| Diploglena proxila | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Caponiidae |
| Genus: | Diploglena |
| Species: | D. proxila |
| Binomial name | |
| Diploglena proxila Haddad, 2015 [1] | |
Diploglena proxila is a species of araneomorph spider in the family Caponiidae. [1]
Diploglena proxila has two eyes. The male holotype measures 5.75 mm (0.226 in) and the female paratype measures 7.50 mm (0.295 in). [2]
The species is endemic to the Western Cape of South Africa. [2]
Diploglena is a genus of African araneomorph spiders in the family Caponiidae, first described by William Frederick Purcell in 1904.
Diploglena capensis is a species of spiders in the family Caponiidae found in South Africa.
Caponiidae is a family of ecribellate haplogyne spiders that are unusual in a number of ways. They differ from other spiders in lacking book lungs and having the posterior median spinnerets anteriorly displaced to form a transverse row with the anterior lateral spinnerets. Most species have only two eyes, which is also unusual among spiders. A few species of Caponiidae variously have four, six or eight eyes. In some species the number of eyes will increase when the spiderling changes its skin as it grows towards adulthood.
Caponia, also called eight-eyed orange lungless spiders, is an Afrotropical genus of araneomorph spiders in the family Caponiidae, first described by Eugène Simon in 1887. As the common name implies, these spiders have a tightly arranged set of eight eyes, as opposed to the related two-eyed genus Diploglena, and breathe using two pairs of tracheae rather than book lungs. They are agile, nocturnal hunters, that hide by day in a variety of silk-lined retreats.
Laoponia is a genus of Southeast Asian araneomorph spiders in the family Caponiidae, first described by Norman I. Platnick & Peter Jäger in 2008. As of April 2019 it contains only two species.
Cembalea triloris is a species of jumping spider in the genus Cembalea that lives in Namibia and South Africa. It was first described in 2011 by Wanda Wesołowska and Charles Haddad. The spider gets its name from the existence of three distinctive white stripes on its back, more noticeable on the male. The spider is small, with a dark brown carapace that is between 2 and 2.3 mm long and a lighter sandy or yellowish-white abdomen that is between 2.4 and 2.6 mm long. It has a large eye field and a clypeus that extends to the edge of the carapace. It can also be distinguished from other members of the genus by the large spike that protrudes from the abdomen and the male's long embolus.
Nigorella hirsuta is a species of jumping spider in the genus Nigorella that lives in South Africa and Zimbabwe. It was first describedin 2009 by Wanda Wesołowska. The spider is medium-sized, with a carapace that is between 3.5 and 4.7 mm long and an abdomen that is between 3.2 and 6.6 mm long. The female is larger than the male. The carapace is generally dark brown and hairy. While the male abdomen is similarly hairy and dark brown, the female abdomen is more grey. The species has been confused with the related Nigorella plebeja. However, it can be generally identified by the strongly sclerotized cups in the female epigyne and the male's longer embolus.
Nigorella aethiopica is the type species of the genus Nigorella. A jumping spider that lives in Ethiopia and named in honour of the country in which it is found, it was first described in 2008 by Wanda Wesołowska and Beata Tomasiewicz. The spider is larger than others in the species with a cephalothorax that is between 4.1 and 4.8 mm long and an abdomen that is between 4.3 and 5.6 mm long. The carapace is generally brown and hairy, although the male is darker. While the male abdomen is marked by a light stripe on the topside and dots underneath, the female abdomen has a pattern of a light stripe and patches on the top and dark stripes on the bottom. As well as the larger size, there is a split at the end of the appendage on the pedipalp tibia that marks out the male, and the female has longer seminal ducts and thinner spermathecae than others in the genus.
Icius pulchellus is a species of jumping spider in the genus Icius that lives in South Africa. It was first described in 2011 by Charles Haddad and Wanda Wesołowska. Only the female has been described. The spider is small, with a carapace measuring between 2.0 and 2.5 mm long and an abdomen that is between 2.0 and 2.4 mm in length. It has a sickle-shaped embolus. The spider is similar to the related Icius minimus, but can be distinguished by the pattern of the abdomen, which includes a brown stripe down the middle, and its short fat tibial apophysis.
Pseudicius gracilis is a species of jumping spider in the genus Pseudicius that lives in South Africa. The spider was first defined in 2011 by Charles Haddad and Wanda Wesołowska. The spider is small, with an oval carapace between 1.9 and 2.2 mm long and an ovoid abdomen that measures between 2.7 and 3.0 mm long. The male and female are similar in size, shape and colouration. The carapace is dark brown with a black eye field and the abdomen is brown with a pattern of six patches that line the sides and two rounded spots to the back. It is almost indistinguishable from species in the genus Afraflacilla, particularly Afraflacilla elegans, Afraflacilla karinae and Afraflacilla zuluensis. It can be best differentiated by its copulatory organs, particularly the shape of the male tibial apo[apophyses, or appendages and the arrangement of pocket and openings on the female epigyne.
Pseudicius maculatus is a species of jumping spider in the genus Pseudicius that lives in Lesotho and South Africa. The spider was first defined in 2011 by Charles Haddad and Wanda Wesołowska. The spider is small, with a carapace and abdomen each that measure between 2.5 and 2.7 mm long. The carapace is chocolate-brown and covered in white hairs. The abdomen has a pattern of white patches which are more distinctive on the female. These give the species its name. It also has a characteristic longer and stouter foreleg. The species is similar to the related Pseudicius africanus, apart from the pattern on the abdomen. It also differs in its copulatory organs, particularly the sioting of the copulatory openings on the female epigyne and the shorter male embolus.
