| Eostangeria Temporal range: | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Gymnospermae |
| Division: | Cycadophyta |
| Class: | Cycadopsida |
| Order: | Cycadales |
| Family: | Zamiaceae |
| Subfamily: | † Eostangerioideae Kvaček, Palamarev & Uzunova, 2002 [1] |
| Genus: | † Eostangeria Barthel, 1976 [2] |
| Type species | |
| E. saxonica Barthel, 1976 | |
| Other species | |
| |
Eostangeria is a morphogenus of fossil foliage belonging to the Cycadales.
Some leaflets of Eostangeria had previously described as ferns such as Angiopteris . As late as 1999 there was uncertainty regarding the familial affinities of the genus, with suggested relationship to with either Stangeria or the Colombian Zamia restrepoi . However, with the redescription of E. ruzinciniana by Uzunova, Palamarev, and Kvacek (2002) the genus was placed in the cycad family Zamiaceae as the type genus of the monotypic subfamily Eostangerioideae. [1]
Eostangeria was first described based on material E. saxonica from the Eocene of the Geisel valley,. [2] Subsequently E. ruzinciniana was described from the Middle Miocene Krivodol Formation of Bulgaria, [1] while E. pseudopteris was detailed from Paleocene through Eocene sediments in Western North America including Wyoming and Oregon. [3]
Leaflets of Eostangeria have a notable midrib from which parallel veins diverge fusing only rarely in the margin of the leaflet. Dispersed leaflets are often retrieved, suggesting the presence of an abscission layer at the base. [3] Cuticles have isodiametrical to elongated cells, with dark-staining and light-staining pavement cells and sunken stomata. If the cuticle is not preserved, leaflets of Eostangeria can be confused with fern leaflets of the genus Allantodiopsis . [3]
Stangeria eriopus is a cycad endemic to southern Africa. It is the sole species in the genus Stangeria, most closely related to the Australian genus Bowenia, with which it forms the family Stangeriaceae.
The Zamiaceae are a family of cycads that are superficially palm or fern-like. They are divided into two subfamilies with eight genera and about 150 species in the tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Australia and North and South America.
Trochodendron is a genus of flowering plants with one living species, Trochodendron aralioides, and six extinct species known from the fossil record. It was often considered the sole genus in the family Trochodendraceae, though botanists now also include the distinct genus Tetracentron in the family.
Dioon is a genus of cycads in the family Zamiaceae. It is native to Mexico and Central America. Their habitats include tropical forests, pine-oak forest, and dry hillsides, canyons and coastal dunes.
Ceratozamia is a genus of New World cycads in the family Zamiaceae. The genus contains 27 known currently living species and one or two fossil species. Most species are endemic to mountainous areas of Mexico, while few species extend into the mountains of Guatemala, Honduras and Belize. The genus name comes from the Greek ceras, meaning horn, which refers to the paired, spreading horny projections on the male and female sporophylls of all species.
Cyclocarya is a genus of flowering plants in the family Juglandaceae, comprising a single species Cyclocarya paliurus, formerly treated in the genus Pterocarya as Pterocarya paliurus. It is native to eastern and central China.
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1993.
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1999.
Trochodendron drachukii is an extinct species of flowering plants in the family Trochodendraceae known from a fossil fruiting structure found in the early Ypresian age Eocene fossils found in British Columbia, Canada. T. drachukii is one of the oldest members of the genus Trochodendron, which includes the living species T. aralioides, native to Japan, southern Korea and Taiwan and the coeval extinct species T. nastae from Washington state, United States.
Astraponotus is an extinct genus of astrapotheriids. It lived during the Middle-Late Eocene and its fossil remains have been found in the Sarmiento Formation of Argentina, South America.
This article records new taxa of plants that are scheduled to be described during the year 2017, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleobotany that are scheduled to occur in the year 2017.
This article records new taxa of fossil plants that are scheduled to be described during the year 2019, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleobotany that are scheduled to occur in the year 2019.
Concavistylon is an extinct genus of flowering plant in the family Trochodendraceae comprising a single species Concavistylon kvacekii. The genus is known from fossils found in Middle Miocene deposits of central Oregon. A second species "Concavistylon" wehrii was originally placed in Concavistylon, but subsequently moved to a new genus Paraconcavistylon in 2020.
Almargemia is a genus of fossil leaves from the Early Cretaceous of Portugal produced by members of the Zamiaceae. It was erected by Rudolf Florin based on macrofossil material with preserved cuticle.
Ctenis is a genus of fossil foliage attributable to the Cycadales, being one of the most common genera of cycad fossil leaves in the Mesozoic.
Taxodium dubium is an extinct species of cypress in the genus Taxodium in the family Cupressaceae which lived from the Late Paleocene to the Pliocene in North America and Europe. The species was first described in 1823 by Kaspar Maria von Sternberg.
Comptonia columbiana is an extinct species of sweet fern in the flowering plant family Myricaceae. The species is known from fossil leaves found in the early Eocene deposits of central to southern British Columbia, Canada, plus northern Washington state, United States, and, tentatively, the late Eocene of Southern Idaho and Earliest Oligocene of Oregon, United States.
This article records new taxa of fossil plants that are scheduled to be described during the year 2021, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleobotany that are scheduled to occur in the year 2021.
This paleobotany list records new fossil plant taxa that were to be described during the year 2022, as well as notes other significant paleobotany discoveries and events which occurred during 2022.
This paleobotany list records new fossil plant taxa that were to be described during the year 2023, as well as notes other significant paleobotany discoveries and events which occurred during 2023.
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