Dispersion Technology

Last updated
Dispersion Technology Inc
TypePrivate Incorporated
Industry Instrumentation
Founded1996 [1]
Headquarters Bedford Hills, New York [2]
Key people
Andrei Dukhin, CEO
Website www.dispersion.com

Dispersion Technology Inc is a scientific instrument manufacturer located in Bedford Hills, New York. [1] It was founded in 1996 by Philip Goetz (former Chairman, retired in 2010) and Dr. Andrei Dukhin (current CEO). [3] The company develops and sells analytical instruments intended for characterizing concentrated dispersions and emulsions, complying with the International Standards for acoustic particle sizing ISO 20998 [4] [5] and electroacoustic zeta potential measurement ISO 13099. [6]

Contents

Dispersion Technology manufactures a family of ultrasound-based instruments for measuring particle size, zeta potential, high frequency rheology, and solid content in concentrated systems without diluting them. [7]

Founders Dukhin and Goetz have written two books published by Elsevier describing the details of these methods, underlying theories, and applications of the instruments manufactured by Dispersion Technology. [8]

Co-Founder Dr. Andrei Dukhin and his father Dr. Stanislav Dukhin were the subject of a 2009 feature in the American Chemical Society documenting their research done in the former Soviet Union; their contributions to the fields of electrokinetics, colloid science, DLVO theory, etc.; and their immigration to the United States as a part of the Soviet Scientists Immigration Act of 1992. [3]

Dispersion Technology maintains seven patents in the United States, [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] and has representation in Japan, [15] Russia, [16] Europe, [17] Brazil, [18] South Korea, [19] China, [17] and Canada. [20]

Products

Research utilizing instrumentation

Scientific papers have been published using instruments manufactured by Dispersion Technology to study the following kinds of systems:

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Colloid</span> Mixture of an insoluble substance microscopically dispersed throughout another substance

A colloid is a mixture in which one substance consisting of microscopically dispersed insoluble particles is suspended throughout another substance. Some definitions specify that the particles must be dispersed in a liquid, while others extend the definition to include substances like aerosols and gels. The term colloidal suspension refers unambiguously to the overall mixture. A colloid has a dispersed phase and a continuous phase. The dispersed phase particles have a diameter of approximately 1 nanometre to 1 micrometre.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Electrophoresis</span> Motion of charged particles in electric field

Electrophoresis is the motion of dispersed particles relative to a fluid under the influence of a spatially uniform electric field. Electrophoresis of positively charged particles (cations) is sometimes called cataphoresis, while electrophoresis of negatively charged particles (anions) is sometimes called anaphoresis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Suspension (chemistry)</span> Heterogeneous mixture of solid particles dispersed in a medium

In chemistry, a suspension is a heterogeneous mixture of a fluid that contains solid particles sufficiently large for sedimentation. The particles may be visible to the naked eye, usually must be larger than one micrometer, and will eventually settle, although the mixture is only classified as a suspension when and while the particles have not settled out.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zeta potential</span> Electrokinetic potential in colloidal dispersions

Zeta potential is the electrical potential at the slipping plane. This plane is the interface which separates mobile fluid from fluid that remains attached to the surface.

A dispersion is a system in which distributed particles of one material are dispersed in a continuous phase of another material. The two phases may be in the same or different states of matter.

Electroacoustic phenomena arise when ultrasound propagates through a fluid containing ions. The associated particle motion generates electric signals because ions have electric charge. This coupling between ultrasound and electric field is called electroacoustic phenomena. The fluid might be a simple Newtonian liquid, or complex heterogeneous dispersion, emulsion or even a porous body. There are several different electroacoustic effects depending on the nature of the fluid.

The Dukhin number is a dimensionless quantity that characterizes the contribution of the surface conductivity to various electrokinetic and electroacoustic effects, as well as to electrical conductivity and permittivity of fluid heterogeneous systems. The number was named after Stanislav and Andrei Dukhin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Double layer (surface science)</span> Molecular interface between a surface and a fluid

In surface science, a double layer is a structure that appears on the surface of an object when it is exposed to a fluid. The object might be a solid particle, a gas bubble, a liquid droplet, or a porous body. The DL refers to two parallel layers of charge surrounding the object. The first layer, the surface charge, consists of ions which are adsorbed onto the object due to chemical interactions. The second layer is composed of ions attracted to the surface charge via the Coulomb force, electrically screening the first layer. This second layer is loosely associated with the object. It is made of free ions that move in the fluid under the influence of electric attraction and thermal motion rather than being firmly anchored. It is thus called the "diffuse layer".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Surface conductivity</span>

Surface conductivity is an additional conductivity of an electrolyte in the vicinity of the charged interfaces. Surface and volume conductivity of liquids correspond to the electrically driven motion of ions in an electric field. A layer of counter ions of the opposite polarity to the surface charge exists close to the interface. It is formed due to attraction of counter-ions by the surface charges. This layer of higher ionic concentration is a part of the interfacial double layer. The concentration of the ions in this layer is higher as compared to the ionic strength of the liquid bulk. This leads to the higher electric conductivity of this layer.

