and later, Chief of the Units on Movement Disorders and Dementias at the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). In 1986 he joined UC San Diego School of Medicine, where he developed an NIMH-funded Geriatric Psychiatry Clinical Research Center, focused on schizophrenia and other psychoses in late life. [11] He was editor-in-chief of The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry [12] for 15 years, and is currently the editor-in-chief of International Psychogeriatrics. [13]

Jeste's work has been cited nationally and internationally in popular media including PBS, National Public Radio, Time , The New York Times , [14] The Atlantic , [15] The Times , [16] Los Angeles Times , O, The Oprah Magazine and Scientific American , [17] among others. [18]

Research

Jeste's primary areas of research are psychosis and its treatment in late life, and successful cognitive aging, [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] including wisdom. [24] [25] He has also conducted studies of clinical, neuropsychological and neurobiological characteristics of late-onset schizophrenia, aging of early-onset schizophrenia patients, and psychosis of Alzheimer's disease. [26] In terms of treatments, he has published on therapeutic and adverse effects (including tardive dyskinesia and metabolic syndrome) of antipsychotics. He also has published on psychosocial treatments as well as certain bioethical aspects of research (particularly decision making capacity and methods for enhancing it) among older people with psychotic disorders. [27]

Personal life

Jeste was born in a small town in the state of Maharashtra, India, and became the first medical doctor in his family. He and his wife, Sonali Jeste, M.D. (who later became a child psychiatrist), immigrated to the U.S. in 1974 to pursue further training. They live in San Diego, California, and have two daughters. [28]

Selected books

Selected articles

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Antipsychotic</span> Class of medications

Antipsychotics, also known as neuroleptics, are a class of psychotropic medication primarily used to manage psychosis, principally in schizophrenia but also in a range of other psychotic disorders. They are also the mainstay together with mood stabilizers in the treatment of bipolar disorder.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Schizophrenia</span> Mental disorder with psychotic symptoms

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by continuous or relapsing episodes of psychosis. Major symptoms include hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking. Other symptoms include social withdrawal, and flat affect. Symptoms typically develop gradually, begin during young adulthood, and in many cases never become resolved. There is no objective diagnostic test; diagnosis is based on observed behavior, a psychiatric history that includes the person's reported experiences, and reports of others familiar with the person. To be diagnosed with schizophrenia, the described symptoms need to have been present for at least six months or one month. Many people with schizophrenia have other mental disorders, especially substance use disorders, depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, and obsessive–compulsive disorder.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Typical antipsychotic</span> Class of drugs

Typical antipsychotics are a class of antipsychotic drugs first developed in the 1950s and used to treat psychosis. Typical antipsychotics may also be used for the treatment of acute mania, agitation, and other conditions. The first typical antipsychotics to come into medical use were the phenothiazines, namely chlorpromazine which was discovered serendipitously. Another prominent grouping of antipsychotics are the butyrophenones, an example of which is haloperidol. The newer, second-generation antipsychotics, also known as atypical antipsychotics, have largely supplanted the use of typical antipsychotics as first-line agents due to the higher risk of movement disorders in the latter.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Atypical antipsychotic</span> Class of pharmaceutical drugs

The atypical antipsychotics (AAP), also known as second generation antipsychotics (SGAs) and serotonin–dopamine antagonists (SDAs), are a group of antipsychotic drugs largely introduced after the 1970s and used to treat psychiatric conditions. Some atypical antipsychotics have received regulatory approval for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, irritability in autism, and as an adjunct in major depressive disorder.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Risperidone</span> Antipsychotic medication

Risperidone, sold under the brand name Risperdal among others, is an atypical antipsychotic used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. It is taken either by mouth or by injection. The injectable versions are long-acting and last for 2–4 weeks.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Quetiapine</span> Atypical antipsychotic medication

Quetiapine, sold under the brand name Seroquel among others, is an atypical antipsychotic medication used for the treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, borderline personality disorder, and major depressive disorder. Despite being widely used as a sleep aid due to its sedating effect, the benefits of such use do not appear to generally outweigh the side effects. It is taken orally.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Neurocognition</span> Cognitive functions related to a brain region

Neurocognitive functions are cognitive functions closely linked to the function of particular areas, neural pathways, or cortical networks in the brain, ultimately served by the substrate of the brain's neurological matrix. Therefore, their understanding is closely linked to the practice of neuropsychology and cognitive neuroscience – two disciplines that broadly seek to understand how the structure and function of the brain relate to cognition and behaviour.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tardive dyskinesia</span> Neurological disorder featuring involuntary, repetitive body movements

Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a disorder that results in involuntary repetitive body movements, which may include grimacing, sticking out the tongue or smacking the lips. Additionally, there may be rapid jerking movements or slow writhing movements. In about 20% of people with TD, the disorder interferes with daily functioning.

