Dârjiu

Dârjiu Székelyderzs
Commune
13th Century UNESCO World Heritage fortified Unitarian Church, and some geese
Location in Harghita County
Dârjiu Location in Romania
Coordinates: 46°12′N25°12′E / 46.200°N 25.200°E / 46.200; 25.200
Country	Romania
County	Harghita
Government
• Mayor (2020–2024)	Adrián István [1] (UDMR)
Area	41.96 km2 (16.20 sq mi)
Elevation	555 m (1,821 ft)
Population  (2021-12-01) [2]	851
• Density	20/km2 (53/sq mi)
Time zone	EET/EEST (UTC+2/+3)
Postal code	537075
Area code	(+40) 0266
Vehicle reg.	HR
Website	szekelyderzs.com

Dârjiu (Hungarian : Székelyderzs, Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈseːkɛjdɛrʒ] ) is a commune in Harghita County, Romania. It lies in the Székely Land, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania. ^[3] The commune is composed of two villages, Dârjiu (Székelyderzs) and Mujna (Székelymuzsna), both of which are on the route of the Via Transilvanica long-distance trail. ^[4]

Name

The Hungarian name Székelyderzs was first mentioned as "De ers" in a papal list of tithes taken in 1334. In 1525, it was recorded as Ders, while in 1760, it was already mentioned by its modern Hungarian name of Székely Derzs. The name Derzs is thought to be from the Old Bulgar. ^[5]

Demographics

At the 2011 census, the commune had a population of 1,036, of which 91.51% were Hungarians, 5.69% Roma, and 1.35% Romanians; ^[6] 60.62% of the inhabitants were Unitarian, 20.46% Reformed, 7.34% Roman Catholic, 3.96% Baptists, and 1.83% Romanian Orthodox. ^[7] At the 2021 census, Dârjiu had a population of 851; of those, 92.6% were Hungarians and 1.41% Romanians. ^[8]

History

Unitariansm was an official religion in Transylvania from the 1583 Medgyes (Mediaş) parliament. The first bishop was Ferenc Dávid, a local Hungarian-speaking Saxon. The first appointed ruler of Transylvania was the Unitarian John II Sigismund Zápolya, ^[9] son of the Hungarian king John Zápolya (1526–1541).

The villages were historically part of the Székely Land region of Transylvania province. They belonged to Udvarhelyszék district until the administrative reform of Transylvania in 1876, when they fell within the Udvarhely County in the Kingdom of Hungary. After the Hungarian–Romanian War of 1919 and the Treaty of Trianon of 1920, they became part of the Kingdom of Romania and fell within plasa Odorhei of Odorhei County during the interwar period. In 1940, the second Vienna Award granted the Northern Transylvania to Hungary and the villages were held by Hungary until September 1944, when Romanian and Soviet troops regained control during World War II. After a brief Soviet occupation, the Romanian administration returned in March 1945. Between 1952 and 1960, the commune fell within the Magyar Autonomous Region, between 1960 and 1968 the Mureș-Magyar Autonomous Region. In 1968, the region was abolished, and since then, the commune has been part of Harghita County.

Heartland of Unitarianism

Between 80,000 and 100,000 Unitarians live in the geographical region of Transylvania, mostly between Sighișoara and Odorheiu Secuiesc, more or less around Dârjiu. Further east, Hungarians are Roman Catholics with Calvinist enclaves, e.g., in the former Háromszék County, while the former Csík County is solidly Roman Catholic.

Fortified church; mural art in the region

The Unitarian Church

The village is home to the Dârjiu fortified church, a 13th-century fortified Unitarian Church, which is on UNESCO's World Heritage List

The murals of the Unitarian church show the legend of Ladislaus I of Hungary. When the Cumans broke into Kingdom of Hungary, Ladislaus, still a Duke, along with his cousin (King Salamon (Solomon) I) rode against them and freed from a Cuman a girl believed to be daughter of an aristocrat. Unfortunately enough, the girl did not support this act of the future saint.

Further murals in the region are to be found at Unitarian churches in Mugeni, Crăciunel (Karácsonyfalva; part of Ocland commune), and smaller ones in Rugănești (Rugonfalva; part of Șimonești commune) and Cristuru Secuiesc (Székelykeresztúr). The most significant murals in Saxon churches are those of Mălâncrav (German: Malmkrog, Hungarian: Szászszentlászló; part of Laslea commune).

Twinning

Darány, Hungary

The local Unitarian community has relationship with the Unitarian Universalist Church in Cherry Hill, New Jersey, USA.

See also

• List of castles in Romania
• Tourism in Romania
• Villages with fortified churches in Transylvania

Old Transylvanian churches with murals

• Ghelința, St. Emeric Church: 13th-century murals
• Laslea, Mălâncrav church: early 14th- and 15th-century murals
• Church on the Hill (Sighișoara), 14th-16th century murals

External links

• The Unitarian fortified church (in English)

Gallery

• 
  Unitarian church
• 
  Façade of the Unitarian church
• 
  Murals on the St. Ladislaus legend
• 
  Murals on the St. Ladislaus legend
• 
  Fight of Ladislaus with the Cuman
• 
  Death of the Cuman warrior
• 
  The village on the Josephinische Landaufnahme, 1769-1773

References

1. "Results of the 2020 local elections". Central Electoral Bureau. Retrieved 8 June 2021.
2. "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
3. "Darjiu Fortified Church - Castles and Fortresses in Transylvania, Romania. Romania UNESCO World Heritage Sites". romaniatourism.com. Retrieved 2019-06-17.
4. "Terra Siculorum | Via Transilvanica". www.viatransilvanica.com (in Romanian). Retrieved 2023-08-14.
5. János András Vistai. "Tekintő – Erdélyi Helynévkönyv".{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |url= (help) Transylvanian Toponym Book Archived 2011-07-10 at the Wayback Machine
6. Tab8. Populația stabilă după etnie – județe, municipii, orașe, comune, 2011 census results, Institutul Național de Statistică, accessed 20 February 2020.
7. Tab13. Populația stabilă după religie – județe, municipii, orașe, comune, 2011 census results, Institutul Național de Statistică, accessed 20 February 2020.
8. "Populația rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (in Romanian). INSSE. 31 May 2023.
9. Queen Isabella and King John Archived 2012-09-09 at archive.today