Doridoidea

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Doridoidea
Doris odhneri.jpg
Doris odhneri
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Nudibranchia
Suborder: Doridina
Infraorder: Doridoidei
Superfamily: Doridoidea
Rafinesque, 1815
Families

See text.

Synonyms [1]
  • Cryptobranchia
  • Eudoridoidea
  • Labiostomata

Doridoidea, commonly known as dorid nudibranchs (and previously known as the taxon Cryptobranchia), are a taxonomic superfamily of medium to large, shell-less sea slugs, marine gastropod mollusks in the clade Doridacea, included in the clade Nudibranchia.

Contents

Etymology

The word "Doridoidea" comes from the generic name Doris, which was in turn copied from the name of the sea nymph, Doris, in Greek mythology.

Families

Peltodoris nobilis from Yaquina Bay False Sea Lemon Yaquina.jpg
Peltodoris nobilis from Yaquina Bay

According to the Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005), families within the superfamily Doridoidea include:

Changes later than 2005

The family Cadlinidae Bergh, 1891 was considered a synonym of the Chromodorididae. Research by R.F. Johnson in 2011 [2] has shown that Cadlina does not belong to the family Chromodorididae. She has therefore brought back the name Cadlinidae from synonymy with Chromodorididae. The chromodorid nudibranchs without Cadlina are now monophyletic and turn out to be a possible sister to the Actinocyclidae

Currently recognized families

Synonyms

Mating pair of cryptobranchs (Diaulula sandiegensis) Diaulula sandiegensis mating.jpg
Mating pair of cryptobranchs ( Diaulula sandiegensis )

The next families are considered synonyms. But these names can still be found in many publications and on the internet.

Cryptobranch dorid nudibranchs

Cryptobranch dorid nudibranchs (previously known as the taxon Cryptobranchia), are nudibranch sea slugs within the clade Doridacea. These slugs are called "cryptobranch," meaning "hidden gill", because they are able to retract their gills into a gill pocket, in contrast to nudibranchs in the traditional group phanerobranchs (or Phanerobranchia), which taxon is probably paraphyletic (in other words, composed of more than one evolutionary lineage). [3]

A. Valdés distinguishes two major clades within the Cryptobranchia: the dorids that have no radula (the Porostomata); and those with a radula (the Labiostomata). The Labiostomata include the monophyletic families: Actinocyclidae, Chromodorididae, Dorididae and Discodorididae. [4]

The cryptobranchs include the following genera that are regarded as valid:

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dorididae</span> Family of gastropods

Sea lemon is a loosely applied common name for a group of medium-sized to large shell-less colorful sea slugs or nudibranchs, specifically dorid nudibranchs in the taxonomic family Dorididae and other closely related families. These are marine gastropod mollusks.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chromodorididae</span> Family of gastropods

Chromodorididae, or chromodorids, are a taxonomic family of colourful sea slugs; dorid nudibranchs, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Doridoidea. “Chromodorid nudibranchs are among the most gorgeously coloured of all animals.” The over 360 described species are primarily found in tropical and subtropical waters, as members of coral reef communities, specifically associated with their sponge prey. The chromodorids are the most speciose family of opisthobranchs. They range in size from <10mm to over 30 cm, although most species are approximately 15–30 mm in size.

<i>Aldisa</i> Genus of gastropods

Aldisa is a genus of sea slugs, dorid nudibranchs, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Cadlinidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Phyllidiidae</span> Family of gastropods

Phyllidiidae is a family of sea slugs, dorid nudibranchs, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Phyllidioidea.

<i>Cadlina</i> Genus of gastropods

Cadlina is a genus of sea slugs, dorid nudibranchs, shell-less marine gastropod mollusks historically classified in the family Chromodorididae. Recent research by R.F. Johnson in 2011 has shown that Cadlina does not belong to the family Chromodorididae. She has therefore brought back the name Cadlinidae from synonymy with Chromodorididae. The family Cadlinidae also includes the genus AldisaBergh, 1878.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Doridacea</span> Clade of gastropods

Doridacea is a taxonomic grouping of dorid nudibranchs, shell-less marine gastropod mollusks. included in the clade Euctenidiacea of the clade Nudibranchia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Discodorididae</span> Family of gastropods

Discodorididae is a taxonomic family of sea slugs, specifically dorid nudibranchs, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Doridoidea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Doridina</span> Suborder of gastropods

The Doridina, common name dorid nudibranchs, are a taxonomic suborder of sea snails or slugs, marine gastropod molluscs in the order Nudibranchia. Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) rejected the name Anthobranchia on the grounds that it also included Onchidium at the time of original publication. Doridina is equivalent and used in the latest classification.

