Turkey is a founding member of the OECD and G20. The country's economy ranked as the 17th-largest in the world and 7th-largest in Europe by nominal GDP in 2023. It also ranked as the 11th-largest in the world and 5th-largest in Europe by PPP in 2023. According to the IMF,as of 2022,Turkey had an upper-middle income,mixed-market,emerging economy. Turkey has often been defined as a newly industrialized country since the turn of the 21st century. The country is the fourth most visited destination in the world,and has over 1,500 R&D centres established both by multinational and national firms. Turkey is among the world's leading producers of agricultural products,textiles,motor vehicles,transportation equipment,construction materials,consumer electronics,and home appliances.
The International Energy Agency (IEA) is a Paris-based autonomous intergovernmental organisation,established in 1974,that provides policy recommendations,analysis and data on the global energy sector. The 31 member countries and 13 association countries of the IEA represent 75% of global energy demand.
Anna Gunilla Carlsson is a Swedish politician and a member of the Moderate Party. She served as Minister for International Development Cooperation from 2006 to 2013,member of the Swedish Riksdag from 2002 to 2013 and deputy chairman of her party from 2003 to 2015.
Maria Josephina Arnoldina van der Hoeven is a retired Dutch politician of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) party and nonprofit director.
Electric energy consumption is energy consumption in the form of electrical energy. About a fifth of global energy is consumed as electricity:for residential,industrial,commercial,transportation and other purposes. Quickly increasing this share by further electrification is extremely important to limit climate change,because most other energy is consumed by burning fossil fuels thus emitting greenhouse gases which trap heat.
The annual World Energy Outlook (WEO) is the International Energy Agency's (IEA) flagship publication on global energy projections and analysis. It contains medium to long-term energy market projections,extensive statistics,analysis and advice for both governments and the energy business regarding energy security,environmental protection and economic development. The first WEO was published in 1977 and it has been an annual publication since 1998.
As of 2023,Europe had a total installed wind capacity of 255 gigawatts (GW). In 2017,a total of 15,680 MW of wind power was installed,representing 55% of all new power capacity,and the wind power generated 336 TWh of electricity,enough to supply 11.6% of the EU's electricity consumption.
Peak oil is the point at which oil production,sometimes including unconventional oil sources,hits its maximum. Predicting the timing of peak oil involves estimation of future production from existing oil fields as well as future discoveries. The most influential production model is Hubbert peak theory,first proposed in the 1950s. The effect of peak oil on the world economy remains controversial.
The Energy Watch Group (EWG) is an international network of scientists and parliamentarians. The EWG conducts research and publishes studies on global energy developments concerning both fossil fuels and renewables. The organization states that it seeks to provide energy policy with objective information.
The Ambrosetti Forum organized by The European House –Ambrosetti,a consulting firm –is an annual international economic conference held at Villa d'Este,in the Italian town of Cernobbio on the shores of Lake Como. Since its inception in 1975,the Forum has brought together heads of state,ministers,Nobel laureates and businesspeople to discuss current challenges to the world's economies and societies.
William Flynn Martin is an American energy economist,educator,and international diplomat. Martin served as Special Assistant to Ronald Reagan for National Security Affairs,Executive Secretary of the United States National Security Council,and United States Deputy Secretary of Energy during the Ronald Reagan Administration. He was President of the Council of the University for Peace,appointed to the Council by Secretary General of the United Nations Kofi Annan. In 1992,he was Executive Director of the Republican Platform committee under George H. W. Bush. William Martin served for ten years as Chairman of the Nuclear Energy Advisory Committee during the administrations of George W. Bush and Barack Obama.
Turkey’s sunny climate possesses a high solar energy potential,specifically in the South Eastern Anatolia and Mediterranean regions. Solar power is a growing part of renewable energy in the country,with 12 gigawatts (GW) of solar panels generating 6% of the country's electricity. Solar thermal is also important.
Singapore International Energy Week (SIEW),formerly called the International Energy Week, is an annual week-long energy conference comprising several exhibitions,workshops,and networking sessions focused on fundamental issues within the energy industry. Held since 2008,it is organized by the Energy Market Authority.
Russia supplies a significant volume of fossil fuels to other European countries. In 2021,it was the largest exporter of oil and natural gas to the European Union,(90%) and 40% of gas consumed in the EU came from Russia.
Energy consumption per person in Turkey is similar to the world average,and over 85 per cent is from fossil fuels. From 1990 to 2017 annual primary energy supply tripled,but then remained constant to 2019. In 2019,Turkey's primary energy supply included around 30 per cent oil,30 per cent coal,and 25 per cent gas. These fossil fuels contribute to Turkey's air pollution and its above average greenhouse gas emissions. Turkey mines its own lignite but imports three-quarters of its energy,including half the coal and almost all the oil and gas it requires,and its energy policy prioritises reducing imports.
Carlos Manuel Félix Moedas is a Portuguese civil engineer,economist and politician of the Social Democratic Party (PSD),who is the current Mayor of Lisbon.
Fossil fuel subsidies are energy subsidies on fossil fuels. They may be tax breaks on consumption,such as a lower sales tax on natural gas for residential heating;or subsidies on production,such as tax breaks on exploration for oil. Or they may be free or cheap negative externalities;such as air pollution or climate change due to burning gasoline,diesel and jet fuel. Some fossil fuel subsidies are via electricity generation,such as subsidies for coal-fired power stations.
The Melchett Award is an honour awarded by the Energy Institute for outstanding contributions to the science of fuel and energy.
Satya Widya Yudha (SWY) is a member of the National Energy Council of the Republic of Indonesia (DEN-RI) for the period of 2020-2025,after being proposed and appointed by the President of the Republic of Indonesia with the approval of the Indonesian Parliament.