Paraphrenia is a mental disorder characterized by an organized system of paranoid delusions with or without hallucinations and without deterioration of intellect or personality.

Bipolar disorder in children, or pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD), is a rare and controversial mental disorder in children and adolescents. PBD is hypothesized to be like bipolar disorder (BD) in adults, thus is proposed as an explanation for periods of extreme shifts in mood called mood episodes. These shifts alternate between periods of depressed or irritable moods and periods of abnormally elevated moods called manic or hypomanic episodes. Mixed mood episodes can occur when a child or adolescent with PBD experiences depressive and manic symptoms simultaneously. Mood episodes of children and adolescents with PBD deviate from general shifts in mood experienced by children and adolescents because mood episodes last for long periods of time and cause severe disruptions to an individual's life. There are three known forms of PBD: Bipolar I, Bipolar II, and Bipolar Not Otherwise Specified (NOS). Just as in adults, bipolar I is also the most severe form of PBD in children and adolescents, and can impair sleep, general function, and lead to hospitalization. Bipolar NOS is the mildest form of PBD in children and adolescents. The average age of onset of PBD remains unclear, but reported ages of onset range from 5 years of age to 19 years of age. PBD is typically more severe and has a poorer prognosis than bipolar disorder with onset in late-adolescence or adulthood.

In medicine, a prodrome is an early sign or symptom that often indicates the onset of a disease before more diagnostically specific signs and symptoms develop. It is derived from the Greek word prodromos, meaning "running before". Prodromes may be non-specific symptoms or, in a few instances, may clearly indicate a particular disease, such as the prodromal migraine aura.

Geriatric psychiatry, also known as geropsychiatry, psychogeriatrics or psychiatry of old age, is a branch of medicine and a subspecialty of psychiatry dealing with the study, prevention, and treatment of neurodegenerative, cognitive impairment, and mental disorders in people of old age. Geriatric psychiatry as a subspecialty has significant overlap with the specialties of geriatric medicine, behavioural neurology, neuropsychiatry, neurology, and general psychiatry. Geriatric psychiatry has become an official subspecialty of psychiatry with a defined curriculum of study and core competencies.

Childhood schizophrenia is similar in characteristics of schizophrenia that develops at a later age, but has an onset before the age of 13 years, and is more difficult to diagnose. Schizophrenia is characterized by positive symptoms that can include hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized speech; negative symptoms, such as blunted affect and avolition and apathy, and a number of cognitive impairments. Differential diagnosis is problematic since several other neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder, language disorder, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, also have signs and symptoms similar to childhood-onset schizophrenia.

The diagnosis of schizophrenia, a psychotic disorder, is based on criteria in either the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, or the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Clinical assessment of schizophrenia is carried out by a mental health professional based on observed behavior, reported experiences, and reports of others familiar with the person. Diagnosis is usually made by a psychiatrist. Associated symptoms occur along a continuum in the population and must reach a certain severity and level of impairment before a diagnosis is made. Schizophrenia has a prevalence rate of 0.3-0.7% in the United States

Perminder Sachdev is an Indian neuropsychiatrist based in Australia. He is a professor of neuropsychiatry at the University of New South Wales (UNSW), co-director of the UNSW Centre for Healthy Brain Aging, and clinical director of the Neuropsychiatric Institute at the Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney. He is considered a trailblazer in the field of neuropsychiatry. Sachdev's research interests include ageing, vascular cognitive disorders such as vascular dementia, and psychiatric disorders.

Sam and Rose Stein Institute for Research on Aging is a non-profit, multidisciplinary research institute at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine located in La Jolla, California. Established in 1983, it researches healthy aging through the development and application of the latest advances in biomedical and behavioral sciences.

The American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry is a learned society of professionals aiming to improve the quality of life for the elderly population, promote a healthy aging process, and a greater awareness of geriatric mental health issues.

Dopamine supersensitivity psychosis is a hypothesis that attempts to explain the phenomenon in which psychosis occurs despite treatment with escalating doses of antipsychotics. Dopamine supersensitivity may be caused by the dopamine receptor D2 antagonizing effect of antipsychotics, causing a compensatory increase in D2 receptors within the brain that sensitizes neurons to endogenous release of the neurotransmitter dopamine. Because psychosis is thought to be mediated—at least in part—by the activity of dopamine at D2 receptors, the activity of dopamine in the presence of supersensitivity may paradoxically give rise to worsening psychotic symptoms despite antipsychotic treatment at a given dose. This phenomenon may co-occur with tardive dyskinesia, a rare movement disorder that may also be due to dopamine supersensitivity.