Pseudicius ridicularis is a species of jumping spider in the genus Pseudicius that lives in Ethiopia. The spider was first described in 2008 by Wanda Wesołowska and Beata Tomasiewicz. The spider is medium-sized, with a cephalothorax that is between 2.1 and 2.2 mm long and an abdomen that measures between 2.6 and 3.1 mm long. It has a dark brownish carapace, while the abdomen differs between the male, which has a yellowish-brown hue, and the female, which is marked by an indistinctive pattern of brown patches. It is the copulatory organs that most enable the spider to be distinguished. The male has a particularly large bent tibial apophysis and a short thick embolus. The female has longer spermathecae than others in the genus.
Afraflacilla altera is a species of jumping spider in the genus Afraflacilla that lives in South Africa and Zimbabwe. The spider was first defined in 2000 by Wanda Wesołowska and originally allocated to the genus Pseudicius. The spider is small, with an elongated carapace and abdomen that are between 1.6 and 17 mm and between 2.1 and 2.6 mm long respectively. The male and female are similar in size and shape, although the female is generally lighter. They have a similar pattern of three white dots on each side of the brown abdomen. The spider is superficially almost indistinguishable from other species in the genus, particularly Afraflacilla karinae and Afraflacilla venustula. It can be best differentiated by its copulatory organs, particularly the shape of the male tibial apophyses, or appendages, and the arrangement of pouches and openings on the female epigyne.
Icius nigricaudus is a species of jumping spider in the genus Icius that lives in South Africa. It was first described in 2009 by Wanda Wesołowska and Charles Haddad. The spider is small, with a carapace measuring between 1.3 and 1.4 mm long and an abdomen that is between 1.2 and 1.3 mm in length. The carapace is brown with a white stripe down the middle. The male has a distinctive pedipalp with a tegulum with a low posterior node, a straight embolus, and hooked ibial apophysis, or appendage. The female has a simple epigyne with long and narrow seminal ducts.
Pseudicius squamatus is a species of jumping spider in the genus Pseudicius that lives in South Africa. The spider was first defined in 2013 by Charles Haddad and Wanda Wesołowska. The spider is small, with a cephalothorax that is between 1.4 and 1.7 mm long and an abdomen that measures between 1.2 and 1.8 mm long. It has a dark brown carapace that has three narrow white stripes of hairs running down it and a pattern of a streak that terminates in a series of chevrons on the abdomen. It is the copulatory organs that most enable the spider to be distinguished. The female has a characteristic triangular depression in its epigyne. The male has a series of black scales on the side of the cymbium near to the tip of its embolus. The species is named in recognition of those scales.
Pseudicius dentatus is a species of jumping spider in the genus Pseudicius that is endemic to South Africa. The spider was first defined in 2013 by Wanda Wesołowska and Charles Haddad. The spider is small, with an oval carapace between 1.7 and 2.0 mm long and an abdomen between 1.7 and 2.9 mm long. The female is larger than the male. The abdomen has a pattern of white spots in pairs. The female has two pockets lining the sides of the epigastric furrow in the epigyne. The male has a broader embolus than the otherwise similar Psenuc dependens. It can also be distinguished by its serrated palpal bulb that is recalled in its species name, which can be translated toothed.
Asemonea amatola is a species of jumping spider in the genus Asemonea that is endemic to South Africa. It lives in trees in mountain ranges. The spider was first defined in 2013 by Wanda Wesołowska and Charles Haddad. The spider is small, with a white or whitish-yellow pear-shaped carapace between 2.0 and 2.6 mm long and an abdomen between 2.4 and 2.8 mm long that has a pattern of dark dots on an otherwise light surface. The copulatory organs are distinctive. The female has spines on its pedipalps and a large epigyne with two large shallow depressions. The male is larger than the female and has a distinctive pedipalp with a three-armed apophysis on the femur and three apophyses on the tibia.
Rhene timidus is a species of jumping spider in the genus Rhene that lives in South Africa. Only the female has been described, in 2013. The spider is typical of the genus, but larger than Rhene facilis, with a relatively large abdomen measuring 3.5 mm (0.14 in) in length. It has a distinctive epigyne featuring spiralling ridges.
Stenaelurillus guttiger is a species of jumping spider in the genus Stenaelurillus that is native to southern Africa. It was first described in 1901 by Eugène Simon based on examples found in South Africa, and subsequently also identified in Botswana, Mozambique and Zimbabwe. Initially allocated to the genus Aelurillus, the species was moved to its current genus in 1974. The spider is medium-sized, with a carapace that is between 2.0 and 2.75 mm long and an abdomen that is between 1.8 and 2.9 mm long. It is dark brown or brown, and has a pattern of white hairs on both the abdomen and carapace and a pattern of two stripes on the carapace. The abdomen has a white pattern of straight and V-shaped stripes and spots which varies between specimens. The colouring of the clypeus and legs can also range from yellow to dark brown depending on the particular example. It is distinguished from other species in the genus by the design of its sexual organs. The male has an embolus that is short and crab like. The female has a flat plate epigyne with widely separated copulatory openings and insemination ducts and a deep narrow pocket. Stenaelurillusguttiger feeds on termites, particularly Macrotermes and Odontotermes.