The red garra, also known as the doctor fish or nibble fish, is a species of cyprinid that is native to a wide range of freshwater habitats in subtropical parts of Western Asia. This small fish typically is up to about 14 centimeters in total length, but locally individuals can reach as much as 24 cm (9.5 in).
Alburnoides is a genus of cyprinid fishes native to Europe and Asia. Many species are known as riffle minnows or spirlins.
Caecocypris basimi, the Haditha cavefish, is a species of cyprinid fish endemic to Iraq, only occurring in aquifers near Haditha. It is found in an underground sinkhole directly under a shrine the only way to access which is a well 5m below the shrine. This cavefish is the only member of its genus. The species is classed as Critically endangered, possibly extinct, by the IUCN, as there have been no records since 1983 despite a comprehensive survey in 2012. The primary threat is water extraction, which has lowered the groundwater level. It is placed as one of the top 10 lost freshwater fishes to be found.
Capoeta, also known as scrapers, is a genus of fish in the family Cyprinidae found in Western Asia. The distribution extends from Turkey to the Levant, to Transcaucasia, Iraq, Turkmenistan, in Armenia, particularly in lake Sevan and northern Afghanistan. This genus is most closely related to Luciobarbus and in itself is divided into three morphologically, biogeographically and genetically distinct groups or clades: the Mesopotamian clade, the Anatolian-Iranian clade and the Aralo-Caspian clade.
Cobitis is a genus of small freshwater fish in the family Cobitidae from temperate and subtropical Eurasia. It contains the "typical spiny loaches", including the well-known spined loach of Europe. Similar spiny loaches, occurring generally south of the range of Cobitis, are nowadays separated in Sabanejewia.
Garra is a genus of fish in the family Cyprinidae. These fish are one example of the "log suckers", sucker-mouthed barbs and other cyprinids commonly kept in aquaria to keep down algae. The doctor fish of Anatolia and the Middle East belongs in this genus. The majority of the more than 160 species of garras are native to Asia, but about one-fifth of the species are from Africa.
Garra typhlops, also known as the Iran cave barb is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to caves in Iran. Like other cave-adapted fish, it is blind and lacks pigmentation.
Typhlogarra widdowsoni or Garra widdowsoni, the Iraq blind barb or Haditha cave garra, is a species of cyprinid fish endemic to underground water systems near Haditha in Iraq. Although traditionally placed in its own genus Typhlogarra, this is not supported by genetic evidence, leading to its move to Garra. This cavefish is considered critically endangered because of water extraction, which has lowered the groundwater level. Once abundant, a survey in 2012 found that it now was very rare. Another species from the same place, Caecocypris basimi, may already be extinct. The only other known cavefish in Iraq is Eidinemacheilus proudlovei.
Cavefish or cave fish is a generic term for fresh and brackish water fish adapted to life in caves and other underground habitats. Related terms are subterranean fish, troglomorphic fish, troglobitic fish, stygobitic fish, phreatic fish, and hypogean fish.
Oxynoemacheilus is a genus of fish in the family Nemacheilidae found in Europe and Western Asia.
Paracobitis is a genus of Asian stone loaches.
Paraschistura is a genus of stone loaches most of which occur in Central, South and Western Asia.
Eidinemacheilus is a genus of troglobitic fish in the family Nemacheilidae endemic to Iran and Iraqi Kurdistan.
Oxynoemacheilus parvinae is a species of stone loach which is endemic to the drainage of the Sirvan River, a tributary of the Tigris in Kermanshah Province of Iran where it prefers reasonable fast flowing, relatively clear water of a gravel substrate. it has not been evaluated for The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species but it may be threatened by drought, water abstraction and pollution. The specific name honours Parvin Etesami, a famous Iranian poet of the 20th-century.
Garra tashanensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Garra. This cavefish is endemic to the Tashan Cave located in the Tashan region of Khuzestan Province, Iran.
Garra lorestanensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Garra Known from the Loven Cave, the natural outlet of a subterranean limestone system of the Zagros Mountains in the Ab-e Sirum or Ab-e Serum Valley near Tang-e Haft railway station, the Tigris River drainage, the Persian Gulf Basin, Lorestan Province, southwestern Iran.
Yang Jun-Xing is a Chinese herpetologist and ichthyologist with the Kunming Institute of Zoology. As of 2018, Yang authored 9 species of fish and amphibians.
Capoeta pyragyi is a species of cyprinid in the genus Capoeta. It lives in the Tireh and Sezar rivers of Iran, and it is named after Turkmen poet and spiritual leader Magtymguly Pyragy.
Paracobitis atrakensis is a species of stone loach, found in the Atrek and Bidvaz rivers drainage areas in northeastern Iran. This species reaches a length of 5 cm (2.0 in).
Paracobitis hircanica, the Hircan crested loach is a species of stone loach is found in tributaries of the Gorgan River, Iran. This species reaches a length of 10.5 cm (4.1 in).