The University of California, San Diego Performance-Based Skills Assessment (UPSA) was created by Dr. Thomas L. Patterson to provide a more reliable measure of every day functioning in patients with schizophrenia than the previously utilized methods such as self-report, clinician ratings or direct observation.

References

  1. 1 2 Jeste, Dilip V. (2020). Wiser: The Scientific Roots of Wisdom, Compassion, and What Makes Us Good. ISBN   978-1683644637.
  2. 1 2 "'Positive Psychiatry' Focus of New APA President's Term".
  3. 1 2 "PsychiatryOnline | Psychiatric News | News Article". pn.psychiatryonline.org. Archived from the original on 12 July 2012. Retrieved 27 January 2022.
  4. ↑ "Dilip Jeste - Institute of Medicine". Archived from the original on 2012-08-04. Retrieved 2011-08-31.
  5. ↑ "Focus on Asia at WCAP 2011". Archived from the original on 2011-10-31. Retrieved 2011-10-11.
  6. ↑ Seeking wisdom in graying matter, TEDMED, 2016-06-14, retrieved 2018-02-14
  7. ↑ http://hcr3.webofknowledge.com/author.cgi?&link1=Search&link2=Search%20Results&AuthLastName=Jeste&AuthFirstName=Dilip&AuthMiddleName=&AuthMailnstName=&CountryID=-1&DisciplineID=0&id=2594%5B%5D
  8. ↑ "NAMI | Pictures from 2012 Exemplary Psychiatrist Awards Ceremony". Archived from the original on 2013-10-05. Retrieved 2019-07-25.
  9. ↑ "Jeste Lab | UC San Diego Dept. Psychiatry".
  10. ↑ "International Psychogeriatric Association". Archived from the original on 2014-02-03. Retrieved 2012-10-22.
  11. ↑ "Home | Department of Psychiatry at UC San Diego School of Medicine". Archived from the original on November 20, 2011.
  12. ↑ "Wolters Kluwer Health".
  13. ↑ "International Psychogeriatrics". Cambridge Core. Retrieved 2018-02-14.
  14. ↑ Tarkan, Laurie (2008-06-24). "Doctors Say Medication Is Overused in Dementia". The New York Times.
  15. ↑ Rauch, Jonathan. "The Real Roots of Midlife Crisis". The Atlantic. Retrieved 2018-02-14.
  16. ↑ "The Times & the Sunday Times".
  17. ↑ "Is wisdom in the brain?". Scientific American .
  18. ↑ Akitunde, Anthonia (2012-11-28). "Antipsychotic Drugs: 4 Commonly Used Meds Aren't Effective Or Safe For Older Adults, New Study Finds". The Huffington Post.
  19. ↑ http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/511194 Secrets of Successful Aging: An Expert Interview With Dilip Jeste, MD
  20. ↑ http://jama.ama-assn.org/content/303/19/1980.full Successful Cognitive and Emotional Aging
  21. ↑ "Wisdom at the End of Life". UC Health - UC San Diego. Retrieved 2018-02-14.
  22. ↑ "Researchers Find Common Psychological Traits in Group of Italians Aged 90 to 101". UC Health - UC San Diego. Retrieved 2018-02-14.
  23. ↑ "Successful Dying: Researchers Define the Elements of a "Good Death"". UC Health - UC San Diego. Retrieved 2018-02-14.
  24. ↑ Neurobiology of Wisdom: A Literature Overview
  25. ↑ Expert Consensus on Characteristics of Wisdom: A Delphi Method Study
  26. ↑ Malaspina, Lauren; Woods, Steven Paul; Moore, David J.; Depp, Colin; Letendre, Scott L.; Jeste, Dilip; Grant, Igor; HIV Neurobehavioral Research Programs (HNRP) Group (Feb 2011). "Successful cognitive aging in persons living with HIV infection". J Neurovirol. 17 (1): 110–9. doi:10.1007/s13365-010-0008-z. PMC   3032198 . PMID   21165783.
  27. ↑ "Home | Department of Psychiatry at UC San Diego School of Medicine".
  28. ↑ "'Is there a doctor in the house?' There will be four at the Jeste Family residence in la Jolla! | la Jolla Light | la Jolla Light". Archived from the original on 2011-10-06. Retrieved 2011-08-31.
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