Electrokinetic phenomena are a family of several different effects that occur in heterogeneous fluids, or in porous bodies filled with fluid, or in a fast flow over a flat surface. The term heterogeneous here means a fluid containing particles. Particles can be solid, liquid or gas bubbles with sizes on the scale of a micrometer or nanometer. There is a common source of all these effects—the so-called interfacial 'double layer' of charges. Influence of an external force on the diffuse layer generates tangential motion of a fluid with respect to an adjacent charged surface. This force might be electric, pressure gradient, concentration gradient, or gravity. In addition, the moving phase might be either continuous fluid or dispersed phase.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Interface and colloid science</span> Branch of chemistry and physics

Interface and colloid science is an interdisciplinary intersection of branches of chemistry, physics, nanoscience and other fields dealing with colloids, heterogeneous systems consisting of a mechanical mixture of particles between 1 nm and 1000 nm dispersed in a continuous medium. A colloidal solution is a heterogeneous mixture in which the particle size of the substance is intermediate between a true solution and a suspension, i.e. between 1–1000 nm. Smoke from a fire is an example of a colloidal system in which tiny particles of solid float in air. Just like true solutions, colloidal particles are small and cannot be seen by the naked eye. They easily pass through filter paper. But colloidal particles are big enough to be blocked by parchment paper or animal membrane.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Colloid vibration current</span>

Colloid vibration current is an electroacoustic phenomenon that arises when ultrasound propagates through a fluid that contains ions and either solid particles or emulsion droplets.

Electric sonic amplitude or electroacoustic sonic amplitude is an electroacoustic phenomenon that is the reverse to colloid vibration current. It occurs in colloids, emulsions and other heterogeneous fluids under the influence of an oscillating electric field. This field moves particles relative to the liquid, which generates ultrasound.

The ion vibration current (IVI) and the associated ion vibration potential is an electric signal that arises when an acoustic wave propagates through a homogeneous fluid.

Sedimentation potential occurs when dispersed particles move under the influence of either gravity or centrifugation in a medium. This motion disrupts the equilibrium symmetry of the particle's double layer. While the particle moves, the ions in the electric double layer lag behind due to the liquid flow. This causes a slight displacement between the surface charge and the electric charge of the diffuse layer. As a result, the moving particle creates a dipole moment. The sum of all of the dipoles generates an electric field which is called sedimentation potential. It can be measured with an open electrical circuit, which is also called sedimentation current.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zeta potential titration</span>

Zeta potential titration is a titration of heterogeneous systems, for example colloids and emulsions. Solids in such systems have very high surface area. This type of titration is used to study the zeta potential of these surfaces under different conditions. Details of zeta potential definition and measuring techniques can be found in the International Standard.

Ultrasound attenuation spectroscopy is a method for characterizing properties of fluids and dispersed particles. It is also known as acoustic spectroscopy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Particle size</span> Notion for comparing dimensions of particles in different states of matter

Particle size is a notion introduced for comparing dimensions of solid particles, liquid particles (droplets), or gaseous particles (bubbles). The notion of particle size applies to particles in colloids, in ecology, in granular material, and to particles that form a granular material.

A dispersant or a dispersing agent is a substance, typically a surfactant, that is added to a suspension of solid or liquid particles in a liquid to improve the separation of the particles and to prevent their settling or clumping.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nanoconcrete</span>

Nanoconcrete is a form of concrete that contains Portland cement particles that are no greater than 100 μm and particles of silica no greater than 500 μm, which fill voids that would otherwise occur in normal concrete, thereby substantially increasing the material's strength. It is also a product of high-energy mixing (HEM) of conventional cement, sand and water which is a bottom-up approach of nano technology.

