| Elaeocarpus blascoi | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Oxalidales |
| Family: | Elaeocarpaceae |
| Genus: | Elaeocarpus |
| Species: | E. blascoi |
| Binomial name | |
| Elaeocarpus blascoi Weibel | |
Elaeocarpus blascoi is a species of flowering plant in the Elaeocarpaceae family. It is endemic to the Western Ghats of southern India, It is threatened by habitat loss and is Critically Endangered. [1]
Elaeocarpus blascoi is a medium-sized, slow-growing evergreen tree. Young trees have dense foliage, while mature trees develop a buttressed trunk and spreading crown up to 20 metres high. The plants have a low fruit-set (50-78%), and many immature fruits drop prematurely. Mature fruits detach from their stalks in June and July. Seeds are stony and often dormant for 6 to 18 months. They have a low germination rate (5%) and most seeds lose their viability after a year. [1]
This tree is known only from Vattakanal Shola in the Palani Hills, at Kodaikanal in the Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu state at 2,200 metres elevation. Only two mature wild specimens are known. One is a four-stemmed buttressed tree growing along a seasonal stream channel at the edge of the shola forest overlooking grassland. Associated trees include Elaeocarpus variabilis, Elaeocarpus recurvatus, Elaeocarpus munroi, Syzigium densiflorum, Gomphandra coriacea , and Lasianthus sp. [1]
The species is threatened with habitat loss from logging and expansion of agriculture. No natural regeneration has been observed. [1]
Sholas are the local name for patches of stunted tropical montane forest found in valleys amid rolling grassland in the higher montane regions of South India, largely in Kerala, Karnataka and Tamilnadu. These patches of shola forest are found mainly in the valleys and are usually separated from one another by undulating montane grassland. The shola and grassland together form the shola-grassland complex or mosaic. Not all such high-elevation grasslands have sholas in their valleys, especially if they are isolated from other such meadows, such as the meadows found in the Idamalayar Reserve Forest in Ernakulam district of Kerala. The word 'Shola' is probably derived from the Tamil language word cõlai (சோலை) meaning grove.
The term Malabar rainforests refers to one or more distinct ecoregions recognized by biogeographers:
The Nilgiri marten is the only marten species native to southern India. It lives in the hills of the Nilgiris and parts of the Western Ghats. With only around a thousand members left it is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List.
The brown palm civet, also called the Jerdon's palm civet, is a viverrid endemic to the Western Ghats of India.
Elaeocarpus munroi is a species of flowering plant in the Elaeocarpaceae family. It is endemic to the Western Ghats of southern India, in the states of Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, and Karnataka. It grows in montane evergreen rain forest and shola forest from 600 to 2,000 metres elevation.
Elaeocarpus recurvatus is a species of flowering plant in the Elaeocarpaceae family. It is found only in the Anamalai and Nilgiri Hills in the Western Ghats of southern India. It grows in montane evergreen rain forest and shola forest above 1,800 metres elevation. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Elaeocarpus venustus is a species of flowering plant in the Elaeocarpaceae family. It is found only in the Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu state in southern India. It is Critically Endangered, and threatened by habitat loss.
Astrocaryum alatum is a species of palm with edible nuts, a flowering plant in the family Arecaceae. It is a common species found many types of rainforests and swamps in Honduras, Costa Rica, Nicaragua and Panama.
Actinodaphne lawsonii is a species of plant in the family Lauraceae. It is endemic to the Western Ghats of southern India. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Palaquium ravii is a species of tree in the family Sapotaceae. It is endemic to the Western Ghats mountains and native to Kerala and Tamil Nadu in India.
Phyllanthus anamalayanus is a species of plant in the family Phyllanthaceae. It is endemic to the Anamalai Hills in Coimbatore district in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. The species is a shrub or small tree occurring in the understorey of mid-elevation tropical wet evergreen forests in the Anamalai Hills, and is endemic to the Western Ghats. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Syzygium densiflorum is a species of evergreen tree in the family Myrtaceae. It is endemic to the Western Ghats mountains, India. The species is categorised as Vulnerable in the IUCN Red List.
Vateria indica, the white dammar, is a species of tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is endemic to the Western Ghats mountains in India. It is threatened by habitat loss. It is a large canopy or emergent tree frequent in tropical wet evergreen forests of the low and mid-elevations.
Elaeocarpus angustifolius is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and occurs from India to New Caledonia and northern Australia. Common synonyms are E. ganitrus and E. sphaericus. It is a large evergreen tree, often with buttress roots, and has leaves with wavy serrations, creamy white flowers and more or less spherical bright blue drupe fruit. In English, the tree is known as utrasum bean tree in India. In Sri Lanka recorded names are woodenbegar and Indian bead tree. It is simply known as elaeocarpus in the Northern Territory of Australia. Other names used for this tree in Australia are Indian oil fruit and genitri. In Hawaii it is known as a blue marble tree.
Elaeocarpus bancroftii, commonly known as Kuranda quandong, Johnstone River almond, ebony heart, grey nut, or nut tree is a large rainforest tree in the family Elaeocarpaceae which is endemic to Queensland. It has coriaceous leaves, attractive white flowers and relatively large fruit containing an edible kernel.
Ilex mitis is a tall, dense, evergreen tree that is indigenous to Sub-Saharan Africa and Madagascar. It makes an excellent fast-growing hedge for gardens - growing tall, straight and dense.
Dipterocarpus bourdillonii is a species of large tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae endemic to the Western Ghats principally in the state of Kerala in India. It is a Critically Endangered species according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. It is a characteristic tree of the low-elevation tropical wet evergreen rainforests in the Western Ghats.
Cullenia exarillata is a flowering plant evergreen tree species in the family Malvaceae endemic to the rainforests of the southern Western Ghats in India. It is one of the characteristic trees of the mid-elevation tropical wet evergreen rainforests and an important food plant for the endemic primate, the lion-tailed macaque.
Actinodaphne bourdillonii is a species of the genus Actinodaphne of the flowering plant family Lauraceae, commonly called the malavirinji, eeyoli, and pisa. It is endemic to the Southern Western Ghats. Its general habitat is shola and montane evergreen forests from 600 to 2,000 metres elevation.
Protea pudens, also known as the bashful sugarbush, is a low-growing, groundcover-like, flowering shrub in the genus Protea. It is only found growing in the wild in a small area in the Western Cape province of South Africa.
