Ellen Ketterson | |
---|---|
Known for | Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, Ornithology |
Awards | American Ornithological Society Elliott Couse Award, 1996 Wilson Ornithological Society Margaret Morse Nice Medal, 1998 Contents
Guggenheim Fellowship, 2004 Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2009 Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 2014 Distinguished Animal Behaviorist Award, Animal Behavior Society, 2018 |
Scientific career | |
Institutions | Indiana University |
Ellen D. Ketterson is an American evolutionary biologist, behavioral ecologist, neuroendocrinologist and ornithologist best known for her experimental approach to the study of life-history trade-offs in a songbird, the Dark-eyed Junco. She is currently a Distinguished Professor of Biology, Director of the Environmental Resilience Institute, and affiliate professor in Cognitive Science, Gender Studies, Integrative Study of Animal Behavior, and Neuroscience at Indiana University.
Ketterson obtained all of her degrees from Indiana University Bloomington. [1] [2] [3] She earned an A.B. in 1966 and an M.A. in 1968, both in Botany. [1] [2] She received her Ph.D. in 1974 in Zoology. [1] [2]
After receiving her doctoral degree, Ketterson was a postdoctoral scholar from 1974 to 1975 at Washington State University working with avian environmental physiologist James R. King. [1] She was an assistant professor at Bowling Green State University from 1975 to 1977 before joining the faculty in the Department of Biology at Indiana University in 1977. [1] Ketterson was appointed as a Distinguished Professor of Biology at Indiana University in 2006. [1] She was also appointed as an affiliated faculty member of the Gender Studies department in 2003 and as a program faculty member of the Cognitive Science department in 2006 at Indiana University. [1]
Ketterson co-founded the Center for the Integrative Study of Animal Behavior at Indiana University and served as the co-director from 1990 to 2002. [1] [2] Ketterson has been a senior research fellow at the Kinsey Institute for Research on Sex, Gender, and Reproduction at Indiana University since 2007. [1] [2] Since 2017, Ketterson has served as the director of the Environmental Resilience Institute at Indiana University, which aims to predict impacts of environmental change and develop solutions to prepare Indiana businesses, farmers, communities and individuals for those impacts. [4] [5]
In 2004, Ketterson received a Guggenheim fellowship to study plumage variation in junco species across North and Central America. [1] [2] Ketterson served as the president of the American Society of Naturalists in 2015. [1] [6] She has also won several major awards recognizing her career achievements in ornithology, including the American Ornithological Society Elliott Couse Award (1996), Wilson Ornithological Society Margaret Morse Nice Medal (awarded jointly with Val Nolan, Jr. in 1998), and the Alden Miller Award from the Cooper Ornithological Society (2014). [1] She is also a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). [1]
Ketterson and her trainees, with her longtime collaborator and partner Val Nolan, Jr., have conducted long-term field studies combined with experimental manipulation of free-living dark-eyed juncos at the Mountain Lake Biological Station in Virginia since the 1970s. [7] [8] [9] Early in her career, Ketterson focused on differential migration, a pattern of movement in which females migrate farther than males. [10] [11]
Ketterson developed the experimental approach of manipulating levels of the hormone testosterone in free-living birds and comparing behavior, physiology, and fitness to controls in order to study the evolution of life history trade-offs. [12] [13] [14] She coined the term ‘phenotypic engineering’ to describe this approach. [12] [14] Ketterson's research showed that experimentally-elevated levels of testosterone increased male aggression, reduced parental care, and increased singing in males. [13] In addition, males given exogenous testosterone were preferred by females in mate choice tests. [15] They also exhibited higher reproductive success as a result of extra-pair fertilizations despite lower success of broods that they parent. [16] However, she also found that testosterone-treated males had shorter life spans [13] and reduced immune system function. [17] Her research has provided a mechanistic understanding of the fitness consequences of how animals allocate time and energy to competing demands (i.e. reproduction versus survival).
Later, her work explored whether hormones, which affect multiple target tissues simultaneously and mediate coordinated suites of traits, either constrain or potentiate adaptation. [18] [19] This work foreshadowed her interest in addressing limits to organisms' ability to respond to environmental change and the role of hormonally-mediated seasonal timing of behaviors (like reproduction, molt, and migration) in the generation and loss of biodiversity. As the director of the Environmental Resilience Institute, she leads a team of Indiana University researchers to prepare the Hoosier state for the effects of on-going environmental change. [20]
The Ketterson research group currently conducts field research at a number of sites throughout the range of junco species, including in Indiana at Kent Farm on the Indiana University Research and Teaching Preserve, [21] [22] in the Appalachian Mountains in Virginia at the Mountain Lakes Biological Station, [8] [9] in California on the University of California, San Diego campus and at Laguna Mountain, [23] in northwest Wyoming at Grand Teton National Park, [24] Idaho, [25] South Dakota, [26] Mexico, and Guatemala. [27]
The 2013 documentary film project, 'Ordinary Extraordinary Junco: Remarkable Biology from a Backyard Bird' highlights years of research conducted by Ketterson and her colleagues. [28]
Ketterson was married for 28 years to the ornithologist Val Nolan, Jr., her Ph.D. mentor and long-time collaborator, until his death in 2008. [29]
Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone and androgen in males. In humans, testosterone plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues such as testicles and prostate, as well as promoting secondary sexual characteristics such as increased muscle and bone mass, and the growth of body hair. It is associated with increased aggression, sex drive, dominance, courtship display, and a wide range of behavioral characteristics. In addition, testosterone in both sexes is involved in health and well-being, where it has a significant effect on overall mood, cognition, social and sexual behavior, metabolism and energy output, the cardiovascular system, and in the prevention of osteoporosis. Insufficient levels of testosterone in men may lead to abnormalities including frailty, accumulation of adipose fat tissue within the body, anxiety and depression, sexual performance issues, and bone loss.
The Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender, and Reproduction is a research institute at Indiana University. Established in Bloomington, Indiana, in 1947 as a nonprofit, the institute merged with Indiana University in 2016, "abolishing the 1947 independent incorporation absolutely and completely."
Indiana University Bloomington is a public research university in Bloomington, Indiana. It is the flagship campus of Indiana University and its largest campus with over 40,000 students. Established as the state's seminary in 1820, the name was changed to "Indiana College" in 1829 and to "Indiana University" in 1838.
The dark-eyed junco is a species of junco, a group of small, grayish New World sparrows. The species is common across much of temperate North America and in summer it ranges far into the Arctic. It is a variable species, much like the related fox sparrow, and its systematics are still not completely resolved.
The American tree sparrow, also known as the winter sparrow, is a medium-sized New World sparrow.
The blue-headed vireo is a migrating song bird found in North and Central America. There are currently two recognized subspecies that belong to the blue-headed vireo. It has a range that extends across Canada and the eastern coast of the United-States, Mexico and some of Central America. It prefers large temperate forests with a mix of evergreen trees and deciduous under growth.
The Indiana University School of Medicine (IUSM) is a major, multi-campus medical school located throughout the U.S. state of Indiana and is the graduate medical school of Indiana University. There are nine campuses throughout the state; the principal research, educational, and medical center is located on the campus of Indiana University Indianapolis. With 1,461 MD students, 195 PhD students, and 1,442 residents and fellows in the 2023–24 academic year, IUSM is the largest medical school in the United States. The school offers many joint degree programs including an MD/PhD Medical Scientist Training Program. It has partnerships with Purdue University's Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, other Indiana University system schools, and various in-state external institutions. It is the medical school with the largest number of graduates licensed in the United States per a 2018 Federation of State Medical Boards survey with 11,828 licensed physicians.
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John William Ryan was an American academic administrator who most notably served as the President of Indiana University for sixteen years.
Indiana University (IU) is a system of public universities in the U.S. state of Indiana.
The challenge hypothesis outlines the dynamic relationship between testosterone and aggression in mating contexts. It proposes that testosterone promotes aggression when it would be beneficial for reproduction, such as mate guarding, or strategies designed to prevent the encroachment of intrasexual rivals. The positive correlation between reproductive aggression and testosterone levels is seen to be strongest during times of social instability. The challenge hypothesis predicts that seasonal patterns in testosterone levels are a function of mating system, paternal care, and male-male aggression in seasonal breeders.
The Margaret Morse Nice Medal is an ornithological award made annually by the Wilson Ornithological Society (WOS). It was established in 1997 and named in honour of ornithologist Margaret Morse Nice (1883-1974). The medal recipient is expected to give the plenary lecture at the WOS annual general meeting.
Risk-sensitive foraging models help to explain the variance in foraging behaviour in animals. This model allows powerful predictions to be made about expected foraging behaviour for individual groups of animals. Risk sensitive foraging is based on experimental evidence that the net energy budget level of an animal is predictive of type of foraging activity an animal will employ. Experimental evidence has indicated that individuals will change the type of foraging strategy that they use depending on environmental conditions and ability to meet net energy levels. When individuals can meet net energy level requirements by accessing food in risk aversive methods they do so. However, when net energy level requirements are not met by employing risk aversive methods, individuals are more likely to take risk prone actions in order to meet their net energy requirements.
The Indiana University School of Nursing is an academic college of higher education connected to Indiana University with its main research and educational facilities on the Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis campus and at Indiana University Bloomington. It is known for its nursing research and education, scholarship of teaching and nursing practice, and for its collaborations with IU hospitals and clinical partners. Established in 1914 as the Indiana University Training School for Nurses, it awarded its first nursing diplomas in 1917 and was renamed the IU School of Nursing in 1956. It offers a four-year Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) degree, a Master of Science in Nursing (MSN) degree, and two doctoral degrees: Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) and Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.). The IU nursing school has received multiple research grants from the National Institutes of Health.
Elizabeth Adkins-Regan is an American comparative behavioral neuroendocrinologist best known for her research on the hormonal and neural mechanisms of reproductive behavior and sexual differentiation in birds. She is currently a professor emeritus in the Department of Psychology and the Department of Neurobiology and Behavior at Cornell University.
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