References

  1. 1 2 NYS Department of State Entity Information, Retrieved: 8 October 2013
  2. ↑ "Yellow book, Local businesses location, Address of Dispersion Technology". Yellowbook.com. Retrieved 2018-02-07.
  3. 1 2 Mukhopadhyay, Rajendrani (2009). "Electrokinetics: it's in their genes". Analytical Chemistry. 81 (11): 4166–4168. doi: 10.1021/ac9006683 . PMID   19408938.
  4. ↑ ISO 20998-1:2006 Measurement and characterization of particles by acoustic methods -- Part 1: Concepts and procedures in ultrasonic attenuation spectroscopy
  5. ↑ ISO 20998-1:2013 Measurement and characterization of particles by acoustic methods -- Part 2: Guidelines for linear theory
  6. ↑ ISO 13099-1:2012 Colloidal systems – Methods for zeta-potential determination – Part 1: Electroacoustic and electrokinetic phenomena
  7. ↑ "Dispersion Technology Homepage". Dispersion.com. 2013-06-01. Retrieved 2018-02-07.
  8. ↑ Characterization of Liquids, Nano- and Microparticulates, and Porous Bodies using Ultrasound, ELSEVIER, 2010, 2nd Edition, Retrieved: 8 October 2013
  9. ↑ patent USA, 6,109,098 (2000), Retrieved: 9 October 2013
  10. ↑ patent USA, 6,449,563 (2002), Retrieved: 9 October 2013
  11. ↑ patent USA, 6,910,367 B1 (2005), Retrieved: 9 October 2013
  12. ↑ patent USA, 6,487,894 B1 (2002), Retrieved: 9 October 2013
  13. ↑ patent USA, 6,915,214 B2 (2005), Retrieved: 9 October 2013
  14. ↑ patent USA, 6,858,147 B2 (2005), Retrieved: 9 October 2013
  15. ↑ "Nihon Rufuto". Nihon Rufuto. 1982-08-01. Retrieved 2018-02-07.
  16. ↑ "Rusnano". Rusnano. Retrieved 2018-02-07.
  17. 1 2 "Quantachrome UK". Quantachrome.co.uk. Retrieved 2018-02-07.
  18. ↑ "Acil Weber Brazil". Archive.is. 2013-10-11. Archived from the original on 2013-10-11. Retrieved 2018-02-07.
  19. ↑ "Young Jin Co., Ltd". Protechkorea.co.kr. Retrieved 2018-02-07.
  20. ↑ ATS Scientific Inc. "ATS Scientific Inc". Ats-scientific.com. Retrieved 2018-02-07.
  21. 1 2 Guerin, M. Seaman, J.C., Lehmann, C., and Jurgenson, A., Acoustic and electroacoustic characterization of variable charge mineral suspensions, Clays and Clay Minerals, vol. 52, 2, 158-170 (2004)
  22. 1 2 Richter, A., Voight, T., Rippeger, S., Ultrasonic attenuation spectroscopy of emulsions with droplet sizes greater than 10 microns, JCIS, 315, 482-492 (2007)
  23. 1 2 3 Bell, N., Cesarano, J., Voight, J.A., Lockwood, S.J. and Dimos D.B., Colloidal processing of chemically prepared zinc oxide varistors. Part 1. Milling and dispersion of powder, J. Mat. Res., 19, 5, 1333-1340 (2004)
  24. 1 2 Hackley, A.V., Lum, Lin-Sien, Ferraris, C.F., Acoustic sensing of Hydrating Cement Suspensions: An explanatory study Archived 2013-02-18 at the Wayback Machine , NIST Technical Note 1492, (2007)
  25. 1 2 3 Plank, J. and Hirch, C., Impact of zeta potential of early cement hydration phases on superplasticizer adsorption, Cement and Concrete Research, (2007)
  26. ↑ Plank, J. and Sachsenhauser, B., Impact of molecular structure on zeta potential and adsorbed conformation of a-allyl-w-methoxypolyethylene glycol-maleic anhydride superplasticizers, Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, 4, 2, 233-239 (2006)
  27. ↑ Dukhin, A.S., Goetz, P. J. and Thommes, M., Seismoelectric effect: A non-isochoric streaming current. Experiment, JCIS. 345, pp. 547-553 (2010)
  28. ↑ Gacek, M., Bergman, D., Michor, E., and Berg, J.C., Effect of trace water on charging of silica particles dispersed in a nonpolar medium, Langmuir, 28, pp. 11633-11638 (2012)
  29. 1 2 Kosmulski, M., Hartikainen, J., Maczka, E., Janus, W. and Rosenholm, J.B., Multiinstrument study of the electrophoretic mobility of fumed silica, Anal.Chem., 74, 253-256 (2002)
