Renewable energy is energy from renewable natural resources that are replenished on a human timescale. The most widely used renewable energy types are solar energy,wind power,and hydropower. Bioenergy and geothermal power are also significant in some countries. Some also consider nuclear power a renewable power source,although this is controversial. Renewable energy installations can be large or small and are suited for both urban and rural areas. Renewable energy is often deployed together with further electrification. This has several benefits:electricity can move heat and vehicles efficiently and is clean at the point of consumption. Variable renewable energy sources are those that have a fluctuating nature,such as wind power and solar power. In contrast,controllable renewable energy sources include dammed hydroelectricity,bioenergy,or geothermal power.
Turkey is a founding member of the OECD and G20. The country's economy ranked as the 17th-largest in the world and 7th-largest in Europe by nominal GDP in 2024. It also ranked as the 12th-largest in the world and 5th-largest in Europe by PPP in 2024. Turkey is a developing,upper-middle income,mixed economy. Turkey has often been defined as a newly industrialized country since the turn of the 21st century. The country is the fifth most visited destination in the world,and has over 1,500 R&D centres established both by multinational and national firms. Turkey is among the world's leading producers of agricultural products,textiles,motor vehicles,transportation equipment,construction materials,consumer electronics,and home appliances. Among OECD nations,Turkey has a highly efficient and strong social security system;social expenditure stood at roughly 12.5% of GDP.
The International Energy Agency (IEA) is a Paris-based autonomous intergovernmental organization,established in 1974,that provides policy recommendations,analysis and data on the global energy sector. The 31 member countries and 13 association countries of the IEA represent 75% of global energy demand.
Anna Gunilla Carlsson is a Swedish politician and a member of the Moderate Party. She served as Minister for International Development Cooperation from 2006 to 2013,member of the Swedish Riksdag from 2002 to 2013 and deputy chairman of her party from 2003 to 2015.
Maria Josephina Arnoldina van der Hoeven is a retired Dutch politician of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) party and nonprofit director.
Electric energy consumption is energy consumption in the form of electrical energy. About a fifth of global energy is consumed as electricity:for residential,industrial,commercial,transportation and other purposes. The global electricity consumption in 2022 was 24,398 terawatt-hour (TWh),almost exactly three times the amount of consumption in 1981. China,the United States,and India accounted for more than half of the global share of electricity consumption. Japan and Russia followed with nearly twice the consumption of the remaining industrialized countries.
The annual World Energy Outlook (WEO) is the International Energy Agency's (IEA) flagship publication on global energy projections and analysis. It contains medium to long-term energy market projections,extensive statistics,analysis and advice for both governments and the energy business regarding energy security,environmental protection and economic development. The first WEO was published in 1977 and it has been an annual publication since 1998.
As of 2023,Europe had a total installed wind capacity of 255 gigawatts (GW). In 2017,a total of 15,680 MW of wind power was installed,representing 55% of all new power capacity,and the wind power generated 336 TWh of electricity,enough to supply 11.6% of the EU's electricity consumption.
Peak coal is the peak consumption or production of coal by a human community. Peak coal can be driven by peak demand or peak supply. Historically,it was widely believed that the supply-side would eventually drive peak coal due to the depletion of coal reserves. However,since the increasing global efforts to limit climate change,peak coal has been driven by demand. This is due in large part to the rapid expansion of natural gas and renewable energy. As of 2024 over 40% of all energy sector CO2 emissions are from coal,and many countries have pledged to phase-out coal.
The Energy Watch Group (EWG) is an international network of scientists and parliamentarians. The EWG conducts research and publishes studies on global energy developments concerning both fossil fuels and renewables. The organization states that it seeks to provide energy policy with objective information.
The Ambrosetti Forum organized by The European House –Ambrosetti,a consulting firm –is an annual international economic conference held at Villa d'Este,in the Italian town of Cernobbio on the shores of Lake Como. Since its inception in 1975,the Forum has brought together heads of state,ministers,Nobel laureates and businesspeople to discuss current challenges to the world's economies and societies.
William Flynn Martin is an American energy economist,educator,and international diplomat. Martin served as Special Assistant to Ronald Reagan for National Security Affairs,Executive Secretary of the United States National Security Council,and United States Deputy Secretary of Energy during the Ronald Reagan Administration. He was President of the Council of the University for Peace,appointed to the Council by Secretary General of the United Nations Kofi Annan. In 1992,he was Executive Director of the Republican Platform committee under George H. W. Bush. William Martin served for ten years as Chairman of the Nuclear Energy Advisory Committee during the administrations of George W. Bush and Barack Obama.
Turkey’s sunny climate possesses a high solar energy potential,specifically in the South Eastern Anatolia and Mediterranean regions. Solar power is a growing part of renewable energy in the country,with 19 gigawatts (GW) of solar panels generating 6% of the country's electricity. Solar thermal is also important.
The Order of Zayed is the United Arab Emirates' highest civil decoration named after the first president of the UAE,Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan.
Energy consumption per person in Turkey is similar to the world average,and over 85 per cent is from fossil fuels. From 1990 to 2017 annual primary energy supply tripled,but then remained constant to 2019. In 2019,Turkey's primary energy supply included around 30 per cent oil,30 per cent coal,and 25 per cent gas. These fossil fuels contribute to Turkey's air pollution and its above average greenhouse gas emissions. Turkey mines its own lignite but imports three-quarters of its energy,including half the coal and almost all the oil and gas it requires,and its energy policy prioritises reducing imports.
The Order of Diplomatic Service Merit (Korean: 수교훈장) is one of South Korea's orders of merit. It is awarded by the President of South Korea for "outstanding meritorious services in the interest of enhancing national prestige and promoting amity with allies." It is a relatively rare honor,being usually awarded to a handful of people every year,and is one of the highest civilian awards of South Korea.
Carlos Manuel Félix Moedas is a Portuguese civil engineer,economist and politician of the Social Democratic Party (PSD),who is the current Mayor of Lisbon.
The Melchett Award is an honour awarded by the Energy Institute for outstanding contributions to the science of fuel and energy.
Satya Widya Yudha (SWY) is a member of the National Energy Council of the Republic of Indonesia (DEN-RI) for the period of 2020-2025,after being proposed and appointed by the President of the Republic of Indonesia with the approval of the Indonesian Parliament.
