Disphyma crassifolium subsp. clavellatum | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Order: | Caryophyllales |
Family: | Aizoaceae |
Genus: | Disphyma |
Species: | |
Subspecies: | D. c. subsp. clavellatum |
Trinomial name | |
Disphyma crassifolium subsp. clavellatum |
Disphyma crassifolium subsp. clavellatum is the subspecies of Disphyma crassifolium (round-leaved pigface) that occurs in Australia and New Zealand. It is sometimes known by the common name rounded noon-flower [1]
Also called "karkalla" in the Australian native foods trade. However, this name originally only described Carpobrotus rossii and has been misapplied to D.crassifolium as a vegetable. [2]
It grows as a prostrate, succulent shrub or annual herb, from two to 30 centimetres high. Unlike the other pigfaces its leaves are round in cross-section. Flowers are pink, purple or violet. [3]
This subspecies was first published under the name Mesembryanthemum australe by Georg Forster in 1786, based on New Zealand material. Forster failed to give a description, however, so valid publication of the name falls to William Aiton, who published a description in 1789. [4] In 1803, Adrian Hardy Haworth published M. clavellatum based on plants raised at Kew from seeds collected in Australia. [5] In 1830, N. E. Brown transferred M. australe into Disphyma as D. australe. [6] In 1971 Robert Chinnock published a new species name, D. blackii, for some New Zealand material, [7] and five years later he transferred M. clavellatum to Disphyma. [8]
In the early 1980s, Hugh Francis Glen determined, on the basic of a multivariate analysis, that Disphyma was monotypic. All other names were therefore given synonymy with D. crassifolium. [9] This situation remained until 1986, when it was decided that the South African populations differed sufficiently from the Australian and New Zealand populations to merit distinct subspecies. D. crassifolium subsp. clavellatum was then erected to encompass the Australian and New Zealand populations, [10] with the autonym D. crassifolium subsp. crassifolium defined as encompassing the South African plants. [11]
Disphyma crassifolium is widely distributed in Australia and New Zealand. It grows in saline areas such as coastal dunes and samphire flats, and tolerates a range of soils including sand, loam and clay. [3]
The leaves have become a popular native vegetable in Australia marketed under the name "karkalla". It typically has a salty flavour and can be used fresh or as a pickled ingredient. [12]
Grevillea wickhamii is an erect shrub or small tree to 6 metres in height which is endemic to Western Australia, Northern Territory and Queensland. It has grey-green leaves which have a holly-like shape.
Conospermum acerosum, commonly known as needle-leaved smokebush, is a shrub endemic to Western Australia
Conospermum stoechadis, commonly known as common smokebush, is a shrub endemic to Western Australia.
Grevillea pilosa is a low growing shrub which is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It grows to between 0.4 and 1 metre in height and produce red or pink flowers between June and December in its native range.
Grevillea manglesii is a shrub which is endemic to an area around Perth in Western Australia. It usually grows to around 3 metres in height and 4 metres in width and produces white flowers throughout the year.
Carpobrotus virescens, commonly known as coastal pigface, is a prostrate coastal succulent shrub of the family Aizoaceae native to Western Australia. The Noongar peoples know the plant as Kolbogo or Metjarak.
Disphyma is a genus of flowering plants in the family Aizoaceae that are native to New Zealand, Australia and southern Africa. Plants in this genus are prostrate, annual or short-lived perennial shrubs with succulent leaves and daisy-like flowers arranged singly on the ends of shoots with petal-like staminodes, many stamens and usually five styles.
Disphyma crassifolium, commonly known as round-leaved pigface, is a species of flowering plant in the family Aizoaceae and is native to the Australia and the Cape Provinces of South Africa. It is a prostrate, succulent annual shrub or short-lived Perennial plant with stems up to 2 m long, leaves that are three-sided in cross-section with a rounded lower angle, and purple daisy-like flowers with staminodes up to 30 mm (1.2 in) long.
Atriplex paludosa subsp. baudinii is subspecies of Atriplex paludosa that is endemic to Western Australia.
Atriplex vesicaria, commonly known as bladder saltbush, is a species of saltbush endemic to Australia.
Banksia laevigata subsp. fuscolutea is a subspecies of Banksia laevigata. It is native to the Southwest Botanical Province of Western Australia.
Banksia meisneri subsp. ascendens, commonly known as Scott River banksia, is a subspecies of Banksia meisneri. It is native to the Southwest Botanical Province of Western Australia.
Banksia prolata subsp. calcicola is a subspecies of Banksia prolata. It was known as Dryandra longifolia subsp. calcicola until 2007, when Austin Mast and Kevin Thiele sunk all Dryandra into Banksia. Since the name Banksia longifolia had already been used, Mast and Thiele had to choose a new specific epithet for D. longifolia and hence for this subspecies of it. As with other members of Banksia ser. Dryandra, it is endemic to the South West Botanical Province of Western Australia.
Grevillea didymobotrya is a shrub in the family Proteaceae. It is endemic to south-western Western Australia.
Nicotiana occidentalis, commonly known as native tobacco, is a short-lived herb native to Australia.
Nicotiana occidentalis subsp. hesperis is a short-lived herb native to Australia.
Adenanthos pungens, the spiky adenanthos, is a species of shrub in the family Proteaceae. It is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia.
Grevillea ramosissima, commonly known as fan grevillea, is a shrub species of the family Proteaceae. It is native to south-eastern Australia.
Eremophila hughesii is a flowering plant in the figwort family, Scrophulariaceae and is endemic to Australia. It is spindly, glabrous shrub with narrow leaves and with flowers that vary in colour from blue to pink, sometimes white. It is native to Western Australia and the Northern Territory.
Disphyma australe is a species of flowering plant in the family Aizoaceae and is endemic to New Zealand. It is a prostrate, succulent annual shrub or short-lived perennial plant with stems up to 2 m long, leaves that are three-sided in cross-section with a rounded lower angle, and white to deep pink daisy-like flowers with staminodes up to 30 mm (1.2 in) long.