  30. ↑ Wilhelm, P., Stephan, D., On-line tracking of the coating of nanoscaled silica with titania nanoparticles via zeta-potential measurements, JCIS, 293, 88-92 (2006)
  31. ↑ Kosmulski, M., Dahlstem, P., Rosenholm, J.B., Electrokinetic studies of metal oxides in the presence of alkali trichloroacetates, trifluoroacetates, Colloids and Surfaces, 313, 202-206(2007)
  32. ↑ Gaydardzhiev, S. and Ay,P., Evaluation of dispersant efficiency for aqueous alumina slurries by concurrent techniques, Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 27, 413-417 (2006)
  33. ↑ Schoelkopf, J., Gantenbein, D., Dukhin, A.S., Goetz, P.J. and Gane, P.A.C., Novel particle size characterization of coating pigments, Conference Paper
  34. ↑ Ishikawa, Y., Aoki, N., and Ohshima, H., Characterization of latex particles for aqueous polymeric coating by electroacoustic method, Colloids and Surfaces B, 46, 147-151 (2005)
  35. ↑ Plank, J. and Gretz, M., Study on the interaction between anionic and cationic latex particles and Portland cement, Colloids and Surfaces, A., 330, pp. 227-233 (2008)
  36. ↑ Guerin, M. and Seaman, J.C., Characterizing clay mineral suspensions using acoustic and electroacoustic spectroscopy, Clays and Clay Minerals, 52, 2, 145-157 (2004)
  37. ↑ Ali, S. and Bandyopadhyay, R., Use of Ultrasound Attenuation Spectroscopy to Determine the Size Distribution of Clay Tactoids in Aqueous Suspensions, Langmuir, 29 (41), 12663–12669 (2013)
  38. ↑ Sun, Y.-P., Li, X., Cao, J., Zhang, W. and Wang.H.P., Characterization of zero-valent iron nanoparticles, Adv. in Colloid and Interface Sci., 120, 47-56 (2006)
  39. ↑ Bell, N. and Rodriguez, M.A., Dispersion properties of an alumina nanopowder using molecular, polyelectrolyte, and steric stabilization, Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 4, 3, 283-290 (2004)
  40. ↑ Wines, T.H., Dukhin A.S. and Somasundaran, P., Acoustic spectroscopy for characterizing heptane/water/AOT reverse microemulsion, JCIS, 216, 303-308 (1999)
  41. ↑ Magual, A., Horvath-Szabo G., Masliyah, J.H., Acoustic and electroacoustic spectroscopy of water-in-diluted bitumen emulsions, Langmuir, 21, 8649-8657 (2005)
  42. ↑ Dukhin, A.S. and Goetz, P.J., Evolution of water-in-oil emulsion controlled by droplet-bulk ion exchange: acoustic, electroacoustic, conductivity and image analysis, Colloids and Surfaces, A, 253, 51-64 (2005)
  43. ↑ Dukhin, A. S., Goetz, P.J. and Theo G.M. van de Ven, Ultrasonic characterization of proteins and blood cells, Colloids and Surfaces B, 52, 121-126 (2006)
  44. ↑ Bonacucina, G., Misici-Falzi, M., Cespi, M., Palmieri, G.F., Characterization of micellar systems by the use of Acoustic spectroscopy, Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 97, vol. 6, 2217–2227, (2008)
  45. ↑ Stenger, F., Mende, S., Schwedes, J., Peukert, W., Nanomilling in stirred media mills, Chemical Engineering Science, 60, 4557-4565 (2005)
  46. ↑ Mende, S., Stenger, F., Peukert, W. and Schwedes, J., Mechanical production and stabilization of submicron particles in stirred media mills, Powder Technology, 132, pp. 64-73 (2003)
  47. ↑ Orozco, V.H., Kozlovskya, V., Kharlampieva, Eu., Lopez, B.L. and Tsukruk, V.V., Biodegradable self-reporting nanocomposite films of poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles engineered by layer-by-layer assembly, Polymer, 51, 18, 4127–4139
  48. ↑ Dukhin, A.S., Parlia, S., Studying homogeneity and zeta potential of membranes using electroacoustics, Journal of Membrane Science, vol. 415-415, pp. 587-595 (2012)
  49. ↑ Bhosale P. S. and Berg, J. C., Acoustic spectroscopy of colloids dispersed in a polymer gel systems, Langmuir, 26 (18), pp. 14423-14426 (2010)
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