<i>Diaulula</i> Genus of gastropods

Diaulula is a genus of sea slugs, dorid nudibranchs, shell-less marine gastropod molluscs in the family Discodorididae.

<i>Peltodoris</i> Genus of gastropods

Peltodoris is a genus of sea slugs, dorid nudibranchs, shell-less marine gastropod molluscs in the family Discodorididae.

Otinodoris is a genus of sea slugs, dorid nudibranchs, shell-less marine gastropod mollusks previously placed in the family Chromodorididae. It is now considered a synonym of Asteronotus Ehrenberg, 1831 and placed in the family Discodorididae

Asteronotus is a genus of sea slugs, dorid nudibranchs, shell-less marine gastropod molluscs in the family Discodorididae.

<i>Baptodoris</i> Genus of gastropods

Baptodoris is a genus of sea slugs, dorid nudibranchs, shell-less marine gastropod mollusks in the family Discodorididae.

<i>Carminodoris</i> Genus of gastropods

Carminodoris is a genus of sea slugs, dorid nudibranchs, shell-less marine gastropod mollusks in the family Discodorididae.

<i>Hoplodoris</i> Genus of gastropods

Hoplodoris is a genus of sea slugs, dorid nudibranchs, shell-less marine gastropod molluscs in the family Discodorididae.

<i>Platydoris</i> Genus of gastropods

Platydoris is a genus of sea slugs, dorid nudibranchs, shell-less marine gastropod mollusks in the family Discodorididae. These nudibranchs are large and often brightly coloured, but normally live concealed beneath rocks or loose coral, feeding on sponges. During the night they become more active, searching for new food sources or mates. Many species were described in the 19th century and a revision in 2002 added six new species.

<i>Thordisa</i> Genus of gastropods

Thordisa is a genus of sea slugs, dorid nudibranchs, shell-less marine gastropod mollusks in the family Discodorididae.

<i>Gargamella</i> Genus of gastropods

Gargamella is a genus of sea slugs, dorid nudibranchs, shell-less marine gastropod molluscs in the family Discodorididae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cadlinidae</span> Family of gastropods

Cadlinidae is a family of sea slugs, dorid nudibranchs, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Doridoidea.

<i>Paradoris mollis</i> Species of gastropod

Paradoris mollis is a species of sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, shell-less marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusks in the family Discodorididae.

References

  1. Bouchet P. & Rocroi J.-P. (Ed.); Frýda J., Hausdorf B., Ponder W., Valdes A. & Warén A. 2005. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia: International Journal of Malacology, 47(1-2). ConchBooks: Hackenheim, Germany. ISBN   3-925919-72-4. ISSN   0076-2997. 397 pp. http://www.vliz.be/Vmdcdata/imis2/ref.php?refid=78278
  2. Johnson R.F. (2011) Breaking family ties: taxon sampling and molecular phylogeny of chromodorid nudibranchs (Mollusca, Gastropoda). Zoologica Scripta 40(2): 137-157
  3. Valdés, Angel (2002). "A phylogenetic analysis and systematic revision of the cryptobranch dorids (Mollusca, Nudibranchia, Anthobranchia)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 136 (4). London: The Linnean Society of London: 535–536. doi: 10.1046/j.1096-3642.2002.00039.x .
  4. Valdés, A. (2002). "A phylogenetic analysis and systematic revision of the cryptobranch dorids (Mollusca, Nudibranchia, Anthobranchia)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 136 (4). Blackwell Publishing: 535–536. doi: 10.1046/j.1096-3642.2002.00